Nude Hebe

Nude Hebe
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Sexual preference for pubescent children aged 11–14

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Stephens S, Seto MC (2015). Phenix A, Hoberman H (eds.). Sexual Offending: Predisposing Antecedents, Assessments and Management . Springer . pp. 29–41. ISBN 978-1493924165 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Prentky, R.; Barbaree, H. (2011). "Commentary: Hebephilia--a would-be paraphilia caught in the twilight zone between prepubescence and adulthood" . The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law . 39 (4): 506–510. PMID 22159978 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Blanchard, R.; Lykins, A. D.; Wherrett, D.; Kuban, M. E.; Cantor, J. M.; Blak, T.; Dickey, R.; Klassen, P. E. (2009). "Pedophilia, Hebephilia, and the DSM-V". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 38 (3): 335–350. doi : 10.1007/s10508-008-9399-9 . PMID 18686026 . S2CID 14957904 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Moser, C. (2009). "When is an Unusual Sexual Interest a Mental Disorder? (letter to the editor)". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 38 (3): 323–325. doi : 10.1007/s10508-008-9436-8 . PMID 18946730 . S2CID 43363957 .

^ Kail, RV; Cavanaugh JC (2010). Human Development: A Lifespan View (5th ed.). Cengage Learning . pp. 296 . ISBN 978-0495600374 .

^ Jump up to: a b c "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition" . American Psychiatric Publishing . 2013 . Retrieved July 25, 2013 .

^ Jump up to: a b See section F65.4 Paedophilia. "International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) Version for 2010" . ICD-10 . Retrieved November 17, 2012 .

^ Jump up to: a b Wakefield, J. C. (2011). "The DSM-5's Proposed New Categories of Sexual Disorder: The Problem of False Positives in Sexual Diagnosis". Clinical Social Work Journal . 40 (2): 213–223. doi : 10.1007/s10615-011-0353-2 . S2CID 143666677 .

^ Singy, Patrick (18 April 2015). "Hebephilia: A Postmortem Dissection". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 44 (5): 1109–1116. doi : 10.1007/s10508-015-0542-0 . PMID 25894647 . S2CID 8004856 .

^ Powell, A (2007). Paedophiles, Child Abuse and the Internet: A Practical Guide to Identification, Action and Prevention . Radcliffe Publishing. pp. 4–5 . ISBN 978-1857757743 .

^ Seto, Michael (2008). Pedophilia and Sexual Offending Against Children . Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. p. vii.

^ Jump up to: a b Gavin H (2013). Criminological and Forensic Psychology . SAGE Publications . p. 155. ISBN 978-1118510377 . Archived from the original on March 30, 2019 . Retrieved July 7, 2018 .

^ "ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics" . World Health Organization / ICD-11 . 2018. See section 6D32 Pedophilic disorder . Retrieved 2018-07-07 . Pedophilic disorder is characterized by a sustained, focused, and intense pattern of sexual arousal—as manifested by persistent sexual thoughts, fantasies, urges, or behaviours—involving pre-pubertal children. In addition, in order for Pedophilic Disorder to be diagnosed, the individual must have acted on these thoughts, fantasies or urges or be markedly distressed by them. This diagnosis does not apply to sexual behaviours among pre- or post-pubertal children with peers who are close in age.

^ Janssen, D.F. (2015). " "Chronophilia": Entries of Erotic Age Preference into Descriptive Psychopathology" . Medical History . 59 (4): 575–598. doi : 10.1017/mdh.2015.47 . ISSN 0025-7273 . PMC 4595948 . PMID 26352305 .

^ Hammer, E. F.; Glueck, B. C. (1957). "Psychodynamic patterns in sex offenders: A four-factor theory". The Psychiatric Quarterly . 31 (2): 325–345. doi : 10.1007/BF01568731 . PMID 13465890 . S2CID 25200895 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Franklin, K. (2010). "Hebephilia: Quintessence of diagnostic pretextuality" (PDF) . Behavioral Sciences & the Law . 28 (6): 751–768. doi : 10.1002/bsl.934 . PMID 21110392 .

