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Elementary
The Red-headed League - Conan Doyle
One Saturday morning I went to visit my friend Sherlock Holmes, but he already had a visitor. His visitor was a large man with a red face, small eyes and bright red hair.
'I see you're busy, Holmes. I'll come back another time,' I said. 'You came at the perfect time, my dear Watson,' said Holmes warmly.
'I am busy, very busy,' he replied.
'No!' said Holmes, and he turned to the visitor. 'Dr Watson helped me in many of my most successful cases, Mr Wilson. I am sure he can help me with your case, too.'
The large gentleman got up from his chair and said, 'I'm very pleased to meet you, Dr Watson.' Then we all sat down.
'I know you like unusual, difficult cases, Watson, and this case is very unusual. Mr Wilson, please tell your story to Dr Watson.' Mr Wilson took an old, dirty newspaper out of his pocket and began looking at the advertisements in it. I watched him carefully. From his clothes I saw that he was an ordinary British shopkeeper.
Holmes saw me watching the old man. He smiled-and said, 'I see you're trying to be a detective, Watson. Well, it's clear that Mr Wilson was a workman in the past and he also lived in China for some time. Recently, he did a lot of writing.'
Mr Wilson was very surprised. 'How do you know all of these things, Mr Holmes? You are right — in the past I was a workman.'
'Your hands show it, Mr Wilson,' Holmes said. 'Your right hand is bigger than your left. You used your right hand a lot.'
'But how did you know that I wrote a lot recently?'
'I looked at the sleeves of your shirt, Mr Wilson. The material of the right sleeve is much thinner. That shows you were writing at a desk.'
'And how did you know that I lived in China?'
'You have a tattoo of a pink fish on your right hand. That tattoo is only done in China. You see, I like studying tattoos. And there is a Chinese coin on your watch chain.'
Mr Wilson laughed loudly and said, 'At first I thought you were extremely clever, but perhaps it wasn't so difficult after all!'
Holmes looked at me and said, 'Sometimes I think that it's better not to explain my methods, dear Watson.'
He turned to Mr Wilson and said, 'Did you find the advertisement?'
'Yes, here it is,' he said, pointing to it with his big, red finger. It was an advertisement in the Morning Chronicle of two months before.
Pay: four pounds a week. Work: office-based.
Job only open to people with red hair. Come to Red-Headed League offices, 7 Pope's Court, Fleet Street, London at 11 o'clock, Monday morning. DUNCAN ROSS
'What does it mean?' I said, after reading this strange advertisement twice.
Holmes laughed happily. 'It's very unusual, Watson, isn't it? And now, Mr Wilson, please tell us everything about yourself, your home, your work and this Red-Headed League.'
'Well, I have a shop below my house at Saxe-Coburg Square in London. It isn't a very big business and I don't make much money now. I only have one assistant in the shop. Luckily he wants to learn the business, so he accepts half pay.'
'What is your young assistant's name?' asked Holmes.
'His name is Vincent Spaulding, but he's not very young. He's an excellent worker and he can make more money in another shop, but he's happy with me.'
'It's unusual to have an excellent assistant,' said Holmes. 'Tell me more about him.'
'Spaulding loves photography and spends a lot of time in the cellar developing his pictures. He's sometimes in there for hours! But he's a very good worker.'
'Are there any servants in your home?'
'There's a young girl. She cooks and cleans the house. She,
Spaulding and I are the only people in the house. My wife is dead and I have no children.
'About two months ago Spaulding came into my office with this newspaper in his hand and said, «I'm sorry my hair isn't red!» 'I asked him why and he said, «Well, with red hair I can get an easy job and make a lot of money. Look at this advertisement! The Red-Headed League is a club for men with red hair and it's offering a job to men with red hair. You should apply for the job — you have bright red hair!»
'He said, «Four pounds a week, and you can easily continue working here.»
'Well, Mr Holmes, two hundred pounds a year is very useful to me. So I asked Spaulding for more information. He showed me the advertisement and said, «I've heard that the club's money came from a rich American, Ezekiah Hopkins. He was a strange man with red hair. He died and left all of his money to the Red-Headed League. The money is used to give easy jobs to men with red hair.»
'«But thousands of men have red hair!» I said. «I can never get the job.»
'«No, Mr Wilson,» said Spaulding. «The Red-Headed League gives jobs only to people from London. Ezekiah Hopkins was born in London and he loved this city. Also, only men with bright red hair can get these jobs. The club doesn't accept men with dark red hair or light red hair. You can get the job easily!»'
