Buying blow Kazakhstan

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Buying blow Kazakhstan

These datasets underpin the analysis presented in the agency's work. Most data may be viewed interactively on screen and downloaded in Excel format. All countries. Topics A-Z. The content in this section is aimed at anyone involved in planning, implementing or making decisions about health and social responses. Best practice. We have developed a systemic approach that brings together the human networks, processes and scientific tools necessary for collecting, analysing and reporting on the many aspects of the European drugs phenomenon. Explore our wide range of publications, videos and infographics on the drugs problem and how Europe is responding to it. All publications. More events. More news. We are your source of drug-related expertise in Europe. We prepare and share independent, scientifically validated knowledge, alerts and recommendations. About the EUDA. The content of this summary does not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the European Union, nor the official opinion of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and should be seen as the product of CADAP 5. Further information on drug situation in the Republic of Kazakhstan available on the website of the Monitoring Centre on Alcohol and Drugs. According to the data obtained in that study, the number of people dependent on drugs in the Republic of Kazakhstan was 1. Of these, The study found that 4. In view of the fact that the above study was conducted a number of years ago, currently there are no epidemiological studies that reflect the actual situation associated with drug use among the population. Key measures for the prevention of drug use are identified in the Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. In addition, each region approved regional programmes to combat drug abuse and drug trafficking. The performance of these programmes is reviewed annually. Regional programmes, like the national programme, are the basic instruments in the field of drug prevention and drug use among different population groups. In total, during the implementation of the Action Plan Programme for —11, more than 23 measures were organised, aimed at the primary prevention of drug abuse among young people and with a total coverage of over 1 million people. According to the Ministry of Tourism and Sports, particular attention is paid to the development of youth sports as alternatives to drug and alcohol use among young people. The Republican Centre for Healthy Lifestyles, which has branches in all the regions of Kazakhstan, plays an active role in the prevention of drug addiction and other diseases. It supports 17 youth health centres in the country, which provide comprehensive medical and psychosocial services, taking a friendly, accessible approach towards young people. Educational institutions still remain the major social institutions where most of the preventive measures take place. In , with the support of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime UNODC , an evaluation of preventive programmes in educational institutions took place in the country for the first time Espenova et al. This programme is now routine, and is carried out throughout the school year in each school. In accordance with the international definition, problem drug use PDU in the Republic of Kazakhstan is attributed primarily to injecting drug use. There are no reliable data on the use of cocaine, amphetamines and methamphetamines among the population of Kazakhstan. It should be noted that the high cost of these drugs in the country significantly limits their availability; most of the substances seized were attributed to the cities of Astana and Almaty. Recently, problems related to the emergence of desomorphine in the country have become apparent. Desomorphine is a home-made product that is manufactured from available codeine medications. Additionally, in there were reports in some regions of Kazakhstan indicating the abuse of tropicamide by drug users. At the end of , the estimated number of people who had injected drugs in the previous 12 months was in the figure was In there were 4 demands for inpatient care stemming from drug dependence, including 2 people who were seeking drug treatment for the first time in their life. The treatment demand indicator data collection covered In the past three years, the number of patients treated in state drug dispensaries has tended to decrease. At the same time, the number of people applying for drug treatment for the first time has shown an increasing tendency. For most cases, treatment is related to mental and behavioural disorders caused by the consumption of opioids F11 in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision ICD , , and the combined consumption of psychoactive substances F19 in ICD, Opioids have been the most problematic drug among patients treated since In opioids were the primary drug for According to the demographic characteristics, the majority of patients treated in were male The average age of patients was Some Many of the patients The average number of hospitalisations among individuals who had been treated previously was 4. In a total of 17 people in Kazakhstan were human immunodeficiency virus HIV positive, of which In recent years the proportion of cases for which injecting drug use was the route of infection among newly diagnosed cases of HIV has been decreasing, while the proportion of cases of sexual transmission is increasing Republican AIDS Centre, a. According to a repeated sentinel bio-behavioural surveillance survey BBS , the prevalence of HIV infection among injecting drug users was 3. The prevalence of HCV was higher in people aged 25 and older The prevalence of syphilis among IDUs in was Over five years the prevalence of syphilis in IDUs was within the range 8. In the Republic of Kazakhstan a forensic medical examination is carried out in accordance with the law for all deaths related to poisoning, including overdoses on narcotics and psychotropic substances. The rate of overdoses on drugs and psychotropic substances per 1 inhabitants fell more than two times from 0. The proportion of the total number of poisonings with narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances who were classed as young people increased from 4. During this period, the proportion of women among the total number of overdoses on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances also increased, from A comparison was made between the overall mortality rate in the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan in and the mortality rate among drug users except alcohol and tobacco , and the relative risk of death in the population of drug users as compared with mortality in the general population was calculated standardised mortality ratio — SMR. The SMR for men who use drugs was 2. The total SMR, including men and women who use drugs, was 2. The availability of a budget for outpatient treatment in some regions of the country especially in rural areas may be limited by the lack of primary healthcare PHC and a lack of professionals working in addiction treatment. Moreover, budgetary limitations on inpatient treatment result in low accessibility of treatment for people from remote areas and villages. In the public sector, hospital treatment of patients with drug and alcohol addiction is provided by 22 drug treatment clinics, five psychiatric hospitals and nine addiction clinics for compulsory drug treatment RSPC MSPDA, Outpatient drug treatment in was provided in cities by the dispensary departments of urban