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The preparation and enforcement of the national drug policyis the responsibility of the Government of the CzechRepublic. The evaluationof two previous drug policystrategic documents — the National Drug Policy Strategy for the Period — and the — Action Plan — was finalised in The Strategy will be complemented with action plans, each spanning a three-year period. It also introduced significant changes in the statutory provisions pertaining to primary drug crime. To a certain degree, the new legal regulation differentiates drugs according to their health and social risks, as it makes a distinction between cannabisand other drugs as regards the cultivation of cannabis for personal use and the possessionthereof for personal use. In addition to the above-mentioned differentiation of drugs, the Penal Code newly provides for the offence of the unauthorised cultivation of a small quantity of plants containing a narcotic or psychotropic substance. Subsequently, the Government passed two regulations determining greater-than-small quantities of drugs and plants or mushroomsthat contain narcotic or psychotropic substances. Public expenditure on drug policyamounted to a total of CZK This sum included CZK In comparison to , total expenses showed a nominal increase on all three levels by 3. On the central level, there was a significant decrease in expenditure on the part of the Government Council for Drug Policy Coordination. Over one third of regional expenditures, however, was earmarked to finance sobering-up stations and the treatmentof intoxicated people. The aggregate of funds expended by municipalities experienced a slight increase. Out of the total comprised of all three levels of public budgets, CZK The sobering-up stations, funded almost exclusively from the regional budgets, cost CZK The surveys investigating public attitudes to drug useindicate that the Czech population is relatively tolerant towards the use of cannabis: an absolute majority supports the legalisation of the cultivation and possessionof cannabis, especially for medical purposes. In and in the first half of discussions and initiatives on the use of medical cannabis took place. The general public, the professional community, and politicians and representatives of the public administration were involved in these events and activities. The HBSC international surveyshowed that In comparison to the previous round of HBSC, carried out in , a rise in both the lifetime and last-year prevalencerates of cannabis use was observed. In the very first representative studyon drug useamong the prisonpopulation was conducted. It was found that the individuals starting their prison sentences show much greater experience of drug use than the general population. This particularly applies to women in general and to both genders as far as the use of heroin, pervitin, and cocaineis concerned. Dance party-goers and people associated with nightlifesettings constitute another subpopulation showing a significantly higher level of the prevalenceof illicit drug use. Apart from cannabis, the main drugs used among this group include ecstasy, pervitin, cocaineand hallucinogens. The estimated number of problem drug users continued to rise in ; the mean estimate reached the level of In comparison to the previous years, however, this increase is not statistically significant. While the year recorded a dramatic increase in the number of problem users of pervitin The number of injecting drug users also rose to approximately The concurrent use of pervitin and opiatesis common. In general, 0. It is estimated that one tenth to one quarter of offenders, i. Thus, their prevalenceof problem drug useis about 20—50 times higher than that among the general population. In addition, the levels of the current heavy or problem use of other drugs were estimated. In the Czech Republic, at least once per week in the last month, sedatives were used by almost one million people, cannabisby thousand people, ecstasyby 35 thousand people, hallucinogenic mushroomsby 30 thousand people, and cocaineby almost 15 thousand people aged 15—64, with young adults accounting for the largest proportion of users of these drugs. When extrapolating this proportion to the entire population of the CzechRepublic, we may conclude that approximately 1. Hazardous or harmful use of alcoholis attributed to 1 to 1. In seven HIV-positive people who may have contracted the virus through injecting drug use were newly identified. The numbers of newly reported cases of viral hepatitisC among injecting drug users have also been declining in recent years. The number of HBV cases recorded a slight year-on-year increase in An increased level of the incidenceof syphilis among injecting drug users continued to be observed in The available data suggest that there has been a long-term steady decrease in the level of high-risk behaviour, such as needle sharing, among injecting drug users. The information provided by the register of autopsies maintained by forensic medicine departments shows that the year witnessed another increase in the number of fatal overdoses on illicit drugs and inhalantsto a total of 55 cases. Cocaine was not detected in any cases of fatal overdosein For the very first time in Czech history, two fatal overdoses with the presence of the synthetic opioid fentanyl were reported. Calculated on the basis of analogical selection criteria, the rate of fatal overdoses on alcoholis approximately tenfold. The year recorded a further increase in pervitin-related deaths other than by overdose, while the number of such indirect deaths with the presence of THCfell. The traffic police records indicate that the number and proportion of accidents caused while under the influence of alcohol, as well as the number of people killed in such accidents, dropped in This positive trend has been confirmed by the data on autopsies of road accidentcasualties examined at forensic medicine departments. On