Sex Work Vk

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Sex Work Vk
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Offer of sexual services in exchange for money or other types of exchange
  Decriminalization – No criminal penalties for prostitution
  Legalization (regulation) – Prostitution legal and regulated
  Abolitionism – Prostitution is legal, but organized activities such as brothels and pimping are illegal; prostitution is not regulated
  Neo-abolitionism ( Nordic model ) – Illegal to buy sex and for 3rd party involvement, legal to sell sex
  Prohibitionism – Prostitution illegal in all aspects (selling and buying)

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^ Who are sex workers

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^ Grant, Melissa Gira (18 February 2013). "When Prostitution Wasn't a Crime: The Fascinating History of Sex Work in America" . AlterNet . Archived from the original on 20 August 2018 . Retrieved 31 May 2018 .

^ Blanshard, Paul (October 1942). "Negro Deliquency in New York". The Journal of Educational Sociology . 16 (2): 115–123. doi : 10.2307/2262442 . JSTOR 2262442 .

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^ "Impact of COVID-19 on Sex Workers in Europe" . Global Network of Sex Work Projects . 6 July 2020.

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^ Bromfield, Nicole F.; Panichelli, Meg; Capous-Desyllas, Moshoula (May 2021). "At the Intersection of COVID-19 and Sex Work in the United States: A Call for Social Work Action" . Affilia . 36 (2): 140–148. doi : 10.1177/0886109920985131 . ISSN 0886-1099 . S2CID 232357870 .

^ NSWP (2010-11-26). "17 December: International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers" . Global Network of Sex Work Projects . Retrieved 2021-04-08 .

^ NSWP (2017-05-11). "International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers" . Global Network of Sex Work Projects . Retrieved 2021-04-08 .

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^ Jump up to: a b "Sex workers turned to OnlyFans, but so did a lot of amateurs" . Marketplace . Retrieved 2021-04-08 .

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^ Jump up to: a b c Hochschild, Arlie Russell (1983). The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling . University of California Press. ISBN 9780520054547 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e Frank, Katherine (2002). G-Strings and Sympathy: Strip Club Regulars and Male Desire . Duke University Press. ISBN 9780822329725 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Sanders, T. (2005). " 'It's Just Acting': Sex Workers' Strategies for Capitalizing of Sexuality". Gender, Work and Organization . 12 (4): 319–342. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.622.3543 . doi : 10.1111/j.1468-0432.2005.00276.x .

^ Trautner, M. (2005). "Doing Gender, Doing Class: the Performance of Sexuality in Exotic Dance Clubs" . Gender and Society . 19 (6): 771–788. doi : 10.1177/0891243205277253 . S2CID 17217211 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e Brewis, Joanna; Linstead, Stephen (2003). Sex, Work and Sex Work: Eroticizing Organization . Routledge. ISBN 9781134621774 .

^ Duberman, Amanda (2018-02-13). "Meet The Dominatrix Who Requires The Men Who Hire Her To Read Black Feminist Theory" . Huffington Post . Retrieved 20 April 2018 .

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^ Puri, Nitasha; Shannon, Kate; Nguyen, Paul; Goldenberg, Shira M. (2017-12-19). "Burden and correlates of mental health diagnoses among sex workers in an urban setting" . BMC Women's Health . 17 (1): 133. doi : 10.1186/s12905-017-0491-y . ISSN 1472-6874 . PMC 5735638 . PMID 29258607 .

^ Jump up to: a b Sawicki, Danielle A.; Meffert, Brienna N.; Read, Kate; Heinz, Adrienne J. (2019). "Culturally Competent Health Care for Sex Workers: An Examination of Myths That Stigmatize Sex-Work and Hinder Access to Care" . Sexual and Relationship Therapy . 34 (3): 355–371. doi : 10.1080/14681994.2019.1574970 . ISSN 1468-1994 . PMC 6424363 . PMID 30899197 .

^ Socías, M. Eugenia; Shoveller, Jean; Bean, Chili; Nguyen, Paul; Montaner, Julio; Shannon, Kate (2016-05-16). Beck, Eduard J (ed.). "Universal Coverage without Universal Access: Institutional Barriers to Health Care among Women Sex Workers in Vancouver, Canada" . PLOS ONE . 11 (5): e0155828. Bibcode : 2016PLoSO..1155828S . doi : 10.1371/journal.pone.0155828 . ISSN 1932-6203 . PMC 4868318 . PMID 27182736 .

^ National Center for Biotechnology Information; U.S. National Library of Medicine (December 2012). NSWP GLOBAL SEX WORKER CONSULTATION . World Health Organization.