I decided to ask Spaulding to come with me to the Red-Headed League's offices,' said Mr Wilson. 'I closed the shop for the day and we went to Fleet Street. Spaulding was happy to have a holiday.
'Fleet Street was full of red-haired men, and Pope's Court looked like a basket of oranges. But few men had bright red hair like mine. Spaulding pushed through all the people and we got to the office. There was little furniture — two uncomfortable chairs, a kitchen table and a bookcase. A small man with bright red hair sat at the table and spoke to lots of red-headed men. He said «No» to all of them, and then he talked to me. He was friendly and closed the door of the office behind us.
'«This is Mr Jabez Wilson,» said my assistant, «and he would like the job in the League.»
"'His hair looks fine," the man said, «but is it real? We must be careful.
'He suddenly took my hair in his hands and pulled it. I cried out because he hurt me. „You have real tears in your eyes — this means your hair is real. Congratulations — the job is yours!“
'He shook my hand I warmly and said, „My name is Duncan Ross and I am the Secretary of the League. When can you begin?“
'»Well, I have a business already," I said.
'«Oh, don't worry about that, Mr Wilson!» said my assistant. «I can look after the shop for you.»
'«What are the working hours?» I asked Mr Ross.
'«From ten o'clock in the morning until two o'clock in the afternoon.»
'You see, Mr Holmes, I do most of my work in the evening. I could easily work for Mr Ross in the morning. And I knew Spaulding could look after the business in the morning.
'«Those hours are fine,» I said happily. «What must I do?»
'«Your job is to copy the Encyclopaedia Britannica. You must bring your own pen, ink and paper. And you must never leave the office until two o'clock. Can you start tomorrow?»
'The next morning I bought some paper and started working at Pope's Court. Mr Ross showed me the beginning of the letter «A» in the encyclopaedia and then he left. Every day I finished work at two o'clock. Each week Mr Ross gave me four pounds in gold. This continued for about eight weeks and I nearly finished copying the letter «A». Then, suddenly, everything ended.'
'Yes, it happened this morning. I went to work at ten o'clock but the door was locked. There was a notice on the door that said:
Sherlock Holmes and I started laughing.
'I can't see anything funny!' said Mr Wilson angrily. 'If you think this is funny, I'll leave!'
'No, no!' cried Holmes. 'Your case is very unusual, but there is something a bit funny about it. Please, Mr Wilson, continue.'
'I asked the people in the building but no one knew about Mr Duncan Ross or the Red-Headed League. I was angry and confused.'
'What did you do then?' asked Holmes.
'I went home to Saxe-Coburg Square and told Spaulding. He was surprised and did not know what to say. So I decided to come to you, Mr Holmes, because I don't want to lose four pounds a week!'
'This is possibly a very serious case,' said Holmes.
'Of course it's a serious case, I'm losing four pounds a week!'
'You can't be too angry, Mr Wilson, the League paid you thirty-two pounds for eight weeks' work. And you learnt many things about the letter «A» in the encyclopaedia. Now, I'd like to ask you some questions. When did Vincent Spaulding start working for you?'
'He's small but not thin, and he moves quickly. He's about thirty years old and has a white mark just above his eyes.'
'A white mark!' he cried. 'And does he have little holes in his ears for earrings?'
'Hmmm,' said Holmes, sitting back in his chair. 'Well, Mr Wilson, I want to think about this case. Today is Saturday — on Monday I'll have an answer.'
'Well, Watson,' said Holmes when our visitor left, 'what do you think of this strange case?'
'I don't know, Holmes. It's very mysterious and confusing.'
'Yes, I agree,' replied Holmes. 'I must work hard on this case.'
'I'm going to smoke my pipe. Please don't speak to me for fifty minutes.' Holmes sat down in his chair, closed his eyes and started smoking his old black pipe.
'Holmes is probably sleeping,' I thought. But then he suddenly jumped up and put his pipe down on the table.
'There is a concert of classical music at St James's Hall this afternoon,' Holmes said. 'Let's go and listen!'
'Good! Put on your hat and come. I want to have some lunch first.'
We went to see Saxe-Coburg Square — it was quite poor and ugly. There was some grass in the middle of the square and old houses around it. One of them had a shop window and shop door, as well as a house door. Outside the shop we saw a sign with the name JABEZ WILSON painted in big white letters. This was Mr Wilson's shop.
Holmes stopped and looked at the shop for a moment. Then he stood in front of the shop, and hit the large stones of the street with his walking stick. Finally he knocked on the shop door.