the contrary, the numbers of accidents caused while under the influence of drugs other than alcohol and of people killed in such accidents are growing; the comparison with the data provided by forensic surgeons suggests, however, that the rates are still underreported by the police. In the CzechRepublic, drug users and addicts may seek help from a network of services providing a wide range of interventions which experienced no major changes in In comparison to the previous years, the slightly declining trend has been reversed, and the number of those in treatment returned to its and levels. Stimulant users have long predominated among those demanding treatment. They comprised the largest group among all treatment demands The second most numerous group was still made up of opiate users A slight aging of the treatment demand population is apparent; their average age has increased by more than four years over the past decade, reaching Women continue to account for one third of treatment demands. There has been a long-term increase in the number of patients in substitution treatment. The number of psychiatric outpatient services reporting the treatmentof users of alcoholand other drugs rose by almost one third to facilities in A maximum of 50—70 of those, however, may be considered the so-called AT outpatient services, i. The number of patients engaged with psychiatric outpatient services recorded a year-on-year decline, including all three of the largest groups of patients, i. The year experienced a moderate drop in the number of users of alcoholand non-alcohol drugs admitted to psychiatric inpatient facilities. The number of hospitalisations for alcohol reached the level of approximately 10 thousand per year, while the number of people admitted to hospital for non-alcohol drugs roughly made up half of that number. In the CzechRepublic, detoxificationunits are situated in 16 inpatient facilities with beds designated for this purpose. An additional 12 inpatient facilities provided detoxification in beds which were not specifically designated for this intervention. A total of 6, people underwent detoxification from addictive substances, including 3, cases of addiction to illegal drugs, during the year under observation. There are 36 prisons in the Czech Republic where drug users are provided with drug-free zones and various types of counsellingand treatmentservices, such as drug preventioncounselling centres and specialised wings for both voluntary and court-ordered treatment programmes. Almost no changes in their number occurred in ; the number of prisons providing detoxificationrose from 4 to 5. Eight prisons provided methadonesubstitution treatmentin The care of drug-using inmates was complemented by additional services delivered by 15 non-governmental organisations in 32 prisons. It is estimated that approximately one quarter of the individuals starting their prisonsentencewho may be referred to as problem drug users are placed in specialised prison wings or other departments providing professional care, such as drug-free zones. The number of low-thresholdprogrammes for drug users has fluctuated around on a year-on-year basis. In the past six years, however, a significant increase in the number of clients in contact with these has been observed. There has also been a long-term rise in the number of contacts with IDUs and the amount of injecting equipment and paraphernalia exchanged; almost 5 million hypodermic needles and syringes were distributed in The programmes for the distribution of gelatine capsules as an oral alternative to the administration of pervitinby injecting have also expanded. According to the available information, there are at least 30 capsule programmes in the Czech Republic, with one quarter of their clients being actively involved in the provision of the services. Almost 60 thousand capsules were handed out in The past three years experienced a gradual increase in the number of tests for infectious diseases carried out among drug users in contact with low-thresholdservices. In comparison to the previous years, however, the rate of tests for infections performed on clients of low-threshold services remains relatively low. Specific harm reductionservices aimed at club and dance settings were provided by four organisations as part of five programmes in However, the provision of these interventions has been discouraged recently. In the Czech Republic, the treatmentand care of people infected with HIVor with AIDS is provided at seven AIDS centres and is predominantly covered by health insurance; the provision of dispensary care and therapy for uninsured HIV-positive clients, which potentially also applies to injecting drug users, poses a problem. A questionnaire surveywas conducted in centres for the treatment of viral hepatitisin the spring of Its outcomes included the estimate that injecting drug users mostly ex-IDUs were treated for viral hepatitis C in 39 centres in Almost 2. Almost 1. There has been a long-term increase in the number of people prosecutedfor drug-related offences, and the proportion of people prosecuted for the possessionof drugs for personal use is also rising. From the long-term perspective, there has been an increase in the number of pervitin-related drug crimes, while offending associated with ecstasyand heroinrecorded a decline; the number of cocaine-related cases remains relatively small. Out of the aggregate of Marijuana and methamphetamine pervitin were the most widely available drugs in The popularity and availability of cocaineis increasing. The prices and purity of drugs are stable or within the range where moderate year-on-year fluctuations may be observed in certain substances. The majority of the marijuanaproduced is intended for the domestic market. Part of the production of cannabisgrown under artificial lighting is well organised and mostly involves people of Vietnamese origin. The number of cannabis plantations detected is also growing — were discovered. Pervitin