Wild Filipina
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Wild Filipina
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^ Carpenter, K.E. and V.G. Springer. 2005. Environmental Biology of Fishes (2005) 72: 467–480.
^ Jump up to: a b "Only in the Philippines" . Retrieved March 17, 2015 .
^ Jump up to: a b c Conservation International. "Biological diversity in the Philippines" . Retrieved March 17, 2015 .
^ Allen, Desmond. Birds of the Philippines .
^ "Species – EDGE of Existence" .
^ Brown M. R.., Siler D.C.. Oliveros H.C.. Esselstyn A.J..Diesmos C. A.. Hosner A. P.. Linkem W. C.. Barley J. A.. Oaks R. J.. Sanguila B. M.. Welton J. L.. Blackburn C. D.. Moyle G. R.. Peterson T. A.. Alcala C. A.. 2013. Evolutionary Processes of Diversification in a Model Island Archipelago (pdf). The Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics . Vol.44. pp.411–35. DOI:10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110411-160323. Retrieved on April 14, 2017
^ Brown, R. M., Siler, C. D., Richards, S. J., Diesmos, A. C. and Cannatella, D. C. (2015), Multilocus phylogeny and a new classification for Southeast Asian and Melanesian forest frogs (family Ceratobatrachidae). Zool J Linn Soc, 174: 130–168. doi:10.1111/zoj.12232
^ Nguyen, T.T.T., and S. S. De Silva (2006). Freshwater finfish biodiversity and conservation: an Asian perspective. Biodiversity & Conservation 15(11): 3543–3568
^ Mendoza, Jose Christopher E.; Darren C.J. Yeo (2014). "A new species of Isolapotamon Bott, 1968 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamidae) from Mindanao, with notes on the Philippine Isolapotamon species". In Yeo, Darren C.J.; Neil Cumberlidge; Sebastian Klaus (eds.). Advances in Freshwater Decapod Systematics and Biology, Crustaceana Monographs . Vol. 19. pp. 135–159. doi : 10.1163/9789004207615_009 .
The wildlife of the Philippines includes a significant number of endemic plant and animal species. The country's surrounding waters reportedly [1] have the highest level of marine biodiversity in the world. The Philippines is considered one of the seventeen megadiverse countries as well as global biodiversity hotspot. In the 2000 Red List of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), 418 of the country's 52,177 species were listed as threatened. [2]
The Philippines has among the highest rates of discovery in the world with sixteen new species of mammals discovered in the last ten years. Because of this, the rate of endemism for the Philippines has risen and likely will continue to rise. [3]
There are 714 species of birds in the Philippines, of which 243 are endemic, three have been introduced by humans, and 52 are rare or accidental. The Philippines has the third highest number of endemic birds only behind the much larger countries of Australia and Indonesia . There are 67 globally threatened species. These include the rufous hornbill and the critically endangered national bird of the Philippines, the Philippine eagle . The Philippines is also home to Tawi-Tawi's blue-winged racket-tail , the most endangered parrot species in Southeast Asia, the Sulu hornbill , one of the most endangered animals in the world with a population of just 27. and the Calayan rail , the most endangered rail species in the world, found only on a small island in the Babuyan Group of Islands. [4]
According to the EDGE of Existence Programme of the Zoological Society of London , the Philippines has the highest bird endemism in the world. Six of the world's 50 most evolutionary distinct and globally endangered (EDGE) species are found in the Philippines. These species are the Philippine eagle (15th place, the highest from the Philippines), spoon-billed sandpiper (#19), black-hooded coucal (#22), Sulu hornbill (#41), Cebu brown-dove (#46), rufous-headed hornbill (#50). Previously, in 2013, when the list was up to 100, the various bleeding heart dove species found only in the Philippines and the Philippine cockatoo were also in the list. [5]
There are more than 111 species of amphibians and 270 species of reptiles in the Philippines, 80% of the amphibians are endemic and 70% of the reptiles of the Philippines are also endemic. [6] It is believed that there are not more than 14 of the 114 total species of snakes including flying snakes in the country are venomous. Several species of reptiles and amphibians remains undiscovered. Unfortunately, several of these species were believed to have disappeared without ever being discovered. [2] The Philippines also has 50–60 endemic Platymantis frog species, by far the most diverse genus of amphibians in the archipelago. [7]
The endemic freshwater crocodile Crocodylus mindorensis is critically endangered and is considered the most threatened crocodilian in the world. In 1982, wild populations were estimated to be only 500–1,000 individuals; by 1995 a mere 100 crocodiles remained living in the wild. The recent discovery of a population of this species in the Sierra Madre mountains of Luzon brings new hope for its conservation. Projects were being made in an effort to save the crocodiles. The Crocodile Rehabilitation, Observance and Conservation (CROC) Project of the Mabuwaya Foundation is active in carrying out such projects.