A young man opened the door immediately.
'Can you tell me the way to the Strand?' asked Holmes.
'Third right, fourth left,' answered the assistant quickly.
'A very clever man!' said Holmes, as we walked away.
'No, but I looked at the knees of his trousers.'
'And why did you hit the stones of the street?'
'My dear doctor, this is a time for looking, not for talking. Let's go and look at the street behind the square.'
We left the square and we were soon in one of the noisiest streets in London. We saw a bakery, a newspaper shop, a restaurant and an office of the City and Suburban Bank.
'We did our work well, Watson,' said Holmes. 'Now let's have some lunch, and then go to the concert.' Holmes was a very good musician and he loved concerts.
After the concert he said, 'Do you want to go home now, Watson?'
'I have many things to do,' he said. 'This case at Saxe-Coburg Square is serious. Someone is planning a serious crime, but I think we can stop it. Let's meet tonight.'
'Good! There will possibly be danger tonight so bring your gun.' He waved his hand and walked off.
I was quite confused about this case but Holmes, of course, was not. I saw and I heard exactly the same things as Holmes saw and heard, but he seemed to understand everything — and I understood nothing. I thought about it for a long time but everything was still a mystery to me.
When I arrived at ten o'clock, there were two carriages outside the door at Baker Street. Two visitors were there too: a policeman called Peter Jones, and a tall, thin man with a sad face and dark clothes.
'Watson, I think you know Mr Jones? Let me introduce you to Mr Merryweather, the director of the City and Suburban Bank.
He is going to be part of our adventure tonight.'
'I hope you're right, Mr Holmes,' said Mr Merryweather, 'because I didn't go to my usual card game with my friends this evening. And I have never missed my card game in thirty-seven years!
'I think this will be an exciting night, Mr Merryweather,' said Holmes. 'You are going to save thirty thousand pounds. And you, Jones, are going to catch a terrible criminal.'
'John Clay, the murderer and bank robber!' exclaimed Jones. 'He's young but he's the cleverest and most dangerous criminal in England. His grandfather was a king's brother, and he is an Oxford University man.'
'It's time to go now,' said Holmes looking at his watch. 'Mr Merryweather, please go with Mr Jones in the first carriage, and Watson and I will follow you in the second one.'
During the journey, Holmes spoke very little but he sang some of the music from the concert that afternoon. Finally the two carriages arrived at the City and Suburban Bank in the main street near Saxe-Coburg Square. Mr Merryweather took his keys and opened a side door of the bank. We went through many doors and dark corridors. Then he took a lamp and we went to a big cellar. There was a strong smell of earth and there were a lot of big boxes on the cellar floor.
'The ceiling looks strong,' said Holmes, holding up the lamp.
'The floor is strong too,' said Merryweather, hitting it with his stick. 'Oh dear, it sounds empty!'
'Please speak quietly!' said Holmes. 'The thieves must not hear us! Please sit down on one of those boxes and don't say or do anything.'
Mr Merryweather sat down silently. Holmes put the lamp on the floor and took out a magnifying glass from his pocket. He carefully looked at the cracks between the large stones of the floor.
'We probably have one more hour,' said Holmes. 'The thieves can't do anything until Mr Wilson is in bed. Then they'll work very quickly. Well, Watson, I'm sure you understand that we're in the cellar of one of London's biggest banks. Mr Merryweather is the director of the bank and he'll explain the situation to you.'
'You see, Dr Watson, it's our French gold,' the director said very quietly. 'Inside these big boxes there are thirty thousand pounds in gold coins! That is why the worst criminals are interested in this cellar.'
'Gentlemen, now we must wait in the dark,' said Holmes, turning off the lamp. Suddenly everything was black.
'They will soon be here,' he continued, 'so we must hide behind the boxes. When they come we must be ready to act quickly. These are dangerous men. If they shoot at us, Watson, you must shoot at them.'
I put my gun on top of a box and I was ready to shoot.
'There is only one way for them to escape,' Holmes continued, 'through Wilson's house and into Saxe-Coburg Square. Did you do what I asked, Jones?'
'Yes, Mr Holmes. Three policemen are waiting outside Mr Wilson's house,' said Jones.
'Very good! Now we must be silent and wait,' said Holmes.
We waited for an hour and a quarter but in the dark it seemed much longer. My legs and arms were tired. Suddenly I saw some light through the cracks in the floor. Someone pushed up a big stone and a white hand appeared. The light became brighter and a face appeared. It was Mr Wilson's assistant. The young man looked around and then climbed up into the cellar. He helped another man to climb out of the hole. Both men were small and the other man had bright red hair.
