Buying Ecstasy online in Runners

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Buying Ecstasy online in Runners

A Calgary teenager takes us into the darkest recesses of the internet, where police scramble to keep up with traffickers. The package arrives by mail, delivered by Canada Post. The small manila envelope looks the same as countless other parcels the postal service delivers each day. But its contents are criminal. A Calgary teenager ordered the stimulant from what he calls the Amazon of drugs, an online market accessible only in the deepest corridors of the internet known as the dark web. Heroin, carfentanil and LSD have also steadily arrived in his community mailbox for the past two years, sometimes at a rate of three parcels a week. They're shopping for drugs on the so-called dark net, accessible not through traditional search engines but by way of special browsers and software that conceal IP addresses and make users harder to trace. These drug markets are clandestine dispensaries of illicit and dangerous substances that are sold in exchange for cryptocurrencies, such as bitcoin. For police, they pose a challenging front in the fight against the opioid crisis. The Public Health Agency of Canada predicts the number of opioid-related overdose deaths for will surpass 4, once the figures are available from all provinces and territories. Fewer than 3, such deaths were reported a year earlier. According to the RCMP's national headquarters and municipal police forces in cities such as Calgary, there are growing indications that the drug trade is increasingly moving to the dark web. There are signs that Canada has played a role in this shift. The country was at one point home to among the highest number of dealers globally in one dark web market, called AlphaBay, which was ultimately shuttered by police. But like a never-ending game of whack-a-mole, law enforcement agencies around the world employ new tactics to stamp out anonymous markets, only to see new ones pop up. Beginning with Silk Road, the first large-scale dark web drug market, in , traffickers and users have been flocking to these sites in part because they offer a degree of anonymity not available on the street. Specialized software, such as the commonly used Tor, routes user data through myriad servers and nodes around the world, disguising IP addresses — and by extension, identities — and making it difficult for law enforcement to track. Communication between buyers and sellers is generally scrambled with the help of encryption tools. And cryptocurrencies add another layer of protection for those seeking to duck police suspicion. In Calgary, police say it's difficult to pinpoint how many drug users are flocking to the dark net — and how much they're buying — because the markets change constantly. Liam knows what he's doing is dangerous, but he is addicted to drugs and hides his dependency from family and many of his friends. He's so worried that people will discover his double life that he risks overdosing alone. With roughly , listings, Dream Market is believed to be the world's largest market on the dark web and the biggest dark net shopping centre for drugs. A little more than half of the listings are for substances that are illicit, unregulated or diverted from legitimate sources. Dream boasts almost the same number of listings for other products, including items that purport to be designer clothes, counterfeit money and stolen online banking information. Liam buys only from Canadian drug vendors, fearing that importing heroin and meth across the border would put him at risk of investigation by the Canada Border Services Agency. The CBSA has the authority to open and inspect any package entering the country. For domestic mail, however, police must obtain a search warrant or have reasonable grounds to open packages. In a recent scan of the site, Dream featured roughly 1, listings for drugs that ship within Canada, ranging from opium, morphine and fentanyl to ecstasy, ketamine and date-rape drugs. Dream Market and other sites like it are likely helping fuel the deadly fentanyl crisis that has rippled across the country, says Sgt. Mike Lalande of the Calgary Police Service, who investigates cybercrime. They can sit at their computer or their smartphone, and they can purchase the drug of their choice and have it delivered to their home…. Whistleblowers in government or industry who don't want to be identified can use it to flag journalists to practices they see as immoral or illegal. People living in authoritarian regimes may use it to avoid detection while some access it to avoid having their internet use tracked. Investigators in Calgary say police crackdowns haven't been enough to suppress the growing appeal of dark web markets. Lalande says media attention that follows dark net busts appears to fuel public interest and likely drives up traffic on the remaining sites. Cybercrime investigators in Calgary, who, Lalande says, are 'always working dark web files,' face many obstacles. The nature of the dark net forces even municipal police officers to work globally to trace shipments and financial transactions. He says police are breaking new ground in the way they conduct investigations but would not provide details. They're fairly new kinds of investigations that police are just sort of understanding,' Lalande says. Lalande says this work has led to arrests, such as that of a year-old Calgary man who faces a dozen drug trafficking charges, among other offences. His trial is set to begin in November. Investigators posed as buyers and conducted 'countless hours of covert surveillance. Five months after announcing the bust, Mounties say they are continuing to investigate the alleged trafficking ring, though they haven't laid any charges. In a statement, the RCMP said it's attempting to 'identify shipping and manufacturing trends, international exporters, domestic distributors, clandestine labs and criminal networks in order to understand the fentanyl situation. Liam stumbled onto the dark net a couple of years ago when browsing the open web. There, he found step-by-step instructions on how to access the deepest recesses of the internet. The teenager had been using research chemicals — substances that often mimic the effects of illicit drugs but are not federally controlled — but he was looking for a broader variety than what he was getting from vendors on the internet. He was also worried that he was taking chemicals that weren't well researched, with unknown side effects. Liam says he was drawn to the dark net in part because of the wide selection and the anonymity. It comes directly to me, very discreetly. He was equally compelled by the system of vendor and product reviews. Similar to legal online retailers, dark net drug listings feature dozens of reviews, assessing the products for quality, purity and shipping times. Vendors are also critiqued, and many of them have myriad reviews. A screenshot from Dream Market, below, shows product reviews for mg of