Other unique and threatened reptiles include Gray's monitor and the Philippine forest turtle . There are two newly discovered species of frugivorous monitor lizard, the Panay monitor lizard from the island of Panay and Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor from north east Luzon, there are only three species of monitor lizards that are specialized frugivores .
The Philippines has about 330 freshwater fish, [8] including nine endemic genera and more than 65 endemic species, many of which are confined to single lakes. An example is Sardinella tawilis , a freshwater sardine found only in Taal Lake . Unfortunately, Lake Lanao , in Mindanao, seems to be experiencing the country's most catastrophic extinction event, with nearly all of the lake's endemic fish species now almost certainly extinct, primarily due to the introduction of tilapia , which is an edible fish, for the expansion of the fishing industry. Other exotic species were also introduced to the lake. [3]
About 70 percent of the Philippines' nearly 21,000 recorded insect species are found only in the country. In addition about one-third of the 915 butterflies found here are endemic to the country, and over 110 of the more than 130 species of tiger beetle are found nowhere else. One of the largest butterflies in the world and the largest in the Philippines, the Magellan birdwing can be found here. The largest moth, the Atlas moth , can be found in the Philippines. [3]
Crustaceans are very diverse in the archipelago. More than 50 species of freshwater crabs (in genera Carpomon , Insulamon , Isolapotamon , Mainitia , Mindoron , Ovitamon , Parathelphusa and Sundathelphusa ) are known from the Philippines and all are endemic to the country. [9]
Spiders that fly! Fish that walk! And 1000+ more incredible animals. Discover them all for FREE
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Below you can find a complete list of Filipino animals. We currently track 224 animals in Philippines and are adding more every day!
Across the 7,600 plus islands that make up the Philippines, you can find over 52,177 different types of animals. The country has one of the highest rates of discovery of new animal species in the world. Over 50% of these species exist nowhere else on earth. Encroachment, land fragmentation, and habitat loss threaten over 700 animals with extinction.
While many believe the national animal of the Philippines is the carabao, a native water buffalo , this is false. While the carabao is an important and symbolic creature in the Philippines, the official national animal is actually the Philippine eagle. This was declared in 1995 by the Philippine government in proclamation No. 615 .
Found on these islands are a surprising amount of animals native to the Philippines, some of which are rarely, if at all, found anywhere else in the world. Since the Philippines spread across over 7,000 islands, it is important to know where to find the top wild animals.
The Philippines has the third highest number of endemic birds, following Indonesia and Australia. Found on these islands are around 714 avian species: 243 endemic, three introduced, and 52 accidental. Birdwatching in the Philippines can be somewhat difficult, having to travel across the differing islands, many of which have unique dialects. Unfortunately, many of the native species are declining in population due to human encroachment and habitat loss, leading to endangerment and extinction. There are 4 main areas of the archipelago especially popular for wildlife and bird watching.
The Philippines is surrounded by around 1.36 million square miles of ocean and 11,000 miles of shoreline. In these waters, countless incredible species of marine life live, such as whale sharks , pygmy seahorses , cuttlefish , and blue ring octopus . Over 2,000 fish species swim the waters, contributing to an expansive fishing ecosystem. Anglers from around the world come to these waters to experience the wildlife but to also gamefish for unique species.
The Siargao Islands host an International Gamefishing Tournament, where fishermen compete to catch the largest fish. Fish can be caught year-round with the best season ranging March to May. Dorado , billfish, sailfish , marlin, and tuna are common catches in these parts.