^ Jump up to: a b Bailey, J. M.; Hsu, K. J.; Bernhard, P. A. (2016). "An Internet study of men sexually attracted to children: Sexual attraction patterns". Journal of Abnormal Psychology . 125 (7): 976–988. doi : 10.1037/abn0000212 . PMID 27732027 .

^ Moss S, Simmons M, Trendell S, Stephens S (2018). Ternes M, Magaletta PR, Patry MW (eds.). The Practice of Correctional Psychology . Springer. p. 201. ISBN 978-3-030-00452-1 .

^ Jump up to: a b Beier, K.; Amelung, T.; Kuhle, L.; Grundmann, D.; Scherner, G.; Neutze, J. (2015). "Hebephilia as a Sexual Disorder" . Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie . 83 (2): e1–e9. doi : 10.1055/s-0034-1398960 . ISSN 0720-4299 . PMID 25723776 . S2CID 22739711 .

^ Cantor, James M.; Kabani, Noor; Christensen, Bruce K.; Zipursky, Robert B.; Barbaree, Howard E.; Dickey, Robert; Klassen, Philip E.; Mikulis, David J.; Kuban, Michael E.; Blak, Thomas; Richards, Blake A.; Hanratty, M. Katherine; Blanchard, Ray (2008). "Cerebral white matter deficiencies in pedophilic men". Journal of Psychiatric Research . 42 (3): 167–183. doi : 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2007.10.013 . ISSN 0022-3956 . PMID 18039544 .

^ Cantor, James M.; Blanchard, Ray (2012). "White Matter Volumes in Pedophiles, Hebephiles, and Teleiophiles". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 41 (4): 749–752. doi : 10.1007/s10508-012-9954-2 . ISSN 0004-0002 . PMID 22476520 . S2CID 207090545 .

^ Cantor, J. M.; Klassen, P. E.; Dickey, R.; Christensen, B. K.; Kuban, M. E.; Blak, T.; Williams, N. S.; Blanchard, R. (2005). "Handedness in Pedophilia and Hebephilia". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 34 (4): 447–459. doi : 10.1007/s10508-005-4344-7 . PMID 16010467 . S2CID 6427342 .

^ Jump up to: a b Cantor, J. M.; Blanchard, R.; Christensen, B. K.; Dickey, R.; Klassen, P. E.; Beckstead, A. L.; Blak, T.; Kuban, M. E. (2004). "Intelligence, Memory, and Handedness in Pedophilia". Neuropsychology . 18 (1): 3–14. doi : 10.1037/0894-4105.18.1.3 . PMID 14744183 .

^ Fazio, Rachel L.; Lykins, Amy D.; Cantor, James M. (2014). "Elevated rates of atypical handedness in paedophilia: Theory and implications" . Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition . 19 (6): 690–704. doi : 10.1080/1357650X.2014.898648 . ISSN 1357-650X . PMC 4151814 . PMID 24666135 .

^ Cantor, J. M.; Kuban, M. E.; Blak, T.; Klassen, P. E.; Dickey, R.; Blanchard, R. (2006). "Grade Failure and Special Education Placement in Sexual Offenders' Educational Histories". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 35 (6): 743–751. doi : 10.1007/s10508-006-9018-6 . PMID 16708284 . S2CID 24164499 .

^ Cantor, J. M.; Kuban, M. E.; Blak, T.; Klassen, P. E.; Dickey, R.; Blanchard, R. (2007). "Physical Height in Pedophilic and Hebephilic Sexual Offenders". Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment . 19 (4): 395–407. doi : 10.1007/s11194-007-9060-5 . PMID 17952597 . S2CID 322977 .

^ Fazio, R. L.; Dyshniku, F.; Lykins, A. D.; Cantor, J. M. (2015). "Leg Length Versus Torso Length in Pedophilia: Further Evidence of Atypical Physical Development Early in Life". Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment . 29 (5): 500–514. doi : 10.1177/1079063215609936 . ISSN 1079-0632 . PMID 26459491 . S2CID 24580367 .

