How Many People Have Genital Herpes

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How Many People Have Genital Herpes

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Home Herpes Facts Herpes Statistics: How Common is Genital Herpes?
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People are often surprised to learn how common genital herpes is. And looking at the data, about 48 million Americans would be in for a surprise if they got tested today. So how common is herpes? These genital herpes statistics focus on HSV-2 rates in the United States. Fortunately, the data also shows that herpes is highly manageable and people who have it can still have healthy love and sex lives.
Medically reviewed by Meagan Fleming, RN on Jan. 1, 2019 — Written by Editorial Staff
Planned Parenthood states that 1 in 6 Americans has genital herpes. ( 1 ) According to the American Sexual Health Organization, close to 90% of Americans don’t know they have genital herpes. ( 2 ) And according to the CDC, the statistic of infected people who don’t know is 87.4%. ( 3 )
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Female genitals are more susceptible to infection due to their exposed soft tissue.
An interesting note about HSV-2 transmission is that it’s often contracted within long-term relationships rather than through other high-risk considerations ( 9 ).
According to studies done by Valtrex, these are the rates of transmission per year of regular sex :
Though this article focuses on genital herpes caused by HSV-2, oral herpes is extremely common. In fact, many cases of genital herpes are caused by oral herpes, nothing more than a cold sore or contagious period that passed to the genitals through oral sex.
The big takeaways from these numbers are that:
1. Herpes is more common than many might think , and a lot of people are unaware they are infected and may not even have symptoms to tip them off. Unfortunately, when clinicians give “standard” STI check-ups, they don’t include tests for HSV-1 or HSV-2, unless it is specifically requested.
2. Many couples have a healthy sex life and still never transmit it to the uninfected partner. Taking precautions like avoiding sex during and around the time of an outbreak, using condoms and taking antiviral medication like valacyclovir (Valtrex) or Acyclovir drastically reduces the likelihood of transmission. The statistics indicate that it’s possible to get your chances of transmitting HSV-2 down to as low as 2.1% with condoms and antiviral medications.
3. Take charge of your sexual health and get regularly screened for STIs. You can specifically request a herpes test if the practitioner does not include it in standard checkups and you feel you need treatment. You can even order tests online:
Note: Not all genital herpes statistics are consistent from study to study. Most say 25% of American women have the virus, and 20% of American males. Other studies show slightly lower numbers. The studies with slightly lower numbers refer to people from 14 to 49 , while the higher number studies are based on all people over 12 . As populations age, there is a higher incidence of STIs.
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The herpes virus is spread by skin-to-skin contact with a person who has the herpes virus:
People with a weak immune system can get a herpesinfection more easily. A weak immune system is causedby some diseases and by somemedicines used to treat serious diseases.
People who don’t know they have herpes can still spread the virus to others.
The doctor or nurse at the sexual health clinic will:
Symptoms might not appear for weeks or even years after you’re infected with the herpes virus.
If you have genital herpes, your previous sexual partners should get tested.
The doctor or nurse at the clinic can discuss this with you and help you tell your partners without letting them know it’s you who has the virus.
If you know you’ve been exposed to herpes, you might want to watch for “prodromal” symptoms. “About 50% of people will have symptoms such as itching, tingling, or pain on genital skin before blisters or sores appear,” says Dr. Shim. Usually you’ll experience an outbreak later, but it’s possible to have this tingling or itching and have no sores show up, she says.
Your first step is to make an appointment with your gynecologist if you have a lesion on your genitals or believe you were exposed to herpes. “Google really can’t tell you if you have genital herpes or not,” says Dr. Shim. A diagnosis of herpes can be made with an exam, but your doctor will also order a culture swab from the sore to confirm the virus.
Your doctor can give you advice on easing symptoms, shortening their duration, and preventing outbreaks in the future. Taking the antiviral drug Valtrex daily can decrease transmission to a non-infected partner, says Dr. Shirazian. Maintaining general healthy habitsthe stuff you always hear like eating healthy, staying active, and getting enough sleepgo a long way to keeping your immune system strong to minimize outbreaks.
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In most cases, you wont know unless you develop blisters or sores on the mouth or genitals. These sores usually have a burning, tingling sensation.
If you think youve been exposed to HSV-2 or would like to know if you carry the virus, talk to a doctor or other healthcare provider about testing.
Yes, you can still have sex if you have HSV-1 or HSV-2.
However, you should avoid intimate contact if youre experiencing an active outbreak. This will reduce the risk for transmission to your partner.
For example, if you have a cold sore you should avoid kissing your partner or performing oral sex.
If you have an active genital outbreak, you should avoid any below-the-belt activity until it clears.
Although the virus is less likely to spread when no symptoms are present, practicing sex with a condom or another barrier method, such as a dental dam , can help reduce the overall risk for transmission.