carfentanil. Finally found a good vendor!! Other reviews referencing the same listing aren't as favourable: 'Vendor is never honest about when he will or has shipped out order — very annoying,' reads a four-star review. Product G2 carfent is good quality. One hundred milligrams of carfentanil, a synthetic opioid more potent than fentanyl used to sedate large animals, could be enough to kill dozens of people, according to Dr. David Juurlink, a medical toxicologist at the Ontario Poison Centre. Almost Albertans died from carfentanil overdoses last year — half of them in the Calgary area — up from 30 the year before, and the death toll continues to rise. It's just a risk that I've decided to take. Some researchers who study the dark web have found the quality of drugs available on these hidden websites is superior to that of drugs sold on the street. One theory of why that might be is that the online review system holds dealers accountable, says Rasmus Munksgaard, a Montreal researcher. One study , published by the International Journal of Drug Policy, scrutinized lab results of more than samples of drugs that were purchased on so-called cryptomarkets and collected by a Spanish NGO from to The study found more than 90 per cent of the samples contained the drugs they were sold as, and that most samples were of high purity. Still, the study's authors cautioned they could not confirm whether their results would closely mirror what users would typically find on dark web markets. Lalande says while a string of negative reviews may 'weed out one bad vendor, another will take its place. Acting Staff Sgt. Jeremy Wittman, who leads the Calgary Police Service's cyber-forensic unit, says drugs for sale on the dark web are potentially lethal. The first major anonymous online market, Silk Road, emerged seven years ago and quickly gained the attention of media, government authorities and law enforcement, according to a research paper published last month by the International Journal of Drug Policy. Silk Road offered drugs, porn and fake IDs and driver's licenses for sale. It was shut down by the FBI in , but the concept had already caught on. As of last fall, there were nearly two dozen dark net drug markets of various sizes, according to a research paper by Meropi Tzanetakis of the University of Oslo and the University of Vienna. AlphaBay, which police allege was founded by a Canadian , was home to nearly 2, vendors with about 12, drug listings, according to Tzanetakis, who used a web-scraping tool to extract data from the site. The researcher found about 95 sellers, or four per cent, indicated they shipped from Canada during the month period. Canada had the sixth-highest proportion of dealers on the site among those who specified a location , outpacing France, Spain and China. The United States topped the list, with a quarter of vendors shipping from south of the border, followed by the United Kingdom, at nine per cent. The most popular products for sale were stimulants, such as cocaine and crystal meth, which accounted for 20 per cent of sales. Cannabis was second, with 18 per cent of the market, followed by opioids, including fentanyl, heroin and oxycodone, which together accounted for nearly 13 per cent of sales. In her paper, Tzanetakis said that other studies have suggested that most users of dark net markets are men in their early to mids who either work or are studying at the post-secondary level. They're largely occasional or recreational drug users, though some have potentially problematic addictions, she wrote. Liam says he takes drugs to medicate the effects of childhood trauma he was beaten by one of his parents, he says but that he's seeking help. He recently started meeting with addictions specialists. He says he's motivated to stop using drugs because he's enrolled in university this fall and doesn't want drugs to get in the way of his career ambitions. It's not something that you can just fix overnight or even fix in a week or a month,' he says. If you have a good story idea or tip, you can reach him by email at reid. Inside the dark web drug trade A Calgary teenager takes us into the darkest recesses of the internet, where police scramble to keep up with traffickers. A pouch stuffed inside the cushioned envelope conceals milligrams of methamphetamine. Drug trade moves from street to web There are many others like Liam. Liam, not his real name, opens a package containing crystal meth that he ordered on Dream Market. CBC Liam, not his real name, opens a package containing crystal meth that he ordered on Dream Market. CBC There are signs that Canada has played a role in this shift. But the dark web also offers drug traffickers cover from police surveillance. Mike Lalande investigates cybercrimes with the Calgary Police Service and says trafficking is moving online because of the anonymity and ease of use. Popularity is growing Investigators in Calgary say police crackdowns haven't been enough to suppress the growing appeal of dark web markets. RCMP display some of the evidence collected after an alleged dark web drug sting. RCMP Investigators posed as buyers and conducted 'countless hours of covert surveillance. Drugs arrive by mail, 'very discreetly' Liam stumbled onto the dark net a couple of years ago when browsing the open web. Dark net purchases a 'calculated risk,' teen says Liam says he takes a 'calculated risk' when he buys drugs on the dark web. As a 'fairly regular customer,' he knows the track record of certain vendors. When a new seller comes along, he'll look at reviews online, both on the dark and open web. Jeremy Wittman says drugs for sale on the dark web can be lethal, despite user reviews that Liam thinks add a layer of insurance. Dark net markets have proliferated since Silk Road The first major anonymous online market, Silk Road, emerged seven years ago and quickly gained the attention of media, government authorities and law enforcement, according to a research paper published last month by the International Journal of Drug Policy. Many more sites took its place. A notice of seizure posted on the dark net site AlphaBay in July Canada was 6th largest source of dealers on AlphaBay AlphaBay, which police allege was founded by a Canadian , was home to nearly 2, vendors with about 12, drug listings, according to Tzanetakis, who used a web-scraping tool to extract data from the site. Another 24 per cent of sellers didn't indicate the country they were shipping from. Canada ranked sixth in terms of the proportion of dealers on AlphaBay among those who gave a location. On a per capita basis, it ranked fourth. Meropi Tzanetakis, CBC The most popular products for sale were stimulants, such as cocaine and crystal meth, which accounted for 20 per cent of sales. Users are largely younger men In her paper, Tzanetakis said that other studies have suggested that most users of dark net markets are men in their early to mids who either work or are studying at the post-secondary level. Design: Drew Anderson. Related stories.