Holmes ran forward and caught Mr Wilson's assistant.
'Jump down the hole again, Archie!' cried the assistant.
The other man climbed down quickly. Mr Wilson's assistant had a gun in his hand, but Holmes hit it to the floor with his stick.
'You don't have a chance, John Clay,' said Holmes.
'There are three policemen waiting for your friend outside Mr Wilson's house,' said Holmes smiling.
'Oh, really!' John Clay answered calmly. 'You did everything perfectly. Well done, Mr Holmes.'
'Well done to you!' Holmes answered. 'Your idea of the Red- Headed League was new and unusual!'
'Give me your hands,' said Jones to Clay. 'I am going to put handcuffs on you now.'
'Don't touch me with your dirty hands!' cried Clay. 'I am the grandson of a king's brother. You must say «sir» and «please» to me.'
'All right, sir,' said Jones, smiling. 'Please come upstairs with me, sir. We can call a carriage, sir, and take you to the police station.'
'That's better,' said Clay. He smiled to the three of us and walked away quietly with Jones.
'I don't know how to thank you, Mr Holmes!' said Mr Merryweather. 'This was certainly an exciting night. You stopped one of the biggest bank robberies in history.'
'This was a very interesting case, and I enjoyed it,' said Holmes.
In the early hours of the morning, Holmes and I returned to Baker Street.
'You see, Watson,' Holmes said, drinking his cup of tea, 'the reason for the Red-Headed League was very simple: Clay and his friend Duncan Ross wanted to get Mr Wilson away from his shop for several hours every day.'
'But how did you know that they were planning a bank robbery?' I asked.
'Well, Watson, I thought of the assistant's hobby: photography. We knew that the young man spent a lot of time in the cellar developing his pictures. Mr Wilson described Vincent Spaulding to me, and I knew immediately that he was John Clay, the famous bank robber. Clay was doing something in Mr Wilson's cellar — he was in the cellar for several hours a day for many weeks. And what was he doing? He was digging a tunnel to another building.
'You were surprised when I hit the stones in Saxe-Coburg Square with my stick. Well, I wanted to know if the tunnel was in front of the house or behind it.
'Then I rang the bell. I didn't go into the shop, because I only wanted to see Spaulding's trousers. The knees of his trousers were dirty with brown earth.
'When I discovered that the City and Suburban Bank was behind Mr Wilson's house, I suddenly understood everything!'
'But how did you know that the robbery was tonight?' I asked him.
'My dear Watson, they closed the League office because they weren't interested in Mr Wilson's work any more. So I knew the tunnel was finished and they had to use it soon. Saturday night was the best time for them because no one could discover the robbery until Monday morning. So I knew the robbery was tonight.'
'You solved this mysterious case beautifully, Holmes,' I said.
'Thank you, Watson. Well, at least this case wasn't boring!'
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the short story. For the television episode, see The Red-Headed League (Sherlock Holmes episode) .
Duncan Ross shakes Jabez Wilson's hand with Vincent Spaulding looking on, 1891 illustration by Sidney Paget
^ Temple, Emily (22 May 2018). "The 12 Best Sherlock Holmes Stories, According to Arthur Conan Doyle" . Literary Hub . Retrieved 6 January 2019 .
^ UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)" . MeasuringWorth . Retrieved 2 February 2020 .
^ Arthur Conan Doyle, "The Penguin Complete Sherlock Holmes" (Penguin 1987) pp.178
^ Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Dates in The Red-Headed League ", reprinted in 17 Steps to 221B Baker Street (George Allen and Unwin, 1967) pp.57-67. Sayers' analysis is somewhat tongue-in-cheek In the Foreword to Unpopular Opinions , in which this essay also appeared, Sayers says that the "game of applying the methods of the Higher Criticism to the Sherlock Holmes canon ... has become a hobby among a select set of jesters here and in America."
^ Smith (2014), p. 44.
^ Jump up to: a b Cawthorne (2011), p. 56.
^ Cawthorne (2011), p. 54.
^ Eyles, Alan (1986). Sherlock Holmes: A Centenary Celebration . Harper & Row. p. 130 . ISBN 0-06-015620-1 .
^ Eyles, Alan (1986). Sherlock Holmes: A Centenary Celebration . Harper & Row. p. 136 . ISBN 0-06-015620-1 .