is made by domestic manufacturers, particularly in small home labs. Nevertheless, the large-scale production of pervitin, controlled by organised groups originating from Vietnam or Albania, is becoming a common practice. Pervitin is generally manufactured using medication containing pseudoephedrine, mainly imported from Poland. The drug is primarily intended for the Czech market. A minor proportion of the production is exported abroad, particularly to Germany, which is especially facilitated by German citizens who are involved in the individual traffickingof small quantities as part of drug tourism. A total of Cocaine is mainly associated with the recreational and nightlifesettings in the CzechRepublic. In addition to Albanians, Romanians, and Bulgarians, people originally from West Africa, mostly Nigeria, are engaged in the import and distribution of cocaine. The body cavities of couriers swallowers are used to smuggle the drug. Couriers bring cocaine directly from South America or from Western European countries. Since there has been an increase in both the number of seizures and the quantity of the cocaine seized; the year recorded 42 seizures of cocaine in a total quantity of The demand for heroinon the Czech market is satisfied by means of small shipments up to 10 kg , and the drug is diluted mostly with paracetamol and caffeine before being sold at the street level. The quantity of the heroin seized and the number of seizures remain stable; there are approximately 50— seizures annually, involving a total quantity of 20—40 kg. Since the Czech Republic has experienced a rise in the emergence of legal highs. They are substances with effects similar to traditional drugs such as pervitin, marijuana, ecstasy, and hallucinogens, but are not subject to international and national illicit drug control systems, as they are not scheduled as illegal narcotic and psychotropic substances. They are primarily imported from Asia China, in particular and include mainly synthetic cannabinoids and cathinone derivatives, especially mephedrone. In the Customs Administration seized and analysed approximately kg of new synthetic drugs including 80 kg of mephedrone. In response to the increased supply of legal highs, Act No. This annual report concludes with three chapters on selected issues addressing in greater detail the interventions for drug users in prison, drug-using parentsand their children, and drug tourism. The first chapter provides a thorough summary of drug-related health policies and services within the prison system of the CzechRepublic in the context of the general health care provided to incarcerated offenders. The aim of the second selected issue is to cover the prevalenceof pregnant drug users and those users who are already parents of minor children and trends and characteristics pertaining to them, as well as describing specific services designed for such users and their children in the Czech Republic. Given the complex nature of the topic and the lack of data, the last chapter on a selected issue provides a rather unsystematic outline of information about the association between cross-border travel and drug use, or drug tourism, in the CzechRepublic. Use of Psych. Medicines in Czechia Report on Illicit Drugs in Czechia Our publications Focused bulletin Reports on the situation in the field of addiction. Summary of the Annual Report on the Drug Situation in the Czech Republic The preparation and enforcement of the national drug policyis the responsibility of the Government of the CzechRepublic. Back to top. Map of Aid.

2009 Annual Report: The Czech Republic Drug Situation

Usti nad Labem where can I buy cocaine

The preparation and enforcement of the national drug policy is the responsibility of the Government of the Czech Republic. Its main counsellingbody for drug-related issues is the Government Council for Drug Policy Coordination , which met three times in All 14 regions had drawn up their regional drug policystrategies in in the Pilsen region, drug issues are incorporated into the Policy Document on the Prevention of Crime and Socio-pathological Phenomena. At the turn of both national strategic documents were subjected to evaluationand new strategies for the forthcoming period were prepared. The evaluationof the National Strategy was pursued on an internal basis. The results showed that three strategic objectives had been achieved: the number of problem users of illicit drugs had been kept relatively stable, the rate of infectious diseases and other health risks among drug users remained low, and the network of services for drug users had been maintained. On the contrary, the experimental use of drugs continued to rise and efforts to stabilise or reduce drug consumption and the availability of drugs failed. It turned out that the character and potential of activities in individual areas of the action planand also the level of their successful implementation corresponded with the accomplishment of the respective strategic objectives. Shortcomings were identified in inter-agency coordinationand liaison. The evaluation also concluded that the drug policyhad faced a shortage of financial and human resources in the recent past. In May the Government approved the new National Drug Policy Strategy for the Period , which builds upon the previous strategy, but is different from it in being conceived as a long-term vision providing for the next nine years. The National Strategy defines four key objectives: I to reduce the level of experimental and occasional drug use, particularly among young people; II to reduce the level of problem and intensive drug use; III to reduce potential drug-related risks to individuals and society, and IV to reduce drug availability, particularly to young people. The Strategy will be complemented with three-year action plans. A new Penal Code became effective on 1 January It includes significant changes in how to address illegal drugs. In particular, the changes concern drug possessionfor