Shark Fucking A Whale

Shark Fucking A Whale
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For a topical guide, see Outline of sharks .

^ " Rhincodon typus in the Paleobiology Database" . Fossilworks . Retrieved 17 December 2021 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d Pierce, S.J.; Norman, B. (2016). " Rhincodon typus " . IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 : e.T19488A2365291. doi : 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T19488A2365291.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021 .

^ "Appendices | CITES" . cites.org . Retrieved 14 January 2022 .

^ Jump up to: a b Smith, Andrew (5 November 1828). "Descriptions of New or imperfectly known Objects of the Animal Kingdom, found in the South of Africa" . The South African Commercial Advertiser . Vol. 3, no. 145 – via Center for Research Libraries Document Delivery System. Reprinted in Penrith (1972) .

^ Penrith, M. J. (1972). "Earliest Description and Name for the Whale Shark". Copeia . 1972 (2): 362. doi : 10.2307/1442501 . JSTOR 1442501 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Melville, R. V. (1981). "Opinion 1278. The Generic Name Rhincodon A. Smith, 1829 (Pisces): Conserved" . The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature . 41 (4): 215–217.

^ Smith, Andrew (1829). "Contributions to the Natural History of South Africa, &c" . The Zoological Journal . 4 : 443–444.

^ Müller, J.; Henle, J. (1841). Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen . Berlin: Veit und Comp. p. 77.

^ Jump up to: a b c d McClain CR, Balk MA, Benfield MC, Branch TA, Chen C, Cosgrove J, Dove ADM, Gaskins LC, Helm RR, Hochberg FG, Lee FB, Marshall A, McMurray SE, Schanche C, Stone SN, Thaler AD. 2015. "Sizing ocean giants: patterns of intraspecific size variation in marine megafauna". PeerJ 3:e715 doi : 10.7717/peerj.715 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d Hsu, Hua Hsun; Joung, Shoou Jeng; Hueter, Robert E.; Liu, Kwang Ming (2014). "Age and growth of the whale shark (Rhincodon typus) in the north-western Pacific" . Marine and Freshwater Research . 65 (12): 1145. doi : 10.1071/MF13330 . ISSN 1323-1650 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Colman, J. G. Froese, Ranier; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). " Rhincodon typus " . FishBase . Retrieved 17 September 2006 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Perry, Cameron T.; Figueiredo, Joana; Vaudo, Jeremy J.; Hancock, James; Rees, Richard; Shivji, Mahmood (2018). "Comparing length-measurement methods and estimating growth parameters of free-swimming whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) near the South Ari Atoll, Maldives" . Marine and Freshwater Research . 69 (10): 1487. doi : 10.1071/MF17393 . ISSN 1323-1650 .

^ Martin, R. Aidan. "Rhincodon or Rhiniodon? A Whale Shark by Any Other Name" . ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research.

^ Brunnschweiler, J. M.; Baensch, H.; Pierce, S. J.; Sims, D. W. (3 February 2009). "Deep-diving behaviour of a whale shark Rhincodon typus during long-distance movement in the western Indian Ocean". Journal of Fish Biology . 74 (3): 706–14. doi : 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.02155.x . PMID 20735591 .

^ Compagno, L. J. V. "Species Fact Sheet, Rhincodon typus " . Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations . Retrieved 19 September 2006 .

^ "Whale Sharks, Rhincodon typus" . MarineBio.org . Retrieved 17 May 2018 .

^ Kaikini, A. S.; Ramamohana Rao, V.; Dhulkhed, M. H. (1959). "A note on the whale shark Rhincodon typus Smith, stranded off Mangalore" . Central Marine Fisheries Research Unit, Mangalore .

^ Norman, Brad (2002). CITES identification manual . Environment Australia. ISBN 0-642-54900-1 . OCLC 54364165 .

^ Tomita, Taketeru; Murakumo, Kiyomi; Komoto, Shinya; Dove, Alistair; Kino, Masakatsu; Miyamoto, Kei; Toda, Minoru (29 June 2020). "Armored eyes of the whale shark" . PLOS ONE . 15 (6): e0235342. Bibcode : 2020PLoSO..1535342T . doi : 10.1371/journal.pone.0235342 . ISSN 1932-6203 . PMC 7323965 . PMID 32598385 .

