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Liberia's youth shattered by another war: Drugs

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These datasets underpin the analysis presented in the agency's work. Most data may be viewed interactively on screen and downloaded in Excel format. All countries. Topics A-Z. The content in this section is aimed at anyone involved in planning, implementing or making decisions about health and social responses. Best practice. We have developed a systemic approach that brings together the human networks, processes and scientific tools necessary for collecting, analysing and reporting on the many aspects of the European drugs phenomenon. Explore our wide range of publications, videos and infographics on the drugs problem and how Europe is responding to it. All publications. More events. More news. We are your source of drug-related expertise in Europe. We prepare and share independent, scientifically validated knowledge, alerts and recommendations. About the EUDA. The law defines IADA's functions and areas of responsibility. IADA's main role is to formulate national policies, and to coordinate the activities of all government ministries, offices and NGOs related to drugs and alcohol. Key national figures and statistics. Contact information for our focal point. This summary was prepared by Yossi Harel-Fisch, Ph. The content of this summary does not necessarily reflect the official opinions of the European Union. The Israel Anti-Drug Authority IADA has established a population survey system to enable the development, implementation and evaluation of evidence-based policy and intervention strategies. This set of surveys includes several ongoing periodic population surveys covering the various target populations:. Israel Drug and Alcohol Epidemiology Survey: A representative sample of the population aged 18—40, carried out every four years from to From the survey will be carried out every two years and will select a representative sample of the population aged 18— The most recent survey was conducted in The questionnaire includes 30 items on recent exposure to drug and alcohol prevention campaigns and activities, changes in attitudes, exposure to new substances, and any other ad hoc issue related to drugs and alcohol prevention for which timely information is required. Drugs and Alcohol among College Students: Carried out annually since among approximately 2 students in higher education mostly undergraduate students aged 21—30 in campuses across the country. According to the latest Drug and Alcohol Epidemiological Survey among adults aged 18—40, cannabis is the most prevalent drug in Israel. Lifetime prevalence for herbal cannabis was quite similar to cannabis resin, at about In some 7. In some 6. In the prevalence of cannabis resin use in the last 30 days was 4. The second most prevalent drug used in was ecstasy, with lifetime prevalence was 4. Lifetime prevalence of LSD was 3. This is a slight increase for both drugs from , when ecstasy was 0. Last month prevalence of both remained stable in at 0. In lifetime prevalence for cocaine use was 2. The latest HBSC survey was conducted in The survey included some of the ESPAD questions for drugs, and was answered by a sub-sample of about 2 students in the tenh grade. For all drugs, male students reported higher prevalence rates than females. Among the respondents, 6. Harel-Fisch, Y. In October a survey was conducted of 5 inmates in 27 facilities. It was carried out using a self-administered and anonymous questionnaire. Prevention interventions are implemented throughout the country, targeting the general and at risk populations. Prevention interventions carried out in Israel take into account individual and social components, aimed at shaping attitudes and values to reject substance abuse. To ensure effective evidence-based interventions, a national multi-disciplinary committee developed standards for prevention interventions and determined standards for selecting effective interventions, including: science-based programmes; the availability of evaluation data; and a clear definition of target groups. Israel has developed a comprehensive programme for the school system that integrates prevention and life skills into the formal educational curriculum from kindergarten to high school. At each stage of their school life students are exposed to different age-relevant subjects, ranging from the correct use of medicine to substance abuse and driving. Around students are exposed to prevention interventions in schools per year. Prevention programmes are also implemented as part of extra-curricular activities and in community centres. For example, Yes to Sports, No to Drugs combines prevention and sports activities for young people. The key is to promote one unique message in all the various settings. A comprehensive programme for higher education students has been implemented in several colleges and universities across Israel. These programmes emphasise peer-to-peer recruitment and involvement. Parental and community involvement are essential components of an effective prevention approach. There are close to parent patrols, with about 4 parents volunteering across the country. Israel has begun building a model for interventions in the workplace, incorporating the topic of drug and