Subic is known for its incredible reefs surrounding shipwrecks, attracting many species such as wahoo, mackerel, barracuda , sailfish, and giant trevally during the season of October to around June.
Freshwater fishing is also popular in many lakes of the archipelago. Largemouth bass fishing prevails at lakes Lumot and Caliraya, outside of Manila.
It is important to check out the local fishing guidelines and regulations before planning a trip in order to protect endangered species and habitats.
About 175 species of snakes live on the Philippine Islands or swim the waters. The archipelago is home to the longest snake in the world, the longest venomous snake ( King Cobra ), and the snake species with the longest venom glands (long-glanded coral snakes). Many venomous sea snakes swim the oceans surrounding the islands, a few examples including Coral Reef Snakes, Yellow-lipped Sea Kraits, Laticauda, and Hydrophis semperi (freshwater). Families of snakes found on the islands include:
Make sure to keep an eye on the ground, trees, and ocean when exploring the magnificent islands of the Philippines. If bitten by a snake, venomous or not, seek professional medical attention.
While many unique Filipino animals are not dangerous, there are a few that you need to be aware of if you visit this island nation.
Sadly, many of the animals living in the Philippines are endangered. Common threats to habitats and populations include overhunting, industrial development, and habitat fragmentation. While the country has passed laws to protect wildlife, they have not done a very good job of enforcing those laws, so exotic animals have minimal protection. Some of the most notable Philippine endangered wildlife include:
Zoos and wildlife parks are a great place to visit with children and families when looking for a fun adventure. There are around 15 zoos located in the Philippines, here are the top 5:
First evolved 100 million years ago!
They are so named because they "march" in armies of worms from one crop to another in search of food
This snake chews on its victims to release venom
Adult atlas moths do not eat - they live off fat they stored as larvae.
Extinct ancestor of all domesticated cattle!
People spin clothing and fishing nets out of these spiders’ silk.
What often prevents more people from falling victim is that the banded krait does not always inject venom in a defensive bite. It saves the venom for hunting prey instead.
Older offspring help care for new hatchlings.
Rock paintings of bees date back 15,000 years
There are more than 350,000 different species
The biscuit beetle form a symbiotic relationship with yeast
The blind snake is often mistaken for a worm.
There are thought to be up 20,000 species!
The camel crickets that are found in the USA are light brown in color. They also have dark streaks all over their body.
Carpenter ants can lift up to seven times their own weight with their teeth!
First domesticated by the Ancient Egyptians!
There are nearly 3,000 different species!
There are about 3,000 documented species!
First domesticated more than 10,000 years ago!
Highly social, smart, and chatty bird.
Dated to be around 300 million years old!
Pupae are able to undergo diapause to survive poor fruit yield years and winter.
The common furniture beetle feeds exclusively on wood
House spiders have the ability to eat most insects in a home.
There are over 80 species of coral snake worldwide.
There are nearly 1.5 million worldwide!
Found throughout the South-East Asian jungles!
Crab Spiders can mimic ants or bird droppings
Many are critically endangered species!
Male crickets can produce sounds by rubbing their wings together
Have changed little in 200 million years!
A group of these birds is called a Murder.
There are around 40 different species!
First domesticated in South-East Asia!
Dog ticks feed on dogs and other mammals
First domesticated 5,000 years ago!
Beneath the lizard’s “wings” are a pair of enlarged ribs for support.
Rows of tiny plates line their teeth!
The dung beetle can push objects many times its own weight
They are hermaphrodites, which means they have male and female organs
There are nearly 2,000 different species!
Eels can be a mere few inches long to 13 feet!
Spends around 22 hours a day eating!
The fastest creatures on the planet!
False spiders actually prey on black widow spiders and other hazardous spiders
The fiddler crab gets its name from the motion the males make with their over-sized claw during the mating ritual.
Found across mainland Europe and Asia!
The firefly produces some of the most efficient light in the world
Adult fleas can jump up to 7 inches in the air
There are more than 240,000 different species!
The second pair of upper incisors in a flying lemur has a double root, which is unique for mammals.
There are 12 different species in the world!