^ Eyles, Alan (1986). Sherlock Holmes: A Centenary Celebration . Harper & Row. p. 138 . ISBN 0-06-015620-1 .
^ Barnes, Alan (2011). Sherlock Holmes on Screen . Titan Books. pp. 225–226. ISBN 9780857687760 .
^ Shinjiro Okazaki and Kenichi Fujita (ed.), "シャーロックホームズ冒険ファンブック Shārokku Hōmuzu Boken Fan Bukku", Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2014, pp. 43-45. (Guidebook to the show)
^ Dickerson (2019), p. 25.
^ Dickerson (2019), p. 53.
^ Dickerson (2019), p. 73.
^ Dickerson (2019), p. 96.
^ Dickerson (2019), p. 129.
^ Dickerson (2019), p. 229.
^ De Waal, Ronald Burt (1974). The World Bibliography of Sherlock Holmes . Bramhall House. p. 385 . ISBN 0-517-217597 .
^ De Waal, Ronald Burt (1974). The World Bibliography of Sherlock Holmes . Bramhall House. p. 386 . ISBN 0-517-217597 .
^ De Waal, Ronald Burt (1974). The World Bibliography of Sherlock Holmes . Bramhall House. p. 391 . ISBN 0-517-217597 .
^ Dickerson (2019), pp. 284, 287.
^ Payton, Gordon; Grams, Martin Jr. (2015) [1999]. The CBS Radio Mystery Theater: An Episode Guide and Handbook to Nine Years of Broadcasting, 1974-1982 (Reprinted ed.). McFarland. p. 205. ISBN 9780786492282 .
^ Eyles, Alan (1986). Sherlock Holmes: A Centenary Celebration . Harper & Row. p. 140 . ISBN 0-06-015620-1 .
^ Bert Coules. "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes" . The BBC complete audio Sherlock Holmes . Retrieved 12 December 2016 .
^ Wright, Stewart (30 April 2019). "The Classic Adventures of Sherlock Holmes: Broadcast Log" (PDF) . Old-Time Radio . Retrieved 14 June 2020 .
" The Red-Headed League " is one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes short stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle . It first appeared in The Strand Magazine in August 1891, with illustrations by Sidney Paget . Conan Doyle ranked "The Red-Headed League" second in his list of his twelve favorite Holmes stories. [1] It is also the second of the twelve stories in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes , which was published in 1892.
Wilson, a London pawnbroker , comes to consult Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson. While studying this prospective client, both Holmes and Watson notice his red hair , which has a distinct flame-like hue. Wilson tells them that some weeks before, his young assistant, Vincent Spaulding, urged him to respond to a newspaper want-ad offering highly-paid work to only red-headed male applicants. The next morning, Wilson had waited in a long line of fellow red-headed men, was interviewed, and was the only applicant hired, because none of the other applicants qualified; their red hair was either too dark or too bright and did not match Wilson's unique flame colour.
Wilson tells Holmes that his business has been struggling. Since his pawnshop did most of its business in the evenings, he was able to vacate his shop for short periods in the afternoon, receiving £4 (equivalent to £443 in 2019 [2] ) a week for several weeks; the work was obviously useless clerical work in a bare office, only performed for nominal compliance with a will , whereupon he was made to copy the Encyclopædia Britannica . Wilson learned much about the subjects starting with the "A" section, and looked forward to getting into the "B" section. One morning, a sign on the locked office door inexplicably announced that "THE RED-HEADED LEAGUE IS DISSOLVED"—Oct. 9, 1890."
Wilson went to the landlord, who said he had never heard of Duncan Ross, the person who managed the league office. The landlord did remember the tenant with scarlet hair and gave him a card that directs Wilson to an artificial knee company. Wilson concludes by expressing his frustration at losing the £4 a week.
Watson and Holmes laugh at Wilson because of the ridiculous situation, but Holmes assures him that they will solve the case by Monday. Wilson leaves after giving the detective a description of Spaulding; Holmes decides to see Spaulding, whom Holmes notices has dirty trouser knees. Holmes then taps on the pavement in front of Wilson's shop. With the case solved, he calls Police Inspector Jones and Mr. Merryweather, a director of the bank located next door.
The four hide in the bank vault, waiting in the dark for over an hour until two men emerge from a tunnel cut into the vault's floor and are captured. They are John Clay, who has a long history of criminal activity already, and his helper Archie. Under the aliases of Spaulding and Ross, they had contrived the 'Red-Headed League' rigmarole to keep Wilson out of his shop while they dug a tunnel in the basement to reach the vault. Although paying Wilson £4 a week was expensive, it was a pittance compared to the shipment of gold coins they were planning to steal.
