Stripper On Steam
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Stripper On Steam
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I need a new friend... any suggestions?
A desktop stripper may be nice to have, but unfortunately, most of them have STDs.
why not look for something a little bit more emotionally profound? like a kawaii desktop waifu doing kawaii things.
The author of this thread has indicated that this post answers the original topic.
Last edited by sotaponi ;
11 Jun, 2019 @ 5:21am
Last edited by Corthmic ;
11 Jun, 2019 @ 5:19am
Trust me... you don’t want that. You need something more M.O.E and Kawaii.
nevermind i got a desktop dwarf lap-dancer
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Date Posted: 10 Jun, 2019 @ 6:11pm
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This sheet is part of the WASS application .
VITO
Boeretang 200
B-2400 Mol
Steam stripping of wastewater is a distillation process [1] where volatile organic matter is removed from water. The volatilization of organic matter is greatly determined by the temperature. Due to the higher temperature used in steam stripping, compared to air stripping, more soluble organic matter will be removed than when air stripping is implemented. No air treatment is needed; the removed components will be in a concentrated flow that can either be recuperated or must be destroyed (e.g. via incineration).
The principle is based on reducing the partial pressure of the pollution by heating and by creating a positive mass transport from the water to the gas phase via steam injection. A steam stripper consists of a supply pump with heat exchanger, a packed or dish column, a condenser with a separation drum and a reflux device, and a decanter. The wastewater must be free of solid matter, which could block the heat exchanger.
A stream stripper selectively removes components. Substances that dissolve well in water, which cannot be removed with the classic stripping method, can also be separated from water. Steam stripping consumes relatively large amounts of energy because electricity is used. Further, lime residue is also left behind, which could pollute the stripping tower.
Steam stripping is used in both inorganic and organic chemistry.
Steam stripping is implemented at temperatures between 90 and 120°C and pressures between 1 and 2 bar. The capacity of a steam stripper can vary from 1 to 100 m 3 /hour. The SM content must be <5 ppm.
The "stripability" of the compound is indicated by the Henry coefficient. In steam stripping for VOC, this coefficient is as follows: >10 to 100 ppmw [2] .
Lime residue caused by shifts in the carbonate equilibrium must be prevented.
Steam stripping is primarily implemented for the removal of volatile organic matter (incl. chlorinated hydrocarbons, VOX and BTEX), sulphur compounds (H 2 S, phosphine) and NH 3 . Stripping is normally carried out on the concentrated partial flow.
Steam stripping has a high removal yield. Here are a few examples of removal efficiencies:
H 2 S can be removed from 5.000 ppm to 20 ppm.
Ammoniac can be stripped in a steam stripper. If ammoniac is interfering with other pollutants that need to be removed, this can be confirmed using neutralising substances.
Flue gases and condensed fluid are released as by-products. In most cases, these flows require further treatment.
No concrete data is available about the cost price of the purification technique itself. The cost of the measurement and regulation equipment, e.g. for the sludge level, can be estimated as follows:
The settings for the stripping process must be established with great accuracy. It is a relatively complex process to manage.
[1] Distillation is a technique using vaporisation to separate two or more substances in a solution, based on the difference in these substances’ boiling points.
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Advantages
Achieves 99% removal of VOCs The most economical alternative for flows above 50 GPM Most cost-effective overall Capable of achieving very high removal rates at very low pressure drops Can operate at a wide range of airflow rates Lower air to water ratio necessary Must be used for water that tends to foam
Disadvantages
Treatment of the exiting VOC laden air needed to prevent air pollution Bed packing must be removed and washed or cleansed with acid Fouling can occur quickly Often need a very tall column to achieve desired efficiency, resulting in high construction costs
Advantages
VOC removals in excess of 99.99% are possible with sieve-tray air stripping Can be easily disassembled for cleaning Easy to prevent fouling Additional sieve trays may be added if greater treatment is desired More compact for tight areas
Disadvantages
Treatment of the exiting VOC laden air needed to prevent air pollution Fouling at some point is still inevitable Narrow range of airflow rates to achieve volatilization without interrupting water flow Geometry and tray placement must be specific, often designed by the manufacturer
Advantages
Simple to use Most resistant to fouling Can handle high amount of suspended solids or turbidity Lowest upkeep costs Easy to clean, simply purge water in column
Disadvantages
Treatment of the exiting VOC laden air needed to prevent air pollution Not as efficient as other methods Cannot remove as many VOCs as sieve-tray or packed column air strippers Limited surface area of the water in contact with air bubbled through
Advantages
Capable of achieving very high removal rates and low effluent concentrations. Most economical removal technique at feed concentrations above 0.1% weight organics. Can be made very energy efficient with heat recovery. Minimizes air emissions and reduces loads to incineration. Easy solute recovery.
Disadvantages
Not useful to strip phenol, glycols, ethylene, propylene, glycerine, ionic compounds such as sulfonated organics, inorganic compounds (except in free gaseous dissolved form), and low volatility, highly water-soluble compounds such as acetic acid. Fouling.
Stripping columns are used to remove unwanted materials from process streams. The air stripping column shown below is used to remove ammonia from water and wastewater feedstreams. This section describes various types of air stripping columns as well as steam strippers.
(Copyright Ducon Technologies, Inc., Farmingdale, NY)
Air stripping columns are most widely used for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from water. By forcing air through contaminated water, the VOCs are evaporated from the water and the air passing through the column absorbs the contaminated vapor. The air can then either be removed or pumped into the atmosphere if the concentration of VOCs in vapor form is low enough. The most common types of air strippers are packed-column air strippers and sieve-tray air strippers, though diffused- aeration tanks can often act as an effective means of air stripping as well.