personal use, where drugs are differentiated according to their social and health risks. In comparison to the previous sentencing guidelines, a lower punishment range will apply to the possession of cannabisin a quantity greater than small; other types of drugs will carry stricter sentences. Another significant change is the new provision concerning the illegal cultivation of plants and mushroomscontaining a narcotic or psychotropic substance. This activity will be covered by less strict sentencing guidelines than the production of drugs. In addition, the cultivation of a small quantity of plants or mushrooms for personal use will now be a misdemeanour. By virtue of two of its regulations, the Government determined drug quantities greater than small, as well as greater-than-small quantities of plants or mushrooms containing narcotic or psychotropic substances. This is a crucial change, as until now specific quantities were only accounted for by internal regulations intended for the police and public prosecutors. The Government regulations are generally binding legal rules which are also followed by courts in their decision-making. Labelled public expenditure on drug policyreached a level of CZK This amount included CZK In comparison to , total expenses showed a nominal increase on all three levels by 1. On the regional level, there was a slight increase in aggregate year-on-year expenditure; a significant increase was recorded in the region of South Moravia, while the region of Central Bohemia reported a marked decline. Over one third of regional expenditures, however, was earmarked to finance sobering-up stations. The aggregate of funds expended by municipalities experienced a slight decline. Out of a total amount of CZK Its purpose was to bring attention to the problems concerning the provision of subsidies and underfunding in general which endanger the quality and even the very existence of the services. No school-based studylooking into the issue of drugs was conducted in the Czech Republic in the latest results were provided in the Annual Report. However, a few small-scale surveys and projects focusing on the adult population were carried out. Surveys carried out at dance events and in other nightlifesettings suggest dramatically higher prevalence rates of illicit drug useamong this specific subpopulation of young adults: in addition to cannabis, they tend to use mainly ecstasy, followed by pervitin, cocaine, and hallucinogens. The year saw a significant rise in the mean estimate of the number of problem drug users, which reached the level of approximately Pervitin users approximately The number of injecting drug users also rose to about In addition, there was a slight increase in the number of opiate users to As confidence intervals for the estimates from recent years overlap, the observed increase should be interpreted with caution. Nevertheless, there was a statistically significant year-on-year increase in the numbers of problem pervitinusers and injecting drug users. In seven HIV positive people who may have contracted the virus through injecting drug use were newly identified, which is less than in and Thus, the reported incidenceof HIV among drug users returned to the more favourable levels experienced in the earlier years the total incidence rate of HIV in the Czech Republic is on the rise, however, as a result of the spread of infection among gay men. However, the results need to be interpreted with caution, bearing in mind the possibility of a sampling error. The rate of injecting among pervitinand opiate users in contact with counsellingand treatmentagencies has been decreasing slightly in the long term, but for the majority of these users it is still the most common route of administration. In , for the first time, data on new cases of sexually transmitted infections among injecting drug users are available. A rising trend in the incidenceof syphilis among injecting drug users has been observed in recent years: cases of syphilis among IDUs were reported in i. According to a special register, the year witnessed a slight increase in the number of fatal overdoses on illicit drugs and inhalants 49 cases in total reported by forensic medicine departments, which suggests the continuation of the slightly rising tendency already experienced in the previous year. In particular, the number of fatal opiate overdoses increased on a year-on-year basis, from 15 cases in to 20 in The rates of fatal overdoses on pervitinand inhalants showed almost no changes. Cocaine was present in two deaths classified as pervitin overdoses. From the mid-term perspective, the growing numbers of indirect pervitin- and THC-related deaths i. These data show a rising trend for the past three years. The traffic police records indicate that the number and proportion of accidents caused under the influence of alcoholand drugs, as well as the number of people killed in accidents caused by impaired drivers, continued to grow in There has also been an increase in both the number and proportion of people killed in accidents caused by drivers under the influence of other drugs, although the numbers of these reported by the police still tend to be much lower in comparison to the results of autopsies on individuals killed in road accidents investigated at forensic medicine departments. In the Czech Republic, drug users and addicts may seek help from a network of services providing a wide range of easy-to-access interventions. The network of helping agencies experienced no major changes in There was a decrease in the capacity of sheltered housing provided as part of after-care programmes for drug users. Early assessment and intervention tools aimed especially at childrenand young people have been introduced into treatmentand counsellingpractice at a growing rate in recent years. There was a year-on-year increase in the number of drug users listed in the Register of Treatment Demands maintained by the Public Health Service. A total of 8, drug