Back at Baker Street, Holmes explains to Watson how he solved the case, applauding Clay's creativity and regretting that such a mind has been wasted on crime.
The dates given in the story do not match the characters' descriptions of time passing. The date that Wilson sees the advertisement is 27 April 1890 and he has been at work for 8 weeks and says "Just two months ago." [3] Thus that happened by the end of June. However, the story begins by describing Holmes's meeting with Wilson as being on "one day in the autumn of last year" and the date on the door telling of the League being dissolved is that of 9 October 1890, six months after the ad was placed.
Dorothy L. Sayers analyzed this discrepancy and claims that the dates must have been 4 August and 4 October respectively. [4]
"The Red-Headed League" was first published in the UK in The Strand Magazine in August 1891, and in the United States in the US edition of the Strand in September 1891. [5] The story was published with ten illustrations by Sidney Paget in The Strand Magazine . [6] It was included in the short story collection The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes , [6] which was published in October 1892. [7]
A 1921 short film was adapted from the story as part of the Stoll film series featuring Eille Norwood as Sherlock Holmes. [8]
The story was adapted for a 1951 TV episode of Sherlock Holmes starring Alan Wheatley as Holmes. [9]
The first American television adaptation of the story was in the 1954–1955 television series Sherlock Holmes starring Ronald Howard .
An adaptation of "The Red-Headed League" was used for an episode of the 1965 television series Sherlock Holmes starring Douglas Wilmer as Holmes and Nigel Stock as Watson, with Toke Townley as Jabez Wilson. [10]
In the 1985 television adaptation starring Jeremy Brett , the scheme was masterminded by Professor Moriarty and Clay is Moriarty's star pupil of crime.
An episode of the animated 1999–2001 television series Sherlock Holmes in the 22nd Century titled "The Red-Headed League" was based on the story. [11]
In the NHK puppetry television series Sherlock Holmes , Jabez Wilson is a pupil of Beeton School as well as Holmes and Watson and is invited to the Red-Headed Club by his senior Duncan Ross. But strangely enough, what he does in the club is painting balls, stones and bottles red. Holmes suspects that it is a means for Ross to ensure Wilson stays away from a certain place. [12]
Edith Meiser adapted the story as the third episode of the radio series The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes , which aired on 5 January 1931, starring Clive Brook as Sherlock Holmes and Leigh Lovell as Dr. Watson. [13] Other episodes adapted from the story aired on 24 May 1933 (with Richard Gordon as Holmes and Lovell as Watson) [14] and 8 February 1936 (with Gordon as Holmes and Harry West as Watson). [15]
Edith Meiser also adapted the story for the radio series The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes with Basil Rathbone as Holmes and Nigel Bruce as Watson. The episode aired on 27 October 1940. [16] Other episodes adapted from the story aired on 28 May 1943, [17] and on 2 June 1947 (with Tom Conway as Holmes and Bruce as Watson). [18] The story was also read by Basil Rathbone in a 1966 recording released by Caedmon Records .
A radio adaptation starring Carleton Hobbs as Holmes and Norman Shelley as Watson aired on the BBC Home Service in 1953, as part of the 1952–1969 radio series . [19] Hobbs and Shelley also played Holmes and Watson respectively in a 1957 radio adaptation on the BBC Home Service, [20] and a 1964 radio adaptation on the BBC Light Programme . [21]
John Gielgud played Holmes and Ralph Richardson played Watson in a radio adaptation of "The Red-Headed League" which aired on 19 October 1954 on the BBC Light Programme. The production also aired in January 1955 on NBC radio and in May 1956 on ABC radio. [22]
A radio adaptation aired on 26 April 1977, on the series CBS Radio Mystery Theater . Kevin McCarthy was the voice of Holmes. [23]
An adaptation aired on BBC radio in June 1978, starring Barry Foster as Holmes and David Buck as Watson. It was adapted by Michael Bakewell . [24]
"The Red-Headed League" was dramatised for BBC Radio 4 in 1990 by Vincent McInerney as an episode of the 1989–1998 radio series , starring Clive Merrison as Holmes and Michael Williams as Watson. It also featured James Wilby as Vincent Spaulding. [25]
A 2014 episode of the radio series The Classic Adventures of Sherlock Holmes was adapted from the story, and starred John Patrick Lowrie as Holmes and Lawrence Albert as Watson. [26]
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