VIZHINJAM INTERNATIONAL SEAPORT
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ThiruvananthapuramThiruvananthapuram (Malayalam pronunciation: [t̪iɾuʋənən̪d̪ɐˈbuɾəm] TIRR-oo-və-NUN-tə-POOR-əm), also known as Trivandrum, is the capital city of the Indian state of Kerala. As of 2011, the Thiruvananthapuram Municipal Corporation had a population of 957,730 over an area of 214.86 sq. km, making it the largest and most populous city in Kerala. The larger Thiruvananthapuram metropolitan area had over 1.7 million inhabitants within an area of 543 sq. km. Located on the west coast of India near the extreme south of the mainland, Thiruvananthapuram is a port city located 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) from a heavily trafficked East-West shipping channel. The city is home to India’s first deep-water trans-shipment port, the Vizhinjam International Seaport Thiruvananthapuram. The city is characterised by its undulating terrain of low coastal hills. Thiruvananthapuram is also known for its cultural heritage, being associated with the musical contributions of Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma and the artistic legacy of painter Raja Ravi Varma. Thiruvananthapuram has contributed to the development of Malayalam literature through individuals like Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer, Kumaran Asan, C. V. Raman Pillai and Narayana Guru. The city is also known for Sree Padmanabhaswamy Temple, known as the richest temple in the world. The present regions that constitute Thiruvananthapuram were ruled by the Ays who were related to feudatories of the Chera dynasty. In the 12th century, it was conquered by the Kingdom of Venad. In the 18th century, the king Marthanda Varma expanded the territory, founded the princely state of Travancore and made Thiruvananthapuram its capital. Travancore became the most dominant state in Kerala by defeating the powerful Zamorin of Calicut in the battle of Purakkad in 1755. Following India's independence in 1947, Thiruvananthapuram became the capital of Travancore–Cochin state and remained so until the new Indian state of Kerala was formed in 1956. Thiruvananthapuram is a notable academic and research hub and home to the University of Kerala, APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, the regional headquarters of Indira Gandhi National Open University, and many other schools and colleges. Thiruvananthapuram is also home to research centres such as the National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Indian Space Research Organisation's Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, National Centre for Earth Science Studies and a campus of the Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research. Thiruvananthapuram is where India's space program began, with the headquarters of Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre located there. The city is home to media institutions like Toonz Animation India and Tata Elxsi Ltd, and also to Chitranjali Film Studio, one of the first film studios in Malayalam Cinema, and Kinfra Film and Video Park at Kazhakoottam, which is India's first infotainment industrial park. In 2012, Thiruvananthapuram was named the best Kerala city to live in, by a field survey conducted by The Times of India. In 2013, the city was ranked the fifteenth best city to live in India, in a survey conducted by India Today. Thiruvananthapuram was ranked the best Indian city for two consecutive years, 2015 and 2016, according to the Annual Survey of India's City-Systems (ASICS) conducted by the Janaagraha Centre for Citizenship and Democracy. The city was also selected as the best governed city in India in a survey conducted by Janaagraha Centre for citizenship and democracy in 2017.
VizhinjamVizhinjam (Malayalam: [ʋiɻiɲːɐm]) is an area located in the city of Thiruvananthapuram, the capital city of the state of Kerala in India. which belongs to Thiruvananthapuram Corporation . It is located 16 km south west from the city centre and 17 km south of Trivandrum International Airport along NH66. Adani Ports (APSEZ), India’s biggest private port operator, developed India's first deep water Transshipment Terminal Vizhinjam International Seaport Thiruvananthapuram in this area which was inaugurated by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 2nd of May 2025. It is a state owned port, owned by the Government of Kerala and will be operated by the Adani Group for a period of 40 years.
Adani Ports & SEZAdani Ports and Special Economic Zone Limited (APSEZ) is an Indian multinational port operator and logistics company, part of Adani Group. APSEZ is India's largest private port operator with a network of 12 ports and terminals, including India's first port-based SEZ at Mundra and the first deep water transshipment port at Thiruvananthapuram. The company has attracted controversies for cronyism, alleged stock manipulation and violation of environmental norms.
Tourism in ThiruvananthapuramTourism in Thiruvananthapuram district in the Indian state of Kerala promotes the area's hill stations, backwaters, beaches, lagoons, and wildlife sanctuaries. The area is a tourism destination and receives chartered flights for medical tourism, as there are more than a hundred recognised Ayurveda centres in and around the city. This is primarily due to Ayurveda's popularity in foreign countries. Medical tourism is further promoted by modern medicine hospitals in the city. Recuperation facilities are available at five-star beach resorts and hill stations nearby.