alcohol abuse prevention into a broader workplace health promotion approach. The programme also seeks to establish a treatment services package in the framework of the workplace. Due to the multi-cultural facet of Israel's population, culture-sensitive programmes are developed, tailored and adapted to suit the characteristics of each ethnic group, be they Israeli-Arabs, immigrants from the former Soviet Union, the Ethiopian community or Orthodox Jews. Programmes are offered in different languages and take into consideration various cultural norms and differences. Workshops and lectures are offered for parents on relevant issues related to adolescent behaviour. An example of a selective programme for youth in middle and high schools targets young people who have used tobacco, drugs and alcohol. The aim of the programme, Training and Developing Coping Abilities , is to provide youth at risk with coping tools and life skills that can strengthen their character and improve their quality of life. Improvements in quality of life will also be felt as a result of reducing their consumption of addictive substances. In the programme was evaluated to determine its short- and long-term effects. A questionnaire was applied among the participants before and after the intervention, and among those who had completed the programme in the past alumni. Among the alumni, the results show that their awareness of the harmful effects of illicit substance use and drinking increased; and they also indicate a long-lasting effect two to three years after the intervention on decreasing or ceasing smoking and drinking, a positive impact on school work and studies, and increased self-esteem and the ability to cope with substance abuse and with life. Public awareness and media campaigns on drugs and alcohol prevention are implemented across the country, to promote attitudes and a social climate that do not tolerate substance abuse. In order to enhance the effectiveness of campaigns, they run for several consecutive years, promoting the same message. Media campaigns include TV, radio, newspapers and the Internet. To ensure exposure, campaigns run in different languages, including Hebrew, Arabic, Amharic and Russian. Ecstasy and cannabis were not included in this category. Details are available here. The data from the National Insurance Institute of Israel NIII may provide some insights into the number of problem drug users in Israel, as addicts are entitled to receive benefits from the National Insurance. In an average of addicts per month received income support from the NIII due to drug and alcohol addiction; in total, 4 people received support in Among them, on average, 2 addicts received monthly benefits for rehabilitation from drugs. However, this number may under-estimate the number of problem drug and alcohol addicts in the country: first, drug users may refrain from approaching formal institutions; and second, a person is granted support by the NIII for only one reason, thus an addict with a disability, for example, may already receive support for their disability and will not then be listed as receiving support due to drug and alcohol addiction. In there was a slight decrease, with 12 patients treated, of which were under The data does not specify the main drug of use. According to the Ministry of Health, in about 4 patients were registered with outpatient treatment programmes, while in the same year about 6 drugs users received opioid substitution treatment OST with methadone and Subutex. In approximately 1 inmates underwent treatment for drug addiction in various projects supervised by the Israel Prison Service. Some information about the drugs used is available at the level of the treatment centres. Data on drug-related infectious diseases comes from the Ministry of Health, and only includes data on the number of new cases of human immunodeficiency virus HIV and acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS reported. The data are published 18 months after collection. The number of new HIV infections has been quite stable throughout —11 at about 42 new cases each year. In there was a large increase in the number of new reported HIV cases, to Drug-induced deaths are significantly under-reported in Israel. The Central Bureau of Statistics collects data for overdose death cases as part of the general mortality register. A comprehensive treatment system of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions provides a wide array of treatment solutions addressing the different needs of individuals based on gender, age and cultural and religious background, in order to ensure accessibility to all. In Israel all drug treatment institutions must operate under a licence as determined by Law Regulations under this law define the minimum professional and physical conditions required for obtaining a licence. Treatment services include community-based outpatient treatment programmes, regional day-care facilities, detoxification units, therapeutic communities, while the drug treatment is offered also by mental health centres, law threshold facilities and also the Israel Prison Service. Figure 1. Drug treatment systems map for Israel. The size of each treatment provider reflects the number of clients receiving drug treatment in the respective settings. Table 1. Network of outpatient treatment