and regional drug treatment clinics 22 organisations , in small towns by the dispensary departments of psychiatric dispensaries five companies and in rural areas by drug advisory places in PHC organisations RSPC MSPDA, OST was first provided in the country in October Since the start of the OST project, individuals have attended it. No case of death from ingestion or overdose has been identified during the period of the project. Around Regional drug treatment clinics conduct annual monitoring of the proportion of patients in remission among all the patients of the dispensary who are registered as drug users. The purpose of the trust points is to provide safe injecting equipment and promote safe sexual behaviour among IDUs. In some 14 IDUs independently attended trust points, which is The direct coverage of prevention programmes of IDUs was In , the systematic coverage of IDUs by prevention programmes at least once per month was equal to In some Overdose prevention in the country is limited primarily to information and educational activities among drug users. These events are run by drug treatment organisations, AIDS centres, and specialised non-governmental organisations. Naloxone, which is the medicine often used in the prevention of overdoses among drug users, is available in healthcare facilities and has been added to the list of essential medicines in the country. Naloxone is used at ambulance stations and in emergency rooms in hospitals and intensive care units. However, it is not available in pharmacies. The main proportion of drug seizures in the Republic of Kazakhstan are of cannabinoids, which is due to the presence of wild cannabis in large areas country. In the past four years the volume seized from illegal drug trafficking has remained stable. In the total quantity of drugs seized was 33 tons kilograms Ministry of the Interior of Kazakhstan, The operational data of the Anti-Narcotics Committee of the Ministry of the Interior of Kazakhstan indicates that both wholesale and retail prices for all kinds of drugs increased significantly during —10; in prices remained at a similar level to According to the results of examinations conducted by the National Laboratory for the Legal and Scientific Support of State Control of Trafficking in Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and Precursors, it was found that the content of tetrahydrocannabinol in the marijuana that was seized ranged from 0. The purity of heroin varied from 1. During preparation for sale, diphenhydramine, citramon, analgin, aspirin, paracetamol and acetylsalicylic acid had been added, while in some cases, chloramphenicol, streptocid, sugar, baking soda, and citric acid had been used as cutting agents. Eighteen types of medicines containing codeine which is the raw substance for the preparation of desomorphine are registered. Of the reported drugs containing codeine, seven items are under strict control and 11 are not. Since codeine medications such as Solpadein, Yunispaz, Pentalgin-P or Antispazm have only been available by prescription. This measure is due to a sharp increase in the number of cases of abuse of these drugs Ministry of the Interior of Kazakhstan, According to the statistics of the Committee on Legal Statistics and Special Records of the General Prosecutor of the Republic of Kazakhstan, law enforcement authorities registered 4 crimes related to illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors in , as compared with 8 in , which represents a decrease of The crimes committed under Article of the Criminal Code, as a proportion of the total number of registered drug-law offences, was The basic document governing the legal basis of state policy in the field of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, and precursors and establishing measures to counter illicit trafficking is Law No. The commission of any acts storage, distribution, etc. Criminal liability for the sale of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances is irrespective of the amount involved. Drug abuse is not a criminal offence in Kazakhstan. The same acts repeated within a year incur a higher fine. Administrative detention is provided for a person who has been arrested twice within a year for this act. It provides criminal penalties for the illegal purchase, transportation, or storage without the purpose of selling of narcotics or psychotropic substances in large quantities. Since , administrative responsibility has been stipulated for the commission of this act Part p. The main directions of the national drug strategy — a reduction in the demand for drugs, drug supply reduction, a reduction of consumption and harm reduction — are in line with international practices in drug policy. On the basis of Decree No. The main objective of the programme is the further improvement of the system of effective government and public opposition to drug addiction and drug trafficking. The activities of the programme involve the implementation of a number of legislative initiatives that, in general, follow the direction of the previous programmes: the introduction of alternative forms of punishment, which is provided for drug addicts who have committed minor offences, and alternatives to criminal sanctions imprisonment in the form of compulsory treatment of drug addiction. Additionally, on the basis of Decree No. In September an inter-agency committee was formed at the level of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan to coordinate the activities of state bodies aimed at combating drug abuse and drug trafficking. The country continues an active policy of integration and cooperation with international partners and other countries, strengthening the international legal framework in the fight against drug trafficking. This strategy sets out the general direction for improving the system against illicit drug trafficking, the prevention of drug abuse and the treatment and rehabilitation of drug addicts. Activities on a number of joint projects aimed at the improvement of the measures taken by governmental bodies to combat drug abuse and drug trafficking were performed. Espenova, M. Lavrentyev, O. Homepage Quick links Quick links. GO Results hosted on duckduckgo. Main navigation Data Open related submenu Data. Latest data Prevalence of drug use Drug-induced deaths Infectious diseases Problem drug use Treatment demand Seizures of drugs Price, purity and potency. Drug use and prison Drug law offences Health and social responses Drug checking Hospital emergencies data Syringe residues data Wastewater analysis Data catalogue. Selected topics Alternatives to coercive sanctions Cannabis Cannabis policy Cocaine Darknet markets Drug checking Drug consumption facilities Drug markets Drug-related deaths Drug-related infectious diseases. Recently published Findings from a scoping literature…. Penalties at a glance. Frequently asked questions FAQ : drug…. FAQ: therapeutic use of psychedelic…. Viral hepatitis elimination barometer…. EU Drug Market: New psychoactive…. EU Drug Market: Drivers and facilitators. Statistical Bulletin home. Quick links Search news Subscribe newsletter for recent news Subscribe to news releases. Breadcrumb Home Publications Overview of the drug situation in Kazakhstan Overview of the drug situation in Kazakhstan Contents Drug use among the general population and young people Prevention Problem drug use Treatment demand Drug-related infectious diseases Drug-related deaths Treatment responses Harm reduction responses Drug markets and drug-law offences National drug laws National drug strategy Coordination mechanism in the field of drugs References.