^ McGreevy, Nora. "Whale Sharks Have Tiny Teeth on Their Eyeballs" . Smithsonian Magazine .

^ Read, Timothy D.; Petit, Robert A.; Joseph, Sandeep J.; Alam, Md. Tauqeer; Weil, M. Ryan; Ahmad, Maida; Bhimani, Ravila; Vuong, Jocelyn S.; Haase, Chad P. (December 2017). "Draft sequencing and assembly of the genome of the world's largest fish, the whale shark: Rhincodon typus Smith 1828" . BMC Genomics . 18 (1): 532. doi : 10.1186/s12864-017-3926-9 . ISSN 1471-2164 . PMC 5513125 . PMID 28709399 .

^ Womersley, Freya; Hancock, James; Perry, Cameron T.; Rowat, David (February 2021). "Wound-healing capabilities of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) and implications for conservation management" . Conservation Physiology . 9 (1): coaa120. doi : 10.1093/conphys/coaa120 . PMC 7859907 . PMID 33569175 .

^ Jump up to: a b Meekan, Mark G.; Taylor, Brett M.; Lester, Emily; Ferreira, Luciana C.; Sequeira, Ana M. M.; Dove, Alistair D. M.; Birt, Matthew J.; Aspinall, Alex; Brooks, Kim; Thums, Michele (2020). "Asymptotic Growth of Whale Sharks Suggests Sex-Specific Life-History Strategies" . Frontiers in Marine Science . 7 . doi : 10.3389/fmars.2020.575683 . ISSN 2296-7745 . S2CID 221712078 .

^ Jump up to: a b Wintner, Sabine P. (2000). "Preliminary Study of Vertebral Growth Rings in the Whale Shark, Rhincodon typus, from the East Coast of South Africa". Environmental Biology of Fishes . 59 (4): 441–451. doi : 10.1023/A:1026564707027 . S2CID 20461057 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d Ong, Joyce J. L.; Meekan, Mark G.; Hsu, Hua Hsun; Fanning, L. Paul; Campana, Steven E. (6 April 2020). "Annual Bands in Vertebrae Validated by Bomb Radiocarbon Assays Provide Estimates of Age and Growth of Whale Sharks" . Frontiers in Marine Science . 7 . doi : 10.3389/fmars.2020.00188 .

^ Jump up to: a b Colman, J. G. (1997). "A review of the biology and ecology of the whale shark". Journal of Fish Biology . 51 (6): 1219–1234. doi : 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb01138.x . ISSN 1095-8649 . PMID 29991171 .

^ Jump up to: a b Stevens, J. D. (1 March 2007). "Whale shark (Rhincodon typus) biology and ecology: A review of the primary literature". Fisheries Research . Whale Sharks: Science, Conservation and Management. 84 (1): 4–9. doi : 10.1016/j.fishres.2006.11.008 . ISSN 0165-7836 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Rowat, D.; Brooks, K. S. (2012). "A review of the biology, fisheries and conservation of the whale shark Rhincodon typus" . Journal of Fish Biology . 80 (5): 1019–1056. doi : 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03252.x . ISSN 1095-8649 . PMID 22497372 . S2CID 7243391 .

^ Norman, Bradley M.; Stevens, John D. (1 March 2007). "Size and maturity status of the whale shark (Rhincodon typus) at Ningaloo Reef in Western Australia" . Fisheries Research . Whale Sharks: Science, Conservation and Management. 84 (1): 81–86. doi : 10.1016/j.fishres.2006.11.015 . ISSN 0165-7836 .

^ Rohner, C. A.; Richardson, A. J.; Marshall, A. D.; Weeks, S. J.; Pierce, S. J. (2011). "How large is the world's largest fish? Measuring whale sharks Rhincodon typus with laser photogrammetry" . Journal of Fish Biology . 78 (1): 378–385. doi : 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02861.x . PMID 21235570 . S2CID 6882935 .

^ Wright, E. Perceval (2011). Six months at the Seychelles: letter to A. Searle Hart, LL. D., S.F.T.C.D . British Library, Historical Print Editions. ISBN 9781241491611 . OCLC 835888086 .