facilities total number of units and clients. Table 2. Network of inpatient treatment facilities total number of units and clients. The range of treatment interventions includes: detoxification, opioid substitution therapy, individual and group treatment sessions, family intervention and rehabilitation, long-term therapeutic communities, legal counselling, assistance with housing and studies, vocational rehabilitation and follow-up counselling. There are seven treatment facilities for women, and one therapeutic community offers treatment for mothers with children. All staff members in these programmes are women. A special therapeutic community addresses the needs of young adults, particularly those returning from backpacking excursions suffering from mental imbalance due to hallucinogenic or mind-altering drugs. Programmes are offered for immigrants from the former Soviet Union countries, the Orthodox community and the Arab population. Programmes are also offered for drug abuse victims suffering from co-morbidity. The first opioid substitution treatment programme with methadone began in Today, other drug substitutes such as buprenorphine are available. In approximately 6 patients received methadone and Subutex treatment. Needle exchange programmes are available in several locations across the country: Tel-Aviv, Ashdod, Beer-Sheva and Jerusalem. The number of syringes distributed in is estimated at — syringes per addict. In total, syringes were distributed in and in In Tel-Aviv, for example, there is a First Step programme — a low-threshold walk-in clinic where homeless addicts can receive counselling, food and needle exchange. Addicts interested in undergoing further treatment can also receive assistance regarding rapid admission into treatment programmes. In the period —11 between to addicts entered the clinic per year. Israel is considered to be a drug consuming country rather than a producing country. Drugs enter the country through land, sea and air borders. In there was a decrease in the seized quantities of cocaine, heroin, ecstasy and methamphetamine Yaba coming from abroad Table 3. In the most recent years there has been an increase in the domestic cultivation of cannabis, mainly in hydro-labs, which might be linked to the decrease in cannabis products smuggled into the country. In general, people perceive that drugs are easily accessible. In almost one-quarter of the respondents reported that they knew where to buy cannabis Table 4. Over the past years, Israel has been actively combating the phenomenon of new psychoactive substances NPS. In the past year, the most common substances detected were: 5f-amb derivative of indazol carboxamid, which is controlled in Israel ; ab-chminaca; ab-fubinaca; and pb and its derivatives. These are all controlled under the Dangerous Drugs Ordinance the first was included as it is a derivative of a controlled substance; the other substances were included directly. These drugs were easily accessible to young people, and were openly sold in over 3 convenience stores across the country, with a turnover of approximately EUR per month. This led to the establishment of a national multi-disciplinary model of law enforcement in This model, which combines the law enforcement powers of all relevant agencies, among them the Israel Police, the Tax Authority, the Ministry of Health and Municipal Authorities, along with new legislation, led to a significant decrease in NPS sales in these stores. However, sales over the Internet are an ongoing problem for Israel. Overall, the number of drug law files opened at arrest stage since has remained fairly stable. However, in there was a significant increase in the number of files opened for drug cultivation, mainly due to the increase in seized marijuana hydro-labs. In the prices of drugs remained quite stable. Data regarding drug prices is collected primarily through the Internet, by the Israeli National Monitoring Center for Drugs and Alcohol. The Dangerous Drugs Ordinance New Version — — defines all drug-related offences — possession, trafficking, import, export, etc. For most types of offence the maximum sentence is 20 years; for possession, which is considered a misdemeanour, the maximum sentence is three years. However, where there are aggravating factors, such as soliciting minors to take drugs, the penalty may be increased up to 25 years and a prison sentence is mandatory. An amendment to the ordinance forbids the manufacturing, importing, displaying, possessing or selling of any drug-related paraphernalia. The ordinance also determines that assets acquired in the past eight years by a drug trafficker if judged by the court can be forfeited. The burden to prove legitimacy of assets falls upon the defendant. Over the years, new substances have been added to the list of prohibited substances of the Dangerous Drugs Ordinance. In a Derivatives Law was passed in Israel. The Law set forth that dangerous substances that are closely related to a drug listed in the ordinance will automatically enter the ordinance by virtue of being chemical derivatives of prohibited materials. This applies to derivatives of four groups: amphetamines, methamphetamines, cathinone and methcathinone. In May new legislation was passed that expanded the previous Derivatives Law to include entire families of synthetic