^ Dyshniku, Fiona; Murray, Michelle E.; Fazio, Rachel L.; Lykins, Amy D.; Cantor, James M. (2015). "Minor Physical Anomalies as a Window into the Prenatal Origins of Pedophilia". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 44 (8): 2151–2159. doi : 10.1007/s10508-015-0564-7 . ISSN 0004-0002 . PMID 26058490 . S2CID 25667170 .

^ Gebhard, PH; Gagnon JH; Pomeroy WB; Christenson CV (1965). Sex offenders: An analysis of types . New York: Harper & Row .

^ Studer, L. H.; Aylwin, A. S.; Clelland, S. R.; Reddon, J. R.; Frenzel, R. R. (2002). "Primary erotic preference in a group of child molesters". International Journal of Law and Psychiatry . 25 (2): 173–180. doi : 10.1016/s0160-2527(01)00111-x . PMID 12071103 .

^ Bernard, F (1975). "An enquiry among a group of pedophiles". The Journal of Sex Research . 11 (3): 242–255. doi : 10.1080/00224497509550899 . JSTOR 3811479 .

^ Wilson, G. D.; Cox, D. N. (1983). "Personality of paedophile club members". Personality and Individual Differences . 4 (3): 323–329. doi : 10.1016/0191-8869(83)90154-X .

^ Zonana, H. (2011). "Sexual disorders: New and expanded proposals for the DSM-5--do we need them?". The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law . 39 (2): 245–249. PMID 21653273 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Frances, A.; First, M. B. (2011). "Hebephilia is not a mental disorder in DSM-IV-TR and should not become one in DSM-5". The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law . 39 (1): 78–85. PMID 21389170 .

^ Jump up to: a b Zander, T. K. (2008). "Adult Sexual Attraction to Early-Stage Adolescents: Phallometry Doesn't Equal Pathology". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 38 (3): 329–330, author 330 331–330. doi : 10.1007/s10508-008-9428-8 . PMID 18931899 . S2CID 20198549 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Blanchard, R. (2008). "Reply to Letters Regarding Pedophilia, Hebephilia, and the DSM-V (letter to the editor)". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 38 (3): 331–334. doi : 10.1007/s10508-008-9427-9 . S2CID 143846500 .

^ Cantor in his 2012 rebuttal in the International Journal of Forensic Mental Health states "The current version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) contains code F65.4, which defines paedophilia as 'A sexual preference for children, boys or girls or both, usually of prepubertal or early pubertal age' (World Health Organization, 2007; emphasis added). That is, people with a sexual preference for early pubescent children do indeed receive a diagnosis in the ICD system. In Franklin's defense, one could claim that the word 'hebephilia' does not appear in the ICD; however, the people with hebephilia would receive a diagnosis nonetheless."

^ Cantor, J. M. (2012). "The Errors of Karen Franklin's Pretextuality" . International Journal of Forensic Mental Health . 11 (1): 59–62. doi : 10.1080/14999013.2012.672945 . PMC 3382737 . PMID 22745581 .

^ Seto, M. C. (2009). "Pedophilia". Annual Review of Clinical Psychology . 5 : 391–407. doi : 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.032408.153618 . PMID 19327034 .

^ Frieden, J (2009-12-01). "DSM-V work on paraphilias begins in earnest" (PDF) . Clinical Psychiatry News . 37 (12): 21. doi : 10.1016/S0270-6644(09)70438-2 . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-12-21 . Retrieved 2013-01-07 .

^ Franklin, K (2011). "Forensic Psychiatrists Vote No on Proposed Paraphilias" . Psychiatric Times . 27 (12). (subscription required)

^ Plaud, J. (2009). "Are there "hebephiles" among us? A response to Blanchard et al. (2008) (letter to the editor)". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 38 (3): 326–327, author 327 331–327. doi : 10.1007/s10508-008-9423-0 . PMID 18923892 . S2CID 5062770 .