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Buying Ecstasy online in Runners

Grace Robinson and James Densley do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment. The centre aims to measure the threat of county lines, focus resources on the most serious offenders and work closely with partners in health, welfare and education to reduce the harms associated with the practice. For our latest research , published in the International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, we spoke with members of organised crime groups, police, staff on youth offending teams and young people aged between 14 and 17 involved in drugs gangs in Glasgow, Scotland and Merseyside, England, to find out what leads them to get involved in this practice, and how it affects their lives. Before gangs started using the county lines model, class A drugs such as heroin and crack cocaine were typically supplied in remote areas by user-dealers who would sell to locals from their own supply. Competition in these areas was low, and violence was kept to a minimum. Read more: Not all drug dealers are the same — it's time to ditch outdated stereotypes. But in recent years, gangs have been using experience gained in the big cities to enter into smaller, satellite areas with high demand, good profit margins and low police presence. They are leveraging violent reputations earned in the big cities to intimidate and dominate existing players in the illegal drugs market. Police in picturesque county towns such as Shrewsbury a town of about 70, people close to the Welsh border in Western England are now dealing with turf wars and homicides. During our research, we found that one of the root causes of this problem is how normal it is among teenagers to use cannabis — and the monetary cost of this. Young people in our study began smoking weed recreationally with their friends as young as Perhaps more significant than the psychological and physical effects of cannabis use, which are heightened around the time of puberty , was the fact that weed cost money that these adolescents did not have. The majority of county lines workers we interviewed in Merseyside owed money to a drug dealer. When they failed to pay, the indebted were forced into working for their dealers. Working the lines meant being deployed anywhere at any time, answering the phone without delay when their masters or clients called, and leaving their post only to meet paying customers. Some of our interviewees in Glasgow entered the trade by their own volition. They were willing to travel and simply asked known drug dealers for a job. Owing to boredom, poverty and a sense of hopelessness about their legitimate job prospects, these young people felt they had no choice but to sell drugs. Our findings expose a paradox at the heart of county lines — the exploited and the exploiters are often one and the same. Drug dealers, drug runners and drug users form a hierarchical structure, with the most vulnerable — the users — at the bottom. Drug runners look down on drug addicts to make themselves feel better about their own station. County lines expose that drug prohibition is not working: current laws neither effectively prevent young people from selling drugs, nor protect the most vulnerable in society from consuming them. Positive initiatives such as the National County Lines Coordination Centre are necessary for sharing intelligence between police and social service providers, but constrained by the folly of existing drug policy. Our research highlights that a criminal justice approach based on tough enforcement and recovering the proceeds of crime is not enough to dissuade dealers from dealing. Unless we tackle demand for illicit drugs, and the root causes of gang culture — namely social and economic marginalisation — county lines will continue to be drawn. Edition: Available editions Europe. Become an author Sign up as a reader Sign in. Events More events.

Buying Ecstasy online in Runners