cannabinoids. In August Israel issued a new ordinance, The Fight Against the Phenomenon of the Use of Dangerous Substances Law, —, which aims to tackle the problem of new psychoactive substances. This prohibition includes: manufacturing, selling, importing, exporting, trafficking and possession for any of the above intents. Penal Law — provides the methodology for the calculation of fines imposed by the Dangerous Drugs Ordinance. Section 82 makes it possible for the court to substitute punishment by treatment for drug users, for a period and in accordance with a programme determined by the court. According to the Criminal Procedure Arrests Law, under Section 21, the court may decide to send the defendant to a treatment institution as an alternative to detention until the termination of proceedings; or in some cases the treatment can be ordered instead of the punishment. According to the Traffic Ordinance \[New Version\], —, driving under the influence of drugs and alcohol is an offence. The ordinance allows for drivers to be tested at random, and based on suspicion. Should the driver refuse to be tested, he or she will be presumed to be under the influence of drugs which includes alcohol. Section 39 also states that the conviction of driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol leads to a minimum two year suspension of a driver's licence. The Prohibition of Money Laundering Act, — prevents money laundering deriving from criminal activities and drug trafficking. The Israel National Strategy to fight alcohol and drugs for the period —20 will be adopted , based on the following four pillars: awareness; prevention and education; treatment, rehabilitation and harm reduction; and supply reduction. The aim is to lead Israel in its efforts to tackle drug supply and demand and to reduce the adverse consequences of alcohol abuse, to ensure a healthy and ethical society with high living standards for all citizens. There are seven key goals:. The action plan includes annual targets, tools and indicators to measure and evaluate performance, and was developed following an assessment of the national situation obtained through research-based evaluation and monitoring. National policies promote a healthy life-skills approach towards prevention among young people, targeting the general and at risk populations through a comprehensive programme in schools. Interventions are implemented in the non-formal education system through community centres, sports activities and other approaches, for the entire community. The same drug-free message is promoted at all times, whether in schools, after school or in the community. Treatment and rehabilitation policies focus on ensuring accessible and available treatment for all drug users and their families. A health-centred approach to treatment offers a range of interventions that include physical and psychological components, developed to address the different needs of each individual, such as gender and cultural diversity, in order to ensure accessibility for all, with full respect for the patient's human rights. Treatment is also offered in the prison system. Harm reduction measures are employed to reduce the adverse consequences of drug abuse. Over the years Israel has developed unified standards of training for all those working in the field of drugs, to ensure that the staff involved in prevention and treatment interventions, whether professionals or volunteers, are qualified and skilled. IADA is the leading body responsible for establishing unified standards for the various types of training for all staff dealing with drug and alcohol abuse. Training is developed in all areas of activity, including prevention, treatment and law enforcement, through academic courses in higher education institutions, professional training and other training options. The Israel Anti-Drug Authority , a statutory governmental agency, was established at the end of by virtue of the Drug Control Authority Law — IADA is the central body charged with the fight against drugs. This is achieved through a multi-disciplinary approach covering areas such as drug prevention, treatment and law enforcement. A national comprehensive, balanced demand and supply reduction approach is implemented; and data collection and monitoring ensure evidence-based programmes and policies. Under IADA's umbrella, professionals in government and non-governmental agencies work together. This inter-ministerial and inter-institutional cooperation and coordination extends to all areas, from prevention and treatment, to law enforcement, and formulates all national supply and demand reduction policies on drugs and alcohol abuse. All divisions work in collaboration with relevant ministries and organisations to develop national policies and programmes in the field of drug supply and demand reduction. The headquarters also house a national information centre and a hotline. IADA is responsible for promoting cooperation and coordinating the activities of all government ministries, offices and non-government organisations that are involved in the fight against drugs. The Minister in Charge appoints the Council's chairperson from among the members. The Council's functions are to determine IADA's policy, to guide the board of directors and supervise its activities, to discuss the annual budget and