You may also consider talking to your healthcare provider about prescription antiviral medication, such as:
These medications can help suppress the virus and reduce the risk of transmission.
In rare cases, herpes can be transmitted during pregnancy or childbirth. Reassurances about genital herpes during pregnancy and birth. . herpes.org.nz/patient-info/herpes-pregnancy/
If youre pregnant, or planning to become pregnant, talk to an obstetrician or other healthcare provider about the steps you can take to reduce the risk for transmission.
If someone has contracted HSV but not yet experienced a herpes outbreak, truthfully theres no 100% accurate way to determine when one will occur. An outbreak can occur within a week of exposure, or years later.
First, consider that everyones body is different, as is their immune system. If a person has a strong immune system, then it can be possible for an outbreak to occur years after contracting the virus.
Whats more, some strains of HSV are more forceful and aggravating than others.
There is what is; considered typical , and that is that people often have their first outbreak two weeks after contracting it. But this just isnt reliable, because its equally accepted that people can often have outbreaks after two years .
Thats why so many people will have trouble pinpointing when they got herpes;at all. There are varied; statistics and possibilities:
Stress is a common trigger for an outbreak.
It turns out you can have herpes without knowing it, even in a monogamous relationship. Thats because even if there are no noticeable symptoms like small red bumps, white blisters, pain, or itching, you can still spread the viral cells and unknowingly infect a partner. So p romiscuous or polyamorous people arent the only ones at risk.
The herpes virus is the most infectious just before, during, and after an outbreak when blisters are present. But it also has silent shedding between outbreaks, meaning the virus can spread at just about any time. And intercourse isnt the only way to contract this sexually transmitted infection, often called an STI by clinicians. The majority of new infections are HSV-1, passed from one persons mouth to another persons genitals during oral sex, says Jill Grimes, MD, who wrote the book Seductive Delusions: How Everyday People Catch STIs.
A lot of people are completely dumbfounded when theyre diagnosed because they didnt know they could get HSV-1 on their genitals from oral sex, adds Vensel. I tell them, Hey, look this is normal and its okay. I know it sucks and youre in pain, but its not the end of the world.’
Condoms can reduce your herpes risk if theyre used correctly during vaginal, anal and oral sex, but theyre not foolproof. Herpes can be spread via skin to skin contact in areas that arent covered.
No, a cold sore on your mouth usually means you have herpes simplex virus type 1 . You can get HSV-1 by kissing someone or sharing utensils, towels, razors, or lipstick with someone who has HSV-1.
HSV-1 cannot turn into HSV-2 , but you can get a cold sore on your mouth from HSV-2 if you give oral sex to someone with HSV-2. Cold sores caused by HSV-1 or HSV-2 are contagious. You can spread it to other people or other parts of your body if you touch an open sore and then touch another part of your body. That means if you have a cold sore and give oral sex to someone, that person will get the herpes virus on his or her genitals.
Avoid touching your cold sore as much as possible. If you touch your cold sore, wash your hands right away to avoid spreading the infection to other parts of your body or other people.
If you have herpes, you should talk to your sex partner and let him or her know that you do and the risk involved. Using condoms may help lower this risk but it will not get rid of the risk completely. Having sores or other symptoms of herpes can increase your risk of spreading the disease. Even if you do not have any symptoms, you can still infect your sex partners.
You may have concerns about how genital herpes will impact your overall health, sex life, and relationships. It is best for you to talk to a health care provider about those concerns, but it also is important to recognize that while herpes is not curable, it can be managed with medication. Daily suppressive therapy for herpes can also lower your risk of spreading genital herpes to your sex partner. Be sure to discuss treatment options with your healthcare provider. Since a genital herpes diagnosis may affect how you will feel about current or future sexual relationships, it is important to understand how to talk to sexual partners about STDsexternal icon .
Any sexually active person may contract genital herpes. Aside from abstaining from sex or mutual monogamy with one uninfected partner, there are many options a couple may consider to reduce the risk of transmission.
Since one in eight persons is thought to have herpes and the majority of people dont know, if a partner has ever been sexually active, it is possible that she or he could unknowingly have the virus too. Accurate blood tests are available to determine whether a person has antibodies for HSV. Knowing a partners status can help a couple make a joint decision about whether they need to take steps to reduce the risk of transmitting HSV.
One antiviral medication for herpes, valacyclovir, has been shown to reduce the risk of herpes transmission. When a person with a history of recurrent genital herpes takes 500 mg of valacyclovir daily, it can reduce the risk of transmission to a partner who does not have the virus by 50%. Its likely that a combination of suppressive valacyclovir and condoms provides greater protection than either method alone.
