Sleep Teen Sex

Sleep Teen Sex
Medically Reviewed by Michael J. Breus, PhD on September 01, 2010
It may sound far-fetched, but "sexsomnia" is a real disorder. And it can wreak havoc on the lives of those who have it.
One night after lights out, a man sleeping next to his wife began doing something that troubled her deeply. After they had sex, he fell asleep -- and then masturbated. And when he awoke the next morning, he couldn't remember what he had done. This happened a few more times before the bewildered couple decided to seek help, says neurologist Michel Cramer Bornemann, MD, professor at the University of Minnesota.
The fallout from this startling episode was upsetting, he says; the woman feared she wasn't satisfying her husband sexually or emotionally. But her spouse's problem wasn't so much a relationship issue as a sleep disorder called sexsomnia.
Also called " sleep sex ," sexsomnia is a type of parasomnia, where the brain is caught in transition between sleeping and waking states. As with other parasomnias -- including sleepwalking , sleep talking , and, yes, sleep driving -- someone who is sleep sexing can seem fully awake and aware, even as they are masturbating, or fondling, initiating intercourse with, or even sexually assaulting a bed partner. But they truly are asleep. In fact, a diagnosis of sexsomnia has been used as a defense in several rape and molestation cases in recent years.
"This is very well-accepted as a diagnosis within the field of sleep medicine," says Cramer Bornemann, who is also the co-director of the Minnesota Regional Sleep Disorders Center in Minneapolis. "It's different than having a sexual dream . It's full-fledged sexual behavior while asleep."
While doctors aren't sure what causes sexsomnia, they do know that it starts after puberty and that people who sleepwalk or sleep talk are more at risk for sexsomnia than people who don't. Drinking alcohol, taking recreational drugs, suffering sleep deprivation , and experiencing stress are triggers.
Sexsomnia isn't terribly common. One study released last June found that almost 8% of 832 patients surveyed at a sleep disorders center reported having engaged in sexual activity while asleep, with men reporting it three times as often as women (11% versus 4%). Researchers think the incidence is lower among people who don't already have sleep problems. About 4% of all adults sleepwalk, for example.
In the case described above, the man ended up taking a kind of antiseizure medication commonly used for anxiety and insomnia . And because his wife continued to be distressed by her husband's behavior (and he continued to feel guilty), "it took counseling for them to truly reconcile," Cramer Bornemann says.
Diagnosed with sexsomnia? Cramer Bornemann offers treatment options:
Avoid sexsomnia triggers , including alcohol and drug use. A study found that people who use recreational drugs are twice as likely to have sexsomnia as those who don't.
Treat any underlying sleep apnea by, for instance, losing weight, quitting smoking, getting a continuous positive airway pressure machine, or having surgery. Research shows that simply getting more sleep helps reduce apnea episodes.
Be careful with sleep medication. Doctors aren't sure why, but in some cases, "some kinds of sleep medication actually activate parasomnias," Cramer Bornemann says. Talk to your doctor before starting or stopping sleep meds.
SOURCES:
Michel Cramer-Bornemann, MD, director, Minnesota Regional Sleep Disorders Center, Minneapolis.
WebMD: "Initiating Sex While Asleep? Not So Unusual."
WebMD: "Sleep Apnea Treatments."
WebMD: "Sleep Apnea: Home Treatments."
12 reasons why you're tired -- and how to fight them.
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WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

Teens and Sleep
An overview of why teens face unique sleep challenges and tips to help them sleep better
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Danielle Pacheco
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May 13, 2022