^ Smith, H. M. (13 November 1925). "A Whale Shark (Rhineodon) in the Gulf of Siam". Science . 62 (1611): 438. Bibcode : 1925Sci....62..438S . doi : 10.1126/science.62.1611.438 . ISSN 0036-8075 . PMID 17732228 .

^ Gudger, E. W. (1938). "Whale Sharks Rammed by Ocean Vessels: How These Sluggish Leviathans Aid in Their Own Destruction". New England Naturalist . New England Museum of Natural History: Boston Society of Natural History. 1–15 . OCLC 1759776 .

^ Maniguet, Xavier (1992). The Jaws of Death: Shark as Predator, Man as Prey . HarperCollins Publishers Limited. ISBN 978-0-00-219960-5 .

^ Eckert, Scott A.; Stewart, Brent S. (1 February 2001). "Telemetry and Satellite Tracking of Whale Sharks, Rhincodon Typus, in the Sea of Cortez, Mexico, and the North Pacific Ocean". Environmental Biology of Fishes . 60 (1): 299–308. doi : 10.1023/A:1007674716437 . ISSN 1573-5133 . S2CID 22173382 .

^ Katkar, B.N. (1996). "Turtles and whale shark landed along ratnagiri coast, maharashtra" . Marine Fisheries Information Service . 141 : 20.

^ Venkatesan, V; Ramamurthy, N; Boominathan, N; Gandhi, A (2008). "Stranding of a whale shark, Rhincodon typus (smith) at Pamban, Gulf of Mannar" (PDF) . Marine Fisheries Information Service . 198 : 19–22.

^ Borrell, Asunción; Aguilar, Alex; Gazo, Manel; Kumarran, R. P.; Cardona, Luis (2011). "Stable isotope profiles in whale shark (Rhincodon typus) suggest segregation and dissimilarities in the diet depending on sex and size". Environmental Biology of Fishes . 92 (4): 559–567. doi : 10.1007/s10641-011-9879-y . ISSN 0378-1909 . S2CID 37683420 .

^ Hasan, Saad (10 February 2012). "Experts to cut up 40.1-foot long whale shark today" . The Express Tribune .

^ Jump up to: a b c d Pierce, S.J.; Norman, Brad (18 March 2016). "Whale Shark" . IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . IUCN . Retrieved 28 November 2020 .

^ Pain, Stephanie (31 May 2022). "Call of the deep" . Knowable Magazine . Annual Reviews. doi : 10.1146/knowable-052622-3 . Retrieved 6 June 2022 .

^ Public Library of Science (18 November 2015). "Whale sharks in Gulf of Mexico swim near the surface, take deep dives" . phys.org . Retrieved 6 June 2022 .

^ Howard, Brian C. (28 June 2016). "Whale Sharks Move in Mysterious Ways: Watch Them Online" . National Geographic Society . Retrieved 12 August 2016 .

^ "Drive to conserve whale shark" . The Hindu . 30 August 2017 – via www.thehindu.com.

^ Kaushik, Himanshu (30 August 2014). "Whale sharks found off Gujarat coast no expats, they are Indian" . The Times of India . Retrieved 12 May 2016 .

^ Dekker, Stefanie (17 July 2020). " 'What a privilege': Swimming with endangered whale sharks in Qatar" . Aljazeera . Retrieved 28 July 2020 .

^ de la Parra Venegas, Rafael; Hueter, Robert; Cano, Jaime González; Tyminski, John; Remolina, José Gregorio; Maslanka, Mike; Ormos, Andrea; Weigt, Lee; Carlson, Bruce; Dove, Alistair (29 April 2011). "An Unprecedented Aggregation of Whale Sharks, Rhincodon typus , in Mexican Coastal Waters of the Caribbean Sea" . PLOS ONE . 4. 6 (4): e18994. Bibcode : 2011PLoSO...618994D . doi : 10.1371/journal.pone.0018994 . PMC 3084747 . PMID 21559508 .

^ Dove, Alistair (27 January 2015), Yucatan Whale Sharks Swimming in Troubled Waters , archived from the original on 7 November 2017

^ Clingham, Elizabeth; Brown, Judith; Henry, Leeann; Beard, Annalea; Dove, Alistair D (2016). Evidence that St. Helena island is an important multi-use habitat for whale sharks, Rhincodon typus , with the first description of putative mating in this species . doi : 10.7287/peerj.preprints.1885v1 . OCLC 8162956757 .