any other issues related to IADA's activities. The Council is assisted by professional committees such as the Treatment and Rehabilitation Committee and the Prevention and Community Committee, the Psychoactive Substance Committee and a steering committee for the national alcohol programme. In line with Section 11 of the Amendment to the Municipality Ordinance, at local levels a municipality is required to establish a committee for combating drugs. Contact person: Ms Sonia Hizi. Homepage Quick links Quick links. GO Results hosted on duckduckgo. Main navigation Data Open related submenu Data. Latest data Prevalence of drug use Drug-induced deaths Infectious diseases Problem drug use Treatment demand Seizures of drugs Price, purity and potency. Drug use and prison Drug law offences Health and social responses Drug checking Hospital emergencies data Syringe residues data Wastewater analysis Data catalogue. Selected topics Alternatives to coercive sanctions Cannabis Cannabis policy Cocaine Darknet markets Drug checking Drug consumption facilities Drug markets Drug-related deaths Drug-related infectious diseases. Recently published Findings from a scoping literature…. Penalties at a glance. Frequently asked questions FAQ : drug…. FAQ: therapeutic use of psychedelic…. Viral hepatitis elimination barometer…. EU Drug Market: New psychoactive…. EU Drug Market: Drivers and facilitators. Statistical Bulletin home. Quick links Search news Subscribe newsletter for recent news Subscribe to news releases. Breadcrumb Home Countries Israel. Israel country overview Last updated. On this page Drug use among the general population and young people Prevention Problem drug use Treatment demand Drug-related infectious diseases Drug-induced deaths and mortality Treatment responses Harm reduction responses Drug markets and drug-law offences National drug laws National drug strategy Coordination mechanism in the field of drugs. Drug use among the general population and young people The Israel Anti-Drug Authority IADA has established a population survey system to enable the development, implementation and evaluation of evidence-based policy and intervention strategies. This set of surveys includes several ongoing periodic population surveys covering the various target populations: Israel Drug and Alcohol Epidemiology Survey: A representative sample of the population aged 18—40, carried out every four years from to Drug-related infectious diseases Data on drug-related infectious diseases comes from the Ministry of Health, and only includes data on the number of new cases of human immunodeficiency virus HIV and acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS reported. Drug-induced deaths and mortality Drug-induced deaths are significantly under-reported in Israel. Harm reduction responses Needle exchange programmes are available in several locations across the country: Tel-Aviv, Ashdod, Beer-Sheva and Jerusalem. Drug markets and drug-law offences Israel is considered to be a drug consuming country rather than a producing country. Table 3. Quantities of drugs seized in Israel in — National drug laws The Dangerous Drugs Ordinance New Version — — defines all drug-related offences — possession, trafficking, import, export, etc. National drug strategy The Israel National Strategy to fight alcohol and drugs for the period —20 will be adopted , based on the following four pillars: awareness; prevention and education; treatment, rehabilitation and harm reduction; and supply reduction. To lead the national policy to reduce drug use and alcohol abuse. To develop strategies and action plans in the areas of awareness, education and prevention, treatment and rehabilitation, law enforcement, forfeiture and development of professional human resources. To ensure policies are implemented in the community, taking into consideration unique characteristics of specific communities. To develop national policies based on research, monitoring and scientific evaluation. To initiate, develop and promote strategic cooperation with international, national and local partners. To be identified as a national and international information centre on drugs and alcohol. Coordination mechanism in the field of drugs The Israel Anti-Drug Authority , a statutory governmental agency, was established at the end of by virtue of the Drug Control Authority Law — IADA is responsible for: Initiating and developing educational and prevention programmes nationwide. Promoting public awareness materials, organising communal awareness and leading community work in order to create a social climate that rejects substance abuse. Treating and rehabilitating victims of substance abuse and their families. Supervising all areas related to law enforcement, and all institutions' respective roles in this area. Conducting research to track trends in use and to evaluate project implementation. Recruiting and training qualified professionals and volunteers. Providing national informational services in many formats, through many vehicles and across the spectrum of Israeli society. Developing and maintaining contact with national and international bodies active in matters of drug and alcohol abuse. Specialised treatment centres. Unit for treatment of addictions — youth. Central Bureau of Statistics.

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