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The teenage years are a formative period. The brain and body experience significant development, and the transition to adulthood brings important changes that affect emotions, personality, social and family life, and academics.
Sleep is essential during this time, working behind the scenes to allow teens to be at their best. Unfortunately, research indicates that many teens get far less sleep than they need.
Both the National Sleep Foundation and the American Academy of Sleep Medicine agree that teens need between 8 and 10 hours of sleep per night . Getting this recommended amount of sleep can help teens maintain their physical health, emotional well-being, and school performance.
At the same time, teens face numerous challenges to getting consistent, restorative sleep. Recognizing those challenges helps teens and their parents make a plan so that teens get the sleep they need.
Sleep is vital for people of any age. For teens, though, profound mental, physical, social, and emotional development requires quality sleep 1 .
Sleep benefits the brain and promotes attention, memory, and analytical thought. It makes thinking sharper, recognizing the most important information to consolidate learning. Sleep also facilitates expansive thinking 2 that can spur creativity 3 . Whether it’s studying for a test, learning an instrument, or acquiring job skills, sleep is essential for teens 4 .
Given the importance of sleep for brain function, it’s easy to see why teens who don’t get enough sleep tend to suffer from excessive drowsiness and lack of attention 5 that can harm their academic performance 6 .
Most people have experienced how sleep can affect mood, causing irritability and exaggerated emotional reactions. Over time, the consequences can be even greater for teens who are adapting to more independence, responsibility, and new social relationships.
Prolonged sleep loss may negatively affect emotional development 7 , increasing risks for interpersonal conflict as well as more serious mental health problems 8 .
Mental health disorders like anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorder have routinely been linked to poor sleep 9 , and sleep deprivation in teens can increase the risk of suicide. Improving sleep in adolescents may play a role 10 in preventing mental health disorders or reducing their symptoms.
Sleep contributes to the effective function of virtually every system of the body. It empowers the immune system, helps regulate hormones, and enables muscle and tissue recovery.
Substantial physical development happens during adolescence and can be negatively affected by a lack of sleep. For example, researchers have found that adolescents who fail to get enough sleep have a troubling metabolic profile 11 that may put them at higher risk of diabetes and long-term cardiovascular problems.
Sleep deprivation can affect the development of the frontal lobe, a part of the brain that is critical to control impulsive behavior. Not surprisingly, numerous studies have found that teens who don’t get enough sleep are more likely to engage in high-risk behaviors 12 like drunk driving, texting while driving, riding a bicycle without a helmet, and failing to use a seatbelt. Drug and alcohol use, smoking, risky sexual behavior, fighting, and carrying a weapon have also been identified as more likely in teens who get too little sleep 13 .
Behavioral problems can have widespread effects on a teenager’s life, harming their academic performance as well as their relationships with family and friends.
Insufficient sleep in teens can make them prone to accidental injury and even death. Of particular concern is an elevated risk of accidents 14 as a result of drowsy driving . Studies have found that sleep deprivation can reduce reaction times with an effect similar to that of significant alcohol consumption 15 . In teens, the impact of drowsy driving can be amplified by a lack of driving experience and a higher rate of distracted driving 16 .
By almost all accounts, many teenagers in America are not getting the recommended 8-10 hours of sleep per night. In the 2006 Sleep in America Poll by the National Sleep Foundation, 45% of adolescents reported getting less than eight hours per night.
The problem may be getting worse. Data from four national surveys conducted from 2007-2013 found that nearly 69% of high school students got seven or fewer hours of sleep per night. Estimates place the rate of insomnia in adolescents as high as 23.8% 17 .
Insufficient sleep among teens has been found to be higher among women than men. Older teens report getting less sleep than people in early adolescence. Surveys have also found that teens who identify as Black, Asian, and multiracial have the highest rates of sleeping less than eight hours per night.
There is no single reason for sleep insufficiency among teens. Several factors contribute to this problem, and these factors may vary from teenager to teenager.
During adolescence, there is a strong tendency toward being a “night owl,” staying up later at night and sleeping longer into the morning. Experts believe this is a two-fold biological impulse affecting the circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle of teens.
First, teens have a sleep drive that builds more slowly, which means they don’t start to feel tired until later in the evening. Second, the body waits longer to start producing melatonin , which is the hormone that helps promote sleep.
If allowed to sleep on their own schedule, many teens would get eight hours or more per night, sleeping from 11 p.m. or midnight until 8 or 9 a.m., but school start times 18 in most school districts force teens to wake up much earlier in the morning. Because of the biological delay in their sleep-wake cycle, many teens simply aren’t able to fall asleep early enough to get eight or more hours of sleep and still arrive at school on time.
With reduced sleep on weekdays, teens may try to catch up by sleeping in on the weekend, but this may exacerbate their delayed sleep schedule and inconsistent nightly rest.
Teens often have their hands full. School assignments, work obligations, household chores, social life, community activities, and sports are just some of the things that can require their time and attention.
With so much to try to fit into each day, many teens don’t allocate sufficient time for sleep. They may stay up late during the week to finish homework or during the weekend when hanging out with friends, both of which can reinforce their night owl schedule.
Pressure to succeed while managing these extensive commitments can be stressful, and excess stress has been known to contribute to sleeping problems and insomnia.
Electronic devices like cell phones and tablets are ubiquitous among teens, and research, such as the 2014 Sleep in America Poll, finds that 89% or more of teens keep at least one device in their bedroom at night.
Screen time late into the evening can contribute to sleeping problems. Using these devices can keep teens’ brains wired, and incoming notifications can cause disrupted and fragmented sleep. Evidence also points to suppressed melatonin production from exposure to the light from cell phones.
Some teens have poor sleep because of an underlying sleep disorder . Adolescents can be affected 19 by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) , which causes repeated pauses in breathing during sleep. OSA frequently causes fragmented sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness.
Though less common, teens can have sleep disorders like Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) , which involves a strong urge to move the limbs when lying down, and narcolepsy , which is a disorder affecting the sleep-wake cycle.
Mental health conditions like anxiety and depression can be a challenge to quality sleep in teens as well as adults. Insufficient sleep can contribute to these conditions as well, creating a bidirectional relationship that can worsen both sleep and emotional wellness.
Neurodevelopmental disorders, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) 20 , can make it harder for teens to sleep well. Lack of sleep may also contribute to more pronounced symptoms of these conditions.
Teens who are having sleep problems should start by talking with their doctor about how much sleep they are getting and how it impacts their daily life. Their pediatrician can work to identify any underlying causes and craft the most appropriate and tailored treatment.
Depending on the cause of sleep problems, medications may be considered; however, in most cases, treatment with medications isn’t necessary for teens to get better sleep.
A beneficial step is for teens to review and improve their sleep hygiene , which includes their sleep environment a
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