^ Taylor, Anna Kathryn; Mastrocola, Emma; Chew-Graham, Carolyn A. (2016-06-01). "How can general practice respond to the needs of street-based prostitutes?" . British Journal of General Practice . 66 (647): 323–324. doi : 10.3399/bjgp16X685501 . ISSN 0960-1643 . PMC 4871300 . PMID 27231303 .

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Sex work is "the exchange of sexual services , performances, or products for material compensation. [1] [2] It includes activities of direct physical contact between buyers and sellers as well as indirect sexual stimulation". [3] Sex work only refers to voluntary sexual transactions; thus the term does not refer to human trafficking and other coerced or nonconsensual sexual transactions such as child prostitution . The transaction must take place between consenting adults who are of the legal age and mental capacity to consent and must take place without any methods of coercion, other than payment. [4] [5] The term emphasizes the labor and economic implications of this type of work. Furthermore, some prefer the use of the term because it grants more agency to the sellers of these services.

Due to the legal status of some forms of sex work and the stigma associated with sex work, the population is difficult to access; thus there has been relatively little academic research done on the topic. Furthermore, the vast majority of academic literature on sex work focuses on prostitution , and to a lesser extent, exotic dancing ; there is little research on other forms of sex work. These findings cannot necessarily be generalized to other forms of sex work. Nonetheless, there is a long documented history of sex work and its personal and economic nature.

In 2004, a Medline search and review of 681 "prostitution" articles was conducted in order to create a global typology of types of sex work using arbitrary categories. 25 types of sex work were identified in order to create a more systematic understanding of sex work as a whole. Prostitution varies by forms and social contexts including different types of direct and indirect prostitution. This study as conducted in order to work towards improving the health and safety of sex workers . [6]

Types of sex work include various consensual sexual services or erotic performances, [7] involving varying degrees of physical contact with clients:

Full criminalization [ citation needed ] of sex work is the most widely practiced legal strategy for regulating transactional sex. [11] Full criminalization is practiced in China, Russia, and the majority of countries in Africa. In the United States, in which each state has its own criminal code , full contact sex work is illegal everywhere, sex work using a condom is legal only in parts of Nevada; non-contact sex work is a gray and confused area. Under full criminalization the seller, buyer, and any third party involved is subject to criminal penalties. This includes anyone who profits from commercial sex in any location or physical setting. Criminalization has been linked to higher rates of sexually transmitted infections , partner violence, and police harassment. [12] Fear of legal ramifications can deter sex workers from seeking proper sexual health care services, and discourage them from reporting crimes of which they were the victim. According to research conducted by Human Rights Watch , criminalization makes sex workers more vulnerable to rape, murder, and discrimination due to their marginalized position and ability to be prosecuted by the police even if they come forward as a victim. [13]

Partial criminalization [ citation needed ] allows for the legalization of both the buying and selling of sex between two consenting parties but prohibits the commercial selling of sex within brothels or public settings such as street solicitation. This has the unintended consequence that it criminalizes the coalition of sex workers, forcing them to work alone and in less safe conditions. Partial criminalization ranges from a variety of legal models such as abolitionism, neo-abolitionism and the Swedish-Nordic Model . [ citation needed ]

Legalization is currently practiced in parts of South America, Australia, Europe, and in certain counties in the U.S. state of Nevada. The Red Light District in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, is an example of full legalization, where all aspects of sex work are allowed as long as they are registered with the government. Since the registration process is often expensive and time-consuming, requires legal residence, and may involve regular medical exams, the most marginalized sex workers have to remain illegal, and usually charge less, because they cannot comply with the regulations. This is most common among minority groups, immigrants, and low-income workers. [14]

Decriminalization is the most supported solution by sex workers themselves. [14] Decriminalization is the only legal solution that offers no criminalization of any party involved in the sex work industry and additionally has no restrictions on who can legally participate in sex work. The decriminalization of sex work would not remove any legal penalties condemning human trafficking. There is no reliable evidence to suggest that decriminalization of sex work would encourage human trafficking. [4] New Zealand was the first country to decriminalize sex work in 2003, with the passage of the Prostitution Reform Act. [15] This is the most advocated for by sex workers because it allows them the most negotiating power with their clients. With full protection under the law they have the ability to determine their wages, method of protection, and protect themselves from violent offenders. Sex work is one of the oldest professions in existence and even though sex work is criminalized in most places in order to regulate it, the profession has hardly changed at all over time. Those who work in sex trade are more likely to be exploited, trafficked, and victims of assault when sex work is criminalized. [16] Starting in August 2015, Amnesty International, a global movement free of political, religious, or economic interests to protect people from abuse, introduced a policy that requested that all countries decriminalized sex work. [17] [18] A
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