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Buying blow Kazakhstan

China increased import of calcined petroleum coke CPC from Kazakhstan to 7. Kazakhstan has three refineries but only one in Atyrau has integrated calcined unit. Atyrau calcined petroleum coke is being supplied to Russia. Kazakhstan does not import green petcoke, but the country is buying calcined petroleum coke from Russia for its aluminum production, located near Pavlodar. Last year Till calcined petcoke had been supplied only to Russia — 2. Kazakhstan is an important supplier of anode grade petcoke for aluminum smelters, located in Xinjaing region, China. DYM Resources is a trading company specialized on niche oil products trading, while green and calcined petroleum coke are one of the core markets for the company. DYM Resources can supply green or calcined petcoke in rail wagon, dry bulk or containers. For enquiries please contact us via our web-site www. China tripled calcined petcoke import from Kazakhstan. Home News News China tripled calcined petcoke import from Kazakhstan Kazakh petcoke imports to China, Mt Kazakhstan has three refineries but only one in Atyrau has integrated calcined unit. Pavlodar refinery does not have calcined unit but has new calciner build in the same city. Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site. Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions. Functional Functional Always active The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. Accept Deny View preferences Save preferences View preferences. Privacy Overview. Ask a question. By clicking 'Send' user agrees to be contacted at the number or e-mail provided with more information or offers. There are cases when we are unable to provide a reply if we find the content of inquiry irrelevant.

Buying blow Kazakhstan