Закладки Конопля Белая Калитва

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Закладки Конопля Белая Калитва

By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. To learn more, view our Privacy Policy. To browse Academia. Sanzharov S. The renewed interpretation of development of archaeological formations of Eastern Ukraine is proposed in this monograsphy. The vast majority of raised questions are devoted to territory of all south of Eastern Europe. The Late Repin population and tribes of the classical Donetsk, Middle-Dniper forest-steppe , Ingul and Manych Precaucasian cultures took part in its emergence. The further formation of the Late Catacomb entity was under active perception of different territorial local cultural features. In the 22nd BC migration of the Don- Volga population from the Middle Don territory accompanied by strong innovative influence and it had led to change of a general evolutionary development of the local Late Catacomb tribes and to turning of all entity to its final stage. Among the main causes which had led to occurrence of the Abashevo Don-Volga Culture on territory of Eastern Ukraine were changes of the general demographic situation in result of the cold snap and aridization during Subboreal period BC and also an aspiration of the Middle Don area population to take under control the Bakhmut cooper ore. Settlements with the earliest materials of the Abashevo Don-Volga culture are fixed only in immediate proximity to the Donetsk mines which are situated on the left bank of Seversky Donets river in the Zherebets — Aydar interfluve. Taking into consideration the collective graves from the Limarevsky barrow where skeletons are laid in syncretic Catacomb-Abashevo poses and have violent death traces put questions concerning aggressive character of the primary Abashevo penetrations and same conditions of intercultural contacts and relative duration of the period of the gradual interosculation of the local Late-Catacomb and alien abashevo traditions. Aggressive character of intercultural communications also have been established for stage of coexistence of the transformed final-Catacomb and Abashevo population by various localisation of constructions within framework of the common settlements, in cases of finding of the flint tanged arrows among bones in burial places of the MCC and their congestions in ruins in ditches and walls of the Liventsovka fortress. However as a result of sincretism of the interpenetration of the intercultural traditions in the steppe zone of Ukraine and the Low Volga region one can see a forming of new the Late-Catacomb entity which might be identified with the final late stage of the MCC which was allocated earlier by R. The latest group is synchronous with the latest Final-Abashevo antiquities of Eastern Ukraine sites of the Pokrovsk type and along with them took part in formation of basic parts of the Berezhnovka-Maevka Srubnaya Culture according with V. Economic basis for the demographic processes which are under current study was transition from the seminomadic mobile-settled way of life to settled way accompanied by introduction of the , farming and development of the communal crafts which have defined economic prospect of the population of the Late Bronze Age. The primary stage of social differentiation of those period might be illustrated by ranked gradation of the higher estate of the nobility which was based on process of property inequality which was in process of strong development in that time. Виталий Ткачев. Роман Литвиненко. Maria Razzak Yushkova. Sergey N. The article on the basis of the analysis of Catacomb Funerary Antiquities is considered the social structure of the Catacomb Society and the conclusion is made about the multi-ranking level representatives of the elite class. Начало эпохи поздней бронзы на севере Нижнего Поволжья. Vladimir Lopatin. В монографии рассматриваются ключевые вопросы культурогенеза начальной поры позднего бронзового века на северных территориях Нижнего Поволжья, Волго-Донского и Волго-Уральского междуречий. В книге представлены малоизвестные памятники, по материалам которых автор прослеживает процессы сложных поликомпонентных взаимодействий культурных групп, сыгравших решающую роль в сложении срубной культуры эпохи поздней бронзы Нижневолжского региона. Для специалистов-археологов, музейных работников, историков, студентов гуманитарных вузов и всех интересующихся древнейшей историей Восточной Европы. Ruslanova Rida. Aleksandra-Elizaveta Klimushina. Yury Kargin , Василий Матаев. The paper deals with the materials from the Eya 9 mound examined in the Eastern Azov Region in The authors assign it to the east-Azov early catacomb culture and date it back to — BC. This is based on such features as the mound body made of earthen blocks; vault character of the early catacomb burial complex; ritual site; table of oblation; symbolism of metalworking tools. This is regarded as reflection of the high social status of a group of male adults, probably linked not just with professional intentions, but with family and blood ties, as well. Burials 1, 2, with no implements available, were introduced into the mound during the post-catacomb transitional stage. In researches of the burial barrows within boundary of the Privolnaya meandr of Seversky Donets River were carrying by the Dahl University expeditions. A representative group of comparable burial materials, including the Late Pit Culture ones, were discovered on this territory at the end of the last century and these ultimately significantly expanded the general source base of the region based on the sites of the Bronze Age. The most expressive are the burial barrows and burial graves of the Early Catacomb period, which according to the main elements of burial ritual and the peculiarities of the accompanying implements demonstrate a cultural commonality and even homogeneity with groups of the Late Yamnaya and Early Catacomb antiquities of the Seversky Donets basin, Lower Don, Northern Azov and Lower Dnieper regions. Within the framework of the Seversky Donets natural-geographical region - the territory of the Privolnaya meandr - a significant concentration of individual kurgans and kurgan groups was established, often with five-meter barrows dominating the