Freshwater eels are actually catadromous, meaning they migrate to saltwater to spawn
There are around 7,000 different species!
Fruit flies are among the most common research animals in the world
Named for the Arabic word for love poems
There are thought to be over 2,000 species!
Originally known as the Desert Rat!
The most common type of urban roach
Found inhabiting dense woodland and caves!
Males form large mating swarms at dusk
The green rat snake catches its meals in midair!
Able to run as quickly backwards as forwards!
Many hawk moth caterpillars eat toxins from plants, but don’t sequester them the way milkweed butterflies do. Most toxins are excreted.
Thought to be one of the oldest mammals on Earth!
Inhabits wetlands around the world!
There are only 8 recognized species!
Honey buzzards are medium-sized raptors that earned their names by raiding the nests of bees and wasps.
Stunning bird with a stinky way to deter predators!
The bird has a massive horn on its bill!
Horseflies have been seen performing Immelmann turns, much like fighter jets.
Thought to have orignated 200,000 years ago!
Some huntsman spiders have an interesting way of moving around. Some cartwheel while others do handsprings or backflips.
Found in swamps, marshes and wetlands!
There are an estimated 30 million species!
Some can jump 50 times the length of their bodies
The term "pecking order" comes from junglefowls' hierarchies among both sexes
The checkered keelback of the east Indies can detach its tail and grow it back, much like a lizard.
They are the longest venomous snake in the world.
Inhabits wetlands and woodlands worldwide!
There are more than 5,000 species worldwide!
The offspring of a lion and tiger parents!
There are around 5,000 different species!
Each locust can eat its weight in plants each day.
Often hangs upside down while feeding!
The lorikeet has a long brush-like tongue with fine hairs on it
They are found across Europe, Asia and Africa!
Found throughout Asia, India and China!
There are 2,500 known species worldwide!
They have a symbiotic relationship with ants.
Some species have a poisonous bite!
Primarily hunts and feeds on Earthworms!
During migration, Monarch Butterflies may travel 250 or more miles each day.
Range in size from just 1 to 3 foot!
Has characteristics of two or more breeds!
Some species are thought to carry a weak venom!
There are around 260 known species!
Feeds on aquatic insects and water-spiders!
Only the female mosquito actually sucks blood
There are 250,000 different species!
The offspring of a horse and donkey parents!
Roamed Asia and Europe for around 100,000 years!
The largest recorded specimen ever caught was 17" long
Able to regrow lost or damaged limbs!
Females are about four times the size of males
There are 13 different species worldwide
The owl can rotate its head some 270 degrees
Bad eyesight, but great sense of smell
Paradise Flying Snakes can glide over 100 yards!
Most commonly found on the Indian mainland!
Females lay between 8 and 12 eggs per clutch!
Philippine cobra is a highly venomous species of spitting cobra.
Thought to have been domesticated in 9,000 BC!
They can find their way back to their nests from up to 1300 miles away.
Found in mountainous regions and rocky areas
The male broods the eggs and baby fish in his mouth.
There are 30 different species worldwide!
The mantis can turn its head 180 degrees.
Inhabits woodland and forest areas worldwide!
There are more than 50 different species!
Rat snakes are constrictors from the Colubridae family of snakes.
The redback spiders found in New Caledonia differ from other populations in that they don’t practice sexual cannibalism and don’t bite people as much.
Inhabits freshwater habitats around the world!
There are more than 45 species in Australia alone!
The capybara, the world’s largest rodent, likes to be in and around bodies of water. Because of this, the Catholic Church in South America decided that it was a fish, and people were allowed to eat it during Lent and First Fridays.
Ferrets were used during the Revolutionary War to keep down the rat population.
There are more than 700 different species!
Male sambars will compete for mates by clashing together with their antlers
The sand crab burrows beneath the sand with its tail
There are around 2,000 known species!
The sea eagle tends to mate for life with a single partner
Males give birth to up to 1,000 offspring!
Around 35 million in the English countryside!
The spinal column of the shrew Scutisorex somereni is so strong and reinforced that it can support the weight of an adult human.
There are 2,000 different species worldwide!
Some skinks lay eggs in some habitats while giving birth to s
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