^ "Attempted Whale Shark Mating Caught on Camera for the First Time in History" . livescience.com . 24 June 2019.

^ Joung, Shoou-Jeng; et al. (July 1996). "The whale shark, Rhincodon typus , is a livebearer: 300 embryos found in one 'megamamma' supreme". Environ. Biol. Fish . 46 (3): 219–223. doi : 10.1007/BF00004997 . S2CID 22250254 .

^ Clark, Eugenie . "Frequently Asked Questions" . Sharklady. Archived from the original on 5 March 2001 . Retrieved 26 September 2006 .

^ Schmidt, Jennifer V.; Chen, Chien-Chi; Sheikh, Saad I.; Meekan, Mark G.; Norman, Bradley M.; Joung, Shoou-Jeng (4 August 2010). "Paternity analysis in a litter of whale shark embryos" . Endangered Species Research . 12 (2): 117–124. doi : 10.3354/esr00300 .

^ "Tiny whale shark rescued – World news – World environment" . Associated Press via NBC News . 2009.

^ "St Helena whale sharks cause stir in Atlanta" . South Atlantic Media Services. 14 November 2013 . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . [ dead link ]

^ " 'Largest number in years': Over 100 new whale sharks spotted in Donsol" . Rappler.com. 30 August 2019 . Retrieved 4 March 2020 .

^ Morelle, Rebecca (17 November 2008). "Shark-cam captures ocean motion" . BBC News . Retrieved 30 July 2009 .

^ Jump up to: a b Jurassic Shark (2000) documentary by Jacinth O'Donnell; broadcast on Discovery Channel , 5 August 2006

^ Motta, Philip J.; et al. (2010). "Feeding anatomy, filter-feeding rate, and diet of whale sharks Rhincodon typus during surface ram filter feeding off the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico" (PDF) . Zoology . 113 (4): 199–212. doi : 10.1016/j.zool.2009.12.001 . PMID 20817493 .

^ Jump up to: a b Martin, R. Aidan. "Elasmo Research" . ReefQuest . Retrieved 17 September 2006 .

^ "Whale shark" . Ichthyology at the Florida Museum of Natural History. 11 May 2017. Archived from the original on 5 September 2006 . Retrieved 17 September 2006 .

^ Schmidt, Jennifer V. (4 December 2010). "Whale Sharks are BIG eaters!" . The Shark Research Institute. Archived from the original on 5 May 2015 . Retrieved 24 April 2016 .

^ "Rhincodon typus (whale shark)" . Animal Diversity Web . Retrieved 1 September 2016 .

^ Yong, Mila Mi Hua; Leistenschneider, Clara; Miranda, Joni Anne; Paler, Maria Kristina; Legaspi, Christine; Germanov, Elitza; Araujo, Gonzalo; Burkhardt-Holm, Patricia; Erni-Cassola, Gabriel (2021). "Microplastics in fecal samples of whale sharks ( Rhincodon typus ) and from surface water in the Philippines". Microplastics and Nanoplastics . 1 (1): 17. doi : 10.1186/s43591-021-00017-9 .

^ Jump up to: a b Compagno, Leonard J. V. (26 April 2002). Sharks of the World: An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date: Bullhead, Mackerel and Carpet Sharks . Vol. 2. Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). ISBN 978-92-5-104543-5 .

^ "Favorite Wins of 2013" . Break.com . p. 1:24. Archived from the original on 26 August 2014 . Retrieved 24 September 2014 .

^ Robbins J. (18 July 2017). Watch Iranian fisherman 'surf' on top of a whale shark across the Persian Gulf . International Business Times . Retrieved on 29 September 2017

^ Whitehead, Darren Andrew (2014) Establishing a quantifiable model of whale shark avoidance behaviours to anthropogenic impacts in tourism encounters to inform management actions , University of Hertfordshire.

^ Jump up to: a b Pictures of the Day: Tuesday, Aug. 04, 2009 . Time magazine , "A 40-foot whale shark and a brave snorkeler swim off the South African coast."

^ Hawes, Craig (2 April 2013) Snorkelling with whale sharks in Djibouti . gulfnews.com

^ Womersley, Freya C.; et al. (2022). "Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world's largest fish, the whale shark" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 119 (20). doi : 10.1073/pnas.2117440119 . PMID 35533277 .