^ Declue, G. (2008). "Should Hebephilia be a Mental Disorder? A Reply to Blanchard et al. (2008)". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 38 (3): 317–318, author 318 331–318. doi : 10.1007/s10508-008-9422-1 . PMID 18925429 . S2CID 207089458 .

^ Tromovitch, P. (2008). "Manufacturing Mental Disorder by Pathologizing Erotic Age Orientation: A Comment on Blanchard et al. (2008)" . Archives of Sexual Behavior . 38 (3): 328, author reply 331–4. doi : 10.1007/s10508-008-9426-x . PMID 18923890 .

^ O’Donohue, W. (2010). "A Critique of the Proposed DSM-V Diagnosis of Pedophilia (letter to the editor)". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 39 (3): 587–590. doi : 10.1007/s10508-010-9604-5 . PMID 20204487 . S2CID 30900698 .

^ Frances, Allen "DSM 5 Needs to Reject Hebephilia Now" Psychology Today , 15.06.2011, retrieved 27.07.18

^ Blanchard, Ray. "A dissenting opinion on DSM-5 pedophilic disorder." Archives of Sexual Behavior 42, no. 5 (2013): 675-678.

^ Blanchard, R.; Kuban, M. E.; Blak, T.; Klassen, P. E.; Dickey, R.; Cantor, J. M. (2010). "Sexual Attraction to Others: A Comparison of Two Models of Alloerotic Responding in Men" . Archives of Sexual Behavior . 41 (1): 13–29. doi : 10.1007/s10508-010-9675-3 . PMC 3310141 . PMID 20848175 .

^ Blanchard, R. (2010). "The fertility of hebephiles and the adaptationist argument against including hebephilia in DSM-5 (letter to the editor)". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 39 (4): 817–818. doi : 10.1007/s10508-010-9610-7 . PMID 20174861 . S2CID 27932657 .

^ Jump up to: a b Ryniker, DC (August 2012). "Hebephilia and male fertility". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 41 (4): 741–3. doi : 10.1007/s10508-012-9977-8 . PMID 22695643 . S2CID 31148218 .

^ Hames, R; Blanchard, R (August 2012). "Anthropological data regarding the adaptiveness of hebephilia" . Archives of Sexual Behavior . 41 (4): 745–7. doi : 10.1007/s10508-012-9972-0 . PMID 22644593 . S2CID 9910627 .

^ Jump up to: a b c Ewing, CP (2011). Justice Perverted:Sex Offense Law, Psychology, and Public Policy: Sex Offense Law, Psychology, and Public Policy . Oxford University Press . pp. 28–32 . ISBN 978-0199732678 .

^ Frances, Allen (2013). Essentials of Psychiatric Diagnosis: Responding to the Challenge of DSM-5 . Guilford Publications. p. 174. ISBN 978-1462513499 .

^ Tucker, D.; Brakel, S. J. (2012). "DSM-5 Paraphilic Diagnoses and SVP Law" . Archives of Sexual Behavior . 41 (3): 533. doi : 10.1007/s10508-011-9893-3 . PMID 22218789 .

^ "Guilty As Charged: Sex predator Yap Weng Wah preyed on at least 31 young boys" . The Straits Times . 18 May 2016 . Retrieved 24 March 2021 .

^ "Jail for 21-year-old man who molested two teenage boys" . CNA . 1 April 2021 . Retrieved 2 April 2021 .

^ "Jail for 2 men who molested underage boys in unrelated incidents" . The Straits Times . 1 April 2021 . Retrieved 2 April 2021 .

