Document PreviewAccess to the complete full textThis is a short preview of the document. Your library or institution may give you access to the complete full text for this document in ProQuest.Connect to ProQuestOnce connected, you can view documents in full as well as cite, email or print them. You can also find other documents related to your research within ProQuest. Results and conclusions: Serum vitamin D levels were significantly (P < 0.033) lower in ovarian cancer cases [20.1 ng/mL (61.8-6.93)] as compared to controls [4.6 ng/mL (47-7.3)] which was more evident in post-menopausal group of ovarian cancer patients. TNF-α levels were significantly higher in ovarian cancer patients [cases: 12.2 pg/mL (21.0-5.1); controls: 6.2 pg/mL (12.0-2.0); P < 0.001] and IL-4 levels were significantly lower as compared to those of controls (cases: 2.22 ± 0.51 pg/mL; controls: 2.99 ± 0.68 pg/mL; Vitamin D levels were negatively correlated (R2 = 0.092, P < 0.034) with TNF-α and positively correlated (R2 = 0.227, P < 0.001) with IL-4.
None of the ovarian cancer patients had serum vitamin D level in highest tertile of the study group. Our study provides evidence that increased Th1 cytokines release and decreased Th2 response are associated with low serum vitamin D which might be a risk factor for ovarian cancer. This indicates that supplementing vitamin D might be protective against ovarian cancer (especially in postmenopausal women) by modulating the cytokine environment. Clinical chemistry and Immunology is the back bone of any modern diagnostic lab. Lab uses top tier automated analyzers from manufactures of international repute. The Central Lab in Lahore is equipped with the Abbott Architect Ci8200, Abbott Architect i1000SR, Siemens Immulite and the Diasorin Liaison. The Ci8200 was the first Architect instrument to be installed in Pakistan. It is an integrated instrument with a C8000 routine chemistry module and an 12000 immunology module. The two modules work together to perform all of the required chemistry and immunology tests from one sample in a single run.
The Ci8200 can perform more than 1000 tests per hour. The Siemens Immulite 2000 is used to perform food and environmental allergy testing. Chughtai Lab operates STAT Labs in Lahore, Gujranwala, Multan, Rawalpindi and Karachi. These labs perform many common chemistry and immunology tests, dramatically reducing reporting time. All of the STAT Labs are equipped with automated analyzers of the same standard as the Central Lab in Lahore. Using automated instruments al all of these labs enables us to maintain the same high-standard of quality across the network. Chughtai Lab uses the Diasorin Liaison and the Abbott i1000SR instruments for Vitamin D testing.The National Kidney Foundation is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.The National Kidney Foundation designates this enduring for a maximum of 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
This enduring material activity "Management Strategies for Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in CKD: Vitamin D Supplementation" has been reviewed and is acceptable for up to 1.5 Prescribed credit(s) by the American Academy of Family Physicians. Term of credit begins July 12, 2016. Term of approval is for one year from this date. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. AAPA accepts certificates of participation for educational activities certified for AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™ from organizations accredited by ACCME or a recognized state medical society. Physician assistants may receive a maximum of 1.5 hours of Category I credit for completing this program.This program is approved for 1.5 contact hours of continuing education (which includes 0.41 hours of pharmacology) by the American Association of Nurse Practitioners. Program ID 16062211.This program was planned in accordance with AANP CE Standards and Policies.
The National Kidney Foundation is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center’s Commission on Accreditation.Awarded 1.5 contact hours of continuing nursing education (includes 0.41 contact hour in the area of pharmacology).The National Kidney Foundation is a Continuing Professional Education (CPE) Accredited Provider with the Commission on Dietetic Registration (CDR). CDR Credentialed Practitioners will receive 1.5 Continuing Professional Education Units (CPEUs) for completion of this activity/material.The University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) as a provider of continuing pharmacy education. Reading the learning objectives and faculty disclosures; participating in the entire knowledge-based activity, completion of the pre-test, active learning activity, post-test (minimum score of 70% required; may be taken up to 3 times) and electronic pharmacist activity evaluation;
estimating duration of time spent on the activity; and submission of NABP eProfile ID and MMDD are prerequisites for receiving continuing pharmacy education credits. This knowledge-based activity has been assigned ACPE Universal Activity Number 0016-9999-16-049-H01-P, for 1.5 contact hours (0.15 CEUs). All ACPE credit awarded to participants must be uploaded to CPE Monitor™ within 30 days of the activity date, so pharmacists and pharmacy technicians are required to provide their e-Profile ID and date of birth (MMDD) at the time of the activity. Please contact pharmce@uic.edu if you do not see activity information listed within 30 days. For more information and to set up your e-Profile visit: www.MyCPEmonitor.net.Learners will review the materials on accreditation information, target audience, learning objectives, and disclosure information; participate in the entire self-study consisting of slides and audio; and complete the post-test (minimum score of 70% required) and evaluation to successfully earn credit.
The estimated time for completion is 1.5 hours. It is the policy of the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) to ensure balance, independence, objectivity, and scientific rigor in all CME/CE activities. Any individual who has control over CME/CE content is required to disclose to learners prior to the activity any relevant financial relationship(s) they may have with commercial interests supporting this activity or whose products or devices are discussed in this activity. If, on the basis of information disclosed, a perceived conflict exists, resolution will be achieved based on NKF's Disclosure and Conflict of Interest Policy.During their presentations, faculty may discuss an unlabeled use or an investigational use not approved for a commercial product. Each faculty member is required to disclose this information to the audience when referring to an unlabeled or investigational use.The faculty and National Kidney Foundation (NKF) do not recommend the use of any pharmaceutical, diagnostic test, or device outside of the labeled indications as approved by the FDA.