^ Duffy, Clinton A. J.; Francis, Malcolm; Dunn, M. R.; Finucci, Brit; Ford, Richard; Hitchmough, Rod; Rolfe, Jeremy (2018). Conservation status of New Zealand chondrichthyans (chimaeras, sharks and rays), 2016 (PDF) . Wellington, New Zealand: Department of Conservation. p. 11. ISBN 9781988514628 . OCLC 1042901090 .

^ "Memorandum of understanding on the conservation of migratory sharks" (PDF) . Convention on migratory species. p. 10 . Retrieved 13 February 2012 .

^ Whale Sharks Receive Protection in the Philippines Archived 16 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine . hayop.0catch.com. 27 March 1998

^ National Regulations on Whale Shark fishing . Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities.

^ COA bans fishing for whale sharks . Taipei Times, 27 May 2007, p. 4.

^ Handwerk, Brian (24 September 2010) Whale Sharks Killed, Displaced by Gulf Oil? National Geographic News.

^ Whale shark . cites.org

^ Hilton/Greenpeace, Paul (5 February 2014). "Hundreds of sharks killed in China" . ABC News .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e Matsumoto; Toda; Matsumoto; Ueda; Nakazato; Sato; Uchida (2017). "Notes on Husbandry of Whale Sharks, Rhincodon typus, in Aquaria". In Smith, Mark; Warmolts; Thoney; Hueter; Murray; Ezcurra (eds.). The Elasmobranch Husbandry Manual II . Ohio Biological Survey. pp. 15–22. ISBN 9780867271676 . OCLC 1001957014 .

^ "Whale Shark's Death Sparks Debate" . wsbtv. 30 November 2007. Archived from the original on 25 March 2010.

^ Jump up to: a b c Moore, M. (25 October 2010). "Conservationists round on Chinese whale shark aquarium" . The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022 . Retrieved 8 November 2017 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Mollet, H. (September 2012). "Whale Shark Rhincodon typus Smith, 1828 in Captivity" . Retrieved 8 November 2017 .

^ "令和二年度沖縄美ら海水族館年報" (PDF) . Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium . Retrieved 28 May 2021 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Schreiber, C; Coco, C (2017). "Husbandry of Whale Sharks". In Smith, Mark; Warmolts; Thoney; Hueter; Murray; Ezcurra (eds.). The Elasmobranch Husbandry Manual II . Ohio Biological Survey. pp. 87–98. ISBN 9780867271676 . OCLC 1001957014 .

^ "Dubai hotel releases whale shark back into the wild" . Associated Press. 20 March 2010. Archived from the original on 7 August 2015.

^ Bennett; Kaiser; Selvan; Hueter; Tyminski; Lötter (2017). "Rescue, Rehabilitation and Release of a Whale Shark, Rhincodon typus, in the Arabian Gulf". In Smith, Mark; Warmolts; Thoney; Hueter; Murray; Ezcurra (eds.). The Elasmobranch Husbandry Manual II . Ohio Biological Survey. pp. 229–235. ISBN 9780867271676 . OCLC 1001957014 .

^ Chua, G. (16 May 2009). "No whale sharks at Sentosa IR" . Wild Singapore News . Retrieved 8 November 2017 .

^ "Resorts World considering alternatives to whale shark exhibit" . AsianOne Travel. 16 May 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2013.

^ "Aquarium gains two new whale sharks" . CNN. 1 June 2007. Archived from the original on 3 June 2007 . Retrieved 1 June 2007 .

^ Jump up to: a b Sundquist, T. (18 September 2013). "Transporting the World's Largest Fish: A Whale [Shark] of a Task" . Promega Connections . Retrieved 8 November 2017 .

^ Briggs, Helen (17 May 2018). "Madagascar emerges as whale shark hotspot" . BBC News . Retrieved 12 September 2018 .

^ Ocean Ambassadors – Sharks . Oneocean.org. Retrieved 23 May 2013.

^ Cannon, Marisa (21 July 2015). "Swimming with whale sharks in the Philippines" . cnn.com . CNN . Retrieved 16 August 2015 .

^ "Whale Shark" . Discovery.com. 5 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2009 . Retrieved 3 November 2011 .

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