area. As field studies have shown, many barrows were erected in the Early Bronze Age by native cattle breeding tribes of the Late Yamnaya and Early Catacomb Cultures during the period of seasonal summer exploitation of steppe pastures and represent a whole range of specific elements of burial rituals. During the study of the Early Catacomb mounds of the Privolnya meandr, a tradition of erecting of rampart-shaped ring structures from bedrock soil and stones on the surface of the buried soil near the entrance shafts into catacomb was recorded. A striking feature of innovations in funeral rituals is the fixation of the modeling of the facial cover of the deceased with a special composition of clay and the discovery of miniature anthropomorphic stone steles in the entrance shaft. The accompanying inventory is plentiful and varied in composition. The discovery on the slope of the primary early Catacomb Culture mound of an anthropomorphic stone stele-idol with developed detailing of complex symbols on the entire surface is unique. Both in the burial architecture and in the burial rituals and implements, there is a clear dominance of the previous Late Yamnaya Culture traditions. Until the exploration of the burial mounds by the Dahl University expeditions in the Privolnaya meandr just the Lugan basin with its Belaya tributary was region of the Siversky Donets basin where an increased concentration of the Early Catacomb antiquities was noted. Here, according to the observations of S. Bratchenko, in the 23 excavated mounds, 33 early catacomb burials were revealed, accounting for one third of the total number known at that time. In this regard, the Lugan basin appears to be the local center of the Donetsk focus of The Early Catacomb cultural genesis within the general territorial boundaries of the primary Early Catacomb focus of cultural genesis from the Kuban to the Dnieper in the south and to the Donetsk-Middle Dnieper borderlands in the north. After the latest studies of the mounds and the obtaining of qualitatively new early Catacomb sites, the Privolnaya-Lisichansk center became the second local center of the Donetsk center of cultural genesis, covering a relatively small area of the Privolnaya meandr of the Seversky Donets. The Late Catacomb burials of the Privolnya meandr are characterized by a mixed cultural type. In the presence of expressive the Late Donetsk, Bakhmut and Manych cultural traditions, the features of the Kharkov-Voronezh Catacomb culture dominate. The burials, both main and inlet, are distinguished by the use of traditional catacombs, as well as kerving and pits with ledges. There were the deceased are laid in a strongly flexed position on the right side with their hands at their faces in lining with narrow entrance shafts. There are also deceased which laid on the left side. The variety of forms of burial structures, postures of the dead and positions of hands, degrees of flexing and instability in orientation indicate the beginning of the transformation of the Late Catacomb burial ritual and the transition to the Final Catacomb period. In one of the burials a ring-shaped bone buckle was found, which in the Final Catacomb period became one of the important attributes of the funerary inventory. The burials of the concluding, final period of the Catacomb community are characterized by pits with wooden floors and intra-grave structures at the bottom in the form of frames made of blocks with limited funeral inventory. One part of the dead is placed in a flexed position on the left side and is oriented to the West, the other is right-sided with orientation to the East. The burials are both main and inlet. The practice of arranging burials at the foot of the mound from the level of the ancient horizon, followed by filling with a common embankment, is recorded. In the burials, ring-shaped bone buckles and disc-shaped-bar figured buckles were found. The Post-catacomb burials are few in number and appeared after the disappearance of the catacomb burial rituals and traditional inventory. They are distinguished by the unstable postures of the deceased, the presence of thick-walled small jars on pallets, and the finds of bone buckles with two holes. The Final Abashevo burials were made mainly in barrows with the Final Catacomb graves. The deceased are laid in a weakly flexed position on the left side and are oriented to the North with declining to the East or West. The hands are placed at the chin. Pot-shaped and jar forms with expressive rough combs prevail in ceramics. The most numerous are the burials of the Srubnaya Culture of its developted stage. The appearance of long barrows was noted. The burials are illustrated by the main and inlet graves in the form of rectangular pits with overlapping blocks of wood, wooden frame structures at the bottom, tombs made of stones and slabs. Strongly flexed left-sided deceased with hands near the face are oriented to the North-East and East. The pottery consists of pot-shaped, sharp-ribbed vessels and jars. The discovery of a bone disk with a carved ornament in the form of a three-bladed swastika is noteworthy. The presented burial mounds and burials of the Bronze Age of the Privolnaya meandr of the Seversky Donets basin represent diverse groups of antiquities with bright distinctive features in rituals and implements. The specificity of local the Early Catacomb sites is so obvious that it makes it possible to consider them within the framework of the local Privolnya-Lisichansk Center of the Early Catacomb Cultural genesis. Both the catacomb and later burial antiquities find broad analogies in the composition of archaeological sources in adjacent regions. Log in with Facebook Log in with Google. Remember me on this computer. Need an account? Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. Санжаров С. Даля, Related Papers. Ткачев В. Литвиненко Р. Эпоха бронзы и ранний железный век на Северо-Западе России. Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата исторических наук. Русланов Е. Уфа, Климушина А. Археология Восточно-Европейской степи Каргин Ю. Курган эпохи средней бронзы «Ея 9» в Восточном Приазовье по материалам раскопок г. Саратов: СГУ, Курганные древности эпохи бронзы Привольнянской излучины Северского Донца.

Закладки Экстази Кап Кана