The design of air stripping columns is governed by differences in volatility between the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the contaminated water. The more volatile components transfer from the water to the air stream. The air exits the top of the column and contains the most volatile components, while the least volatile components exit with the water out the bottom of the column.
(Copyright Monroe Environmental Corporation, Monroe, MI)
In these strippers, water enters from the top of the column and is misted over the porous packing material while air is blown from the bottom of the column. As the water and air meet, most of the VOCs are transferred to the vapor phase and removed from the top, while the treated water exits through the bottom of the column.
After the contaminated water enters the column, it flows down the column and through the packing countercurrent to the air stream. The packing serves to increase the amount of contact between the two streams and enhances the stripping as a result. After leaving the column, the air is either distributed into the atmosphere or is collected for purification.
Packing types include dumped packing and stacked packing. The packing channels the liquid flowing from the top to the bottom of the column.
Water enters from the top of the sieve-tray air stripper and trickles down over multiple perforated trays over a weir, progressing from tray to tray. Air is bubbled up through the holes in the trays and VOCs are transferred to the vapor phase for removal. The treated water exits out the bottom after traveling across the last tray.
Air stripping columns contain either trays or packing, depending on the application.
Tray types include sieve, valve, and bubble cap. The geometry of the trays affects the extent and type of contact between the vapor and liquid streams. Downcomers channel the liquid flowing from one tray down to the tray below.
(Copyright Monroe Environmental Corporation, Monroe, MI)
Unlike the packed-column and sieve-tray air strippers, in which the water flows through or around a solid as it travels through the column, resulting in increased water-air contact, in diffused-aeration tanks the air travels directly through the water as it is bubbled into the tank. Water enters at the top of the aeration column and is allowed to pool within the tank. Air is diffused through the bottom of the tank and bubbled through the water, capturing VOCs before exiting at the top. This design is most effective when there is a greater vessel depth and smaller air bubbles passing through.
One common issue that can be remediated by an air stripper is water contaminated by petroleum leaks and spills. Air strippers can easily remove benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, xylene, and trichloroethylene. Alcohols, aldehydes, or ketones are not as easily removed by air strippers.
In the system below on the left, air is used to remove benzene derivatives, chloroethylenes, and ammonia from contaminated groundwater. On the right is an air stripping column used to remove VOCs at a potable water treatment plant.
(Copyright Monroe Environmental Corporation, Monroe, MI)
The air stripping columns pictured below are used to remove VOCs and dissolved gases from an incoming water feedstream.
(Copyright Layne Christensen Company, Mission Woods, KS)
The air strippers pictured below are used in a groundwater treatment plant. These units purify the incoming water through the use of trays rather than packing.
(Copyright QED Environmental Systems, Dexter, MI)
Steam strippers are similar to air strippers with one exception: instead of air, they use steam to strip volatile components from a liquid stream.
Steam strippers allow for the removal of heavy soluble organic compounds that air strippers cannot remove. The temperature of these columns is usually very close to the boiling point of water.
In a typical steam stripping column, the liquid feed is introduced at the top of the column and the steam input is located at the bottom. When the liquid enters the column, it flows down the column and through the packing countercurrent to the steam. The packing enhances the stripping by increasing the amount of contact between the two streams. After leaving the column, the vapor is either distributed into the atmosphere or is collected for purification.
Steam stripping columns contain either trays or packing, depending on the application. These trays and packing are the same as those used in distillation and absorption columns.
Tray types include sieve, valve, and bubble cap. The geometry of the trays affects the extent and type of contact between the vapor and liquid streams. Downcomers channel the liquid flowing from one tray down to the tray below.
Packing types include dumped packing and stacked packing . The packing channels the liquid flowing from the top to the bottom of the column.
The operating pressure of a steam stripper can influence the efficiency and reliability of the column. At lower operating pressures, greater volatility and lower operating temperatures are achieved. Stream strippers operating a vacuum can be expensive but highly efficient; they allow the use of plastic internals to fight the effects of corrosive systems. Operating the column at or near atmospheric pressure results in higher volatilities and lower operating temperatures without the extra expense of a vacuum system. At higher operating pressures, the solubility of the solute increases and the separation becomes more difficult to perform. Also, at higher pressures, more steam input to the column is required for the same separation to occur.
Preheating the feed before it enters the column is important because it reduces the amount of heat added to the column to achieve the required separation. The feed is preheated by either a heat recovery exchanger that cross exchanges the feed without the effluent coming off of the bottoms, a steam heat exchanger that cross exchanges the feed with a steam stream, or a combination of both.
Steam stripping columns are most widely used in the recovery of solvents and solutes, and also in the removal of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from water.
Steam stripping for wastewater purification is a distillation process where over 99% of VOCs are removed from water. Some typical VOCs are benzene, toluene, xylenes, ethylbenzene, styrene, and chlorinated hydrocarbons.
The wastewater feedstream is pre-heated and put in contact with steam in a packed or tray column. Trays or packing units facilitate contact between the contaminated water and the steam stream. The combined effects of the steam and heat cause the organic materials to transfer from the liquid into the vapor phase. As contacting proceeds down the column, the vapor becomes rich in organic materials while the wastewater gets cleaner. The organic vapor leaves the column at the top and is condensed and recovered. These hydrocarbons can be recycled back into the stripper or treated with an incinerator. The purified water that leaves the bottom of the column has very low organic contaminant concentrations and it can be recycled back into the plant’s water system.
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