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National anthem of the UK Head Of Government: Prime Minister: Boris Johnson ...( Program more) Capital: ...( Program more) Population: (2021 est.) 67,406,000 ...( Show more) Currency Exchange Rate: 1 USD equates to 0. 749 British pound ...( Program more) President: Sovereign: Queen Elizabeth II ...( Program more), island nation located off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe.

The name Britain is often utilized to describe the UK as a whole. The capital is London, which is among the world's leading business, monetary, and cultural centres. Other significant cities consist of Birmingham, Liverpool, and Manchester in England, Belfast and Londonderry in Northern Ireland, Edinburgh and Glasgow in Scotland, and Swansea and Cardiff in Wales.

Through subsequent conquest over the following centuries, kingdoms lying further afield came under English rule. Wales, a congeries of Celtic kingdoms depending on Great Britain's southwest, was formally unified with England by the Acts of Union of 1536 and 1542. Scotland, ruled from London considering that 1603, formally was joined with England and Wales in 1707 to form the UK of Great Britain.

The republic of Ireland acquired its self-reliance in 1922, however 6 of Ulster's nine counties remained part of the United Kingdom as Northern Ireland. Relations in between these constituent states and England have been marked by controversy and, sometimes, open disobedience and even warfare. These stress unwinded somewhat throughout the late 20th century, when degenerated assemblies were introduced in Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.

The UK has made considerable contributions to the world economy, particularly in technology and industry. Since The Second World War, however, the United Kingdom's most prominent exports have actually been cultural, including literature, theatre, film, television, and popular music that draw on all parts of the country. Possibly Britain's greatest export has been the English language, now spoken in every corner of the world as one of the prominent worldwide mediums of cultural and financial exchange.