We do not recommend regular use of the spermicide nonoxynol-9 as it can cause irritation in the genital area, making it easier for some STIs to be transmitted. If a spermicide is used, it should be used with a condom, not in place of one.
Most people living with herpes, caused by either HSV-1 or 2, are unaware they have the infection.
When symptoms do occur however, oral herpes infection can lead to painful sores around the mouth . Genital herpes infection can cause recurring, often painful, genital sores, often referred to as genital ulcer disease.;
WHO and partners published a study in March 2020 ;estimating that around 5% of the worlds population suffered from at least one episode of herpes-related genital ulcer disease in 2016 . Most of these episodes were due to HSV-2, which can recur frequently over many years.
Recurrent symptoms of genital herpes can lead to stigma and psychological distress, and can have an important impact on quality of life and sexual relationships. However, in time, most people with herpes adjust to living with the infection.
Genital herpes is a substantial health concern worldwide beyond the potential pain and discomfort suffered by people living with the infection, the associated social consequences can have a profound effect on sexual and reproductive health says Dr Ian Askew, Director of the Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research at WHO.;
For many people living with this common disease, the most debilitating symptoms are shame and isolation.
Even after his friends hype him up, Jamin Peckham still backs out sometimes. Its not that hes shy or insecure about his looks. Instead, what keeps this 27-year-old from approaching the cute girl across the room is a set of hypotheticals that most people dont deal with.
My mind runs ahead to the disclosure talk and then all the way down to, What if we have sex and what if I give it to her? said Peckham, an IT professional who lives in Austin, Texas.
Peckham has had genital herpes for six years now and got it from an ex-girlfriend who didnt know she had it. He hasnt been in a relationship with any girls since his diagnosis, though hes been rejected by a few girls who asked to be friends after hearing about his condition. Due to this, Peckham said that he has to work harder than ever to secure a romantic relationship.
Some think of people like Peckham as immoral, assuming only people who sleep around get genital herpes. The stigma of the virus, which is the root of this faulty mindset, is usually worse than the symptoms themselves, as it affects dating, social life, and psychological health.
Genital herpes infection is common in the United States. CDC estimated that there were 572,000 new genital herpes infections in the United States in a single year. 1 Nationwide, 11.9 % of persons aged 14 to 49 years have HSV-2 infection . 2 However, the prevalence of genital herpes infection is higher than that because an increasing number of genital herpes infections are caused by HSV-1. 3 Oral HSV-1 infection is typically acquired in childhood; because the prevalence of oral HSV-1 infection has declined in recent decades, people may have become more susceptible to contracting a genital herpes infection from HSV-1. 4
HSV-2 infection is more common among women than among men; the percentages of those infected during 2015-2016 were 15.9% versus 8.2% respectively, among 14 to 49 year olds.; 2 ;This is possibly because genital infection is more easily transmitted from men to women than from women to men during penile-vaginal sex. 5 HSV-2 infection is more common among non-Hispanic blacks than among non-Hispanic whites . 2 ;A previous analysis found that these disparities, exist even among persons with similar numbers of lifetime sexual partners.;Most infected persons may be unaware of their infection; in the United States, an estimated 87.4% of 14 to 49 year olds infected with HSV-2 have never received a clinical diagnosis. 6
The age-adjusted percentage of persons in the United States infected with HSV-2 decreased from 18.0% in 19992000 to 12.1% in 2015-2016. 2
You can get genital herpes by having vaginal, anal, or oral sex with someone who has the disease.
If you do not have herpes, you can get infected if you come into contact with the herpes virus in:
You can get herpes from a sex partner who does not have a visible sore or who may not know he or she is infected. It is also possible to get genital herpes if you receive oral sex from a sex partner who has oral herpes.
You will not get herpes from toilet seats, bedding, or swimming pools, or from touching objects around you such as silverware, soap, or towels. If you have additional questions about how herpes is spread, consider discussing your concerns with a healthcare provider.
Women who have the herpes virus may have nooutbreaks or signs of infection. Many do not know theyhave the virus. Once you are infected, the virus staysin your nerve cells for life. When the virus is not active,there is no sign of infection. When the virus becomesactive, a herpes outbreak occurs. Some womenmay not have any outbreaks or may have only oneoutbreak, while others may have multiple outbreaks.
Recommended Reading: How Do You Get Herpes
According to the;Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 776,000 new genital herpes infections occur annually. About one out of every six people ages 14 49 has genital type 2 herpes. Thats 16% of us. If you also account for all of the many people who have genital type 1 herpes infections , there are a lot of people living with genital herpes infections.
Both genital herpes and;;are STIs, are spread through skin-to-skin contact, and are caused by a virus. But the viruses that cause genital herpes and genital warts are different:
There is no cure for either genital herpes or genital warts. But, different medicines c
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