Vizhinjam International Seaport ThiruvananthapuramVizhinjam International Seaport Thiruvananthapuram ( , VIZ-in-jam ... TIR-uu-və-nə-TAH-puurr-əm), also known as Port of Trivandrum is India's first deep-water transshipment port. In the city of Thiruvananthapuram, the port is designed to be a multi-purpose, all-weather, green port and is about 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Thiruvananthapuram International Airport. It is India's first automated port, and its only port directly adjacent to an international shipping lane. The port is 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) from the heavily-trafficked east-west shipping channel connecting Europe to the Persian Gulf, Southeast Asia, and the Far East (Suez–Far East route and Far East–Middle East route). The port has a natural depth of 24 metres (reducing the need for dredging) and can host many of the world's massive cargo ships, including those exceeding 24,000 TEU such as ULCS container ships. The port was inaugurated by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 2 May 2025. The port's breakwater is India's deepest, reaching a depth of 28 metres (roughly equal to the height of a nine-storey building. The largest vessel to dock at the port is the MSC Türkiye (399.99 metres long and 61.3 metres wide, with a capacity of 24,346 TEU); the highest TEU movement on a single vessel was 10,576 TEU on the MSC Paloma. A cruise berth is under construction along the breakwater for cruise ships. When fully commissioned, the port is expected to be capable of accommodating 50 percent of India's container transshipment currently handled at Dubai, Colombo and Singapore. The project's first phase cost ₹8,867 crore (US$1.0 billion or €930 million); and the remaining phases cost ₹20,000 crore (US$2.4 billion or €2.1 billion). The port's location, near the southern tip of the Indian coast, provides access to other Indian ports on the eastern and western coasts. Its breakwater extends 7.5 metres above the waterline and 22 metres below. The breakwater is 3.1 kilometres long, and will be extended to 4.5 kilometres in the port's final phase. The STS Super Post-Panamax crane, with an outreach of 72 metres, a back reach of 20 metres, a rail gauge of 35 metres and a lifting height of 74 metres, is India's tallest STS crane. A rail connection planned for Vizhinjam Seaport will include the construction of India's third-longest rail tunnel. The port, owned by the government of Kerala, will be operated by the Adani Group for 40 years. Vizhinjam International Seaport is expected to compete with international ports such as Colombo in Sri Lanka, Salalah in Oman, Port of Jebel Ali in Dubai and Singapore Port. Its construction has three phases, with the first phase expected for completion by September 2024. It is proposed to follow the landlord-port model, accommodating passenger, container and other cargo shipping.
Ports in KeralaThe South Indian state of Kerala has a coastline of around 590 km. The state is home to two major ports (Cochin Port) operated by Cochin Port Authority & DP World and owned by Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways under Government of India and Vizhinjam International Seaport Thiruvananthapuram, India's first and only deep water automatic transshipment port.In India the ports under central government is classified as Major Ports and other Ports are classified as non major Port Vizhinjam International Seaport Thiruvananthapuram and Kochi Port, also known as Cochin Port, are the only major ports in Kerala and a prominent, historically significant port located on the southwest coast of India. It is strategically positioned on the Arabian Sea and has been a crucial center for trade and maritime activities for centuries. The port serves as a gateway for international and domestic trade, facilitating the import and export of a wide range of goods, including spices, tea, coffee, and seafood. The Vizhinjam International Seaport Thiruvananthapuram is India's first and only deep-water container transshipment port. Situated just 10 nautical miles from the international east-west shipping route, it boasts a natural depth of 20 meters and is a greenfield, all-weather, international transshipment port, Build on BOOT method (Build, Own, Operate & Transfer) by Adani Groups. Notably, it holds the distinction of being India's first automated port and is the only one in the country located adjacent to an international shipping route. The Trivandrum Seaport, Vizhinjam is a versatile facility capable of accommodating the largest cargo vessels in the world, including Ultra Large Container Ships (ULCS). Upon full completion, this seaport will be able to meet 75 percent of India's container transshipment demands, which are currently handled in Dubai, Colombo, and Singapore. Kochi Port’s importance is underscored by its modern infrastructure, including the International Container Transshipment Terminal, Kochi (ICTT) at Vallarpadam, which is capable of handling large mother ships. Additionally, the port features an oil terminal that serves one of India’s largest oil refinery Kochi Refineries, and it has facilities Kochi LNG Terminal for LNG (liquefied natural gas) handling. The Cochin Shipyard, one of India’s leading shipbuilding and maintenance facilities, is also part of the port’s extensive infrastructure. Moreover, the Kochi International Marina, the first full-fledged marina in India, adds to the port’s significance by catering to the needs of yacht owners and promoting nautical tourism. Kochi Port supports the state’s economy by boosting tourism, fishing, and various other industries. The port is also pivotal in enhancing regional connectivity and fostering economic growth through maritime trade, contributing significantly to the overall development of Kerala. Beypore Port handles most of the non-major port traffic in the state. It has both cargo and passenger services. Neendakara Harbour is the biggest harbour in the Asian continent. Ports owned by the central government are classified as major ports in India, while other ports are classified as minor ports.
Vizhinjam PortVizhinjam Port (Location Code: IN VZJ) is a minor port located within the Vizhinjam harbour near Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. Administered by the Kerala Maritime Board, it functions as a fishing harbour and facilitates coastal shipping operations. This port is distinct from the Vizhinjam International Seaport Thiruvananthapuram (Location Code: IN TRV), which is a deep-water transshipment port.
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