Hebephilia is the strong, persistent sexual interest by adults in pubescent children who are in early adolescence , typically ages 11–14 and showing Tanner stages 2 to 3 of physical development. [1] It differs from pedophilia (the primary or exclusive sexual interest in prepubescent children), and from ephebophilia (the primary sexual interest in later adolescents, typically ages 15–19). [1] [2] [3] While individuals with a sexual preference for adults may have some sexual interest in pubescent-aged individuals, [2] researchers and clinical diagnoses have proposed that hebephilia is characterized by a sexual preference for pubescent rather than adult partners. [2] [4]

Hebephilia is approximate in its age range because the onset and completion of puberty vary. [1] On average, girls begin the process of puberty at age 10 or 11 while boys begin at age 11 or 12. [5] Partly because puberty varies, some definitions of chronophilias (sexual preference for a specific physiological appearance related to age) show overlap between pedophilia, hebephilia and ephebophilia. [2] For example, the DSM-5 extends the prepubescent age to 13, [6] and the ICD-10 includes early pubertal age in its definition of pedophilia. [1] [7]

Proposals for categorizing hebephilia have argued that separating sexual attraction to prepubescent children from sexual attraction to early-to-mid or late pubescents is clinically relevant. [2] [3] According to research by Ray Blanchard et al. (2009), male sex offenders could be separated into groups by victim age preference on the basis of penile plethysmograph response patterns. Based on their results, Blanchard suggested that the DSM-5 could account for these data by subdividing the existing diagnosis of pedophilia into hebephilia and a narrower definition of pedophilia. [3] Blanchard's proposal to add hebephilia to the DSM-5 proved controversial, [1] [2] [8] and was not adopted. [9] It has not been widely accepted as a paraphilia or mental disorder , and there is significant academic debate as to whether it should be classified as either. [1]

The term hebephilia is based on the Greek goddess and protector of youth Hebe , but, in Ancient Greece , also referred to the time before manhood in Athens (depending on the reference, the specific age could be 14, 16 or 18 years old). The suffix -philia is derived from -phil-, implying love or strong friendship. [10]

Hebephilia is defined as a chronophilia in which an adult has a strong and persistent sexual interest in pubescent children, typically children aged 11–14, although the age of onset and completion of puberty vary. [1] [2] Although sexologist Ray Blanchard and others who proposed the hebephilia diagnosis have focused on pubescents in Tanner stages 2 and 3 (centering on children who have begun to show signs of pubertal development of sex characteristics but are not at or near the end of this process), discussion of hebephilia has also concerned attraction to pubescents and adolescents in general, which has contributed to confusion among those who have debated the topic. [1]

The DSM-5 's diagnostic criteria for pedophilia and the general medical literature define pedophilia as a disorder of primary or exclusive sexual interest in prepubescent children, thus excluding hebephilia from its definition of pedophilia. [11] [12] However, the DSM-5's age criteria extends to age 13. [6] Although the ICD-10 diagnostic code for the definition of pedophilia includes a sexual preference for children of prepubertal or early pubertal age, [1] [7] the ICD-11 states that "pedophilic disorder is characterized by a sustained, focused, and intense pattern of sexual arousal—as manifested by persistent sexual thoughts, fantasies, urges, or behaviours—involving pre-pubertal children." [13] Because of some inconsistencies in definitions and differences in the physical development of children and adolescents, there is overlap between pedophilia, hebephilia and ephebophilia. [2]

The term hebephilia was first used in 1955, in forensic work by Hammer and Glueck . [14] Anthropologist and ethno-psychiatrist Paul K. Benedict used the term to distinguish pedophiles from sex offenders whose victims were adolescents. [15]

Karen Franklin , a California forensic psychologist , interpreted hebephilia to be a variation of ephebophilia , used by Magnus Hirschfeld in 1906 to describe homosexual attraction to males between puberty and their early twenties, who considered the condition normal and nonpathological. [16] She said that, historically, adults being sexual with pubescents was considered distinct from other forms of criminal sexuality (such as rape ), with wide variations within and across nations regarding what age was acceptable for adult-adolescent sexual contacts. [16]

Bernard Glueck Jr. conducted research on sex offenders at Sing Sing prison in the 1950s, using hebephilia as one of several classifications of subjects according to offense. In the 1960s, sexologist Kurt Freund used the term to distinguish between age preferences of heterosexual and homosexual men during penile plethysmograph assessments, continuing his work with Ray Blanchard at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) after emigrating to Canada in 1968.

After Freund's death in 1996, researchers at CAMH conducted research on neurological explanations of
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