users sought treatmentservices in , i. In comparison to the previous years, a slightly declining trend has been reversed, and the numbers of treatment demands returned to their and levels. Traditionally, stimulant users predominate as far as treatmentdemands are concerned. In , too, they comprised the largest group among all treatment demands The second most numerous group was made up of opiate users The age structure perspective reveals a slight aging of the treatment demand population. While the year-on-year increase in average age is small, a rising trend is apparent from the mid-term perspective. In , the average age of first treatment demands and all treatment demands was The average age of people seeking treatment for the first time has increased by more than three years over the past decade and that of all the people demanding treatment has risen by 3. Women continue to account for one third of treatment demands. There was also an increase in the number of drug users reported by psychiatric outpatient facilities. As regards the three largest user groups, there were slightly more opiate heroin users and fewer stimulant pervitin users, and polydrug users showed a more significant rise in their numbers. The year also experienced a growing number of illicit drug users admitted to psychiatric inpatient facilities, which resulted from an increase in the number of admissions to psychiatric hospitals. First and foremost, this increase was due to patients being admitted for disorders caused by polydrug use; the numbers of opiate and stimulant users who were hospitalised dropped. The number of patients in substitution treatmenthas also been on the rise. A wide range of counsellingand treatmentservices is available to drug users in prisons. Nine out of a total of 36 prisons provided methadonesubstitution treatmentin The care of drug-using inmates was complemented by additional services delivered by 15 non-governmental organisations in 30 prisons. The number of low-threshold facilitiesfor drug users has oscillated around on a year-on-year basis. In recent years, however, a significant increase in the number of clients engaged with these low-threshold programmes has been observed. Although the low level of availability of testing for infectious diseases and the very low degree of tests performed on the population of problem drug users may be seen as an enduring negative trend, the data from the past two years suggest that the negative trend is slowly being reversed. In and the staff of low-thresholdservices, particularly in Prague, repeatedly referred to clashes between street workers and police officers and the complex nature of work with ethnic minorities. There has been a long-term increase in the number of individuals arrested, prosecutedfor, and chargedwith drug-related criminal offences. Specifically, more people were prosecuted for and charged with drug possession Section a , while fewer people were adjudged to have promoted drug use Section a. The most common drug-related charges are associated with pervitin, cannabis, and heroin; currently, the involvement of cannabis in drug offences is on the rise, while that of pervitin has dropped. The highest number of sentences is awarded in relation to drug production and trafficking Section and in connection with pervitin. Since misdemeanours involving drug possessionfor personal use and since also misdemeanours involving the cultivation of plants or mushroomscontaining a narcotic and psychotropic substance for personal use have been dealt with by the local authorities of municipalities with extended competences instead of the Police of the Czech Republic. The relevant data were not available at the time of writing of this report. According to expert estimates, drug users are annually responsible for approximately thousand criminal offences, which accounts for approximately one fifth of all the offences detected in the Czech Republic about thousand per year. Their most common crime is vehicle burglary. The police records show that The largest number of criminal offences on the part of non-alcohol drug users was committed under the influence of pervitinand cannabis. Cannabis is the most widely available drug in the Czech Republic. In this country, cannabisis frequently grown in artificial conditions which contribute to its higher THCcontent. The number of large-scale indoor cannabis growing sites detected is increasing 84 in Pervitin remains the second most frequently seized drug, although the year experienced the detection of the smallest number of pervitin-cooking laboratories in the past three years From May pharmacies were restricted in terms of their supply of medicines containing pseudoephedrine, which is used as the main precursor in the production of pervitin. Although this measure led to a reduction in the sale of these pharmaceuticals in the Czech Republic, an increase in illegal imports of the products from abroad, mainly from Poland, was recorded. For this reason, measures intended to control the availability of medicines containing pseudoephedrine at the European level have been recommended. Cocaine has become a well-established stimulant drug, particularly in the nightlifesetting. Twenty-six cocaineseizures were recorded. The total quantity of The number and the total volume of heroinseizures have remained relatively stable. The fewest seizures and the smallest quantity of the drug seized in the past four years were recorded for ecstasyin ; tablets containing mCPP as the active ingredient have a significantly larger share of the Czech market than those containing MDMA. On the dance scene, in particular, growing interest in mephedrone was observed in The emerging popularity of this stimulant substance may be partly explained by the lack of ecstasy tablets containing MDMA and by mephedrone, like a number of other new synthetic drugs, not being controlled, or banned, in many countries. This also applies to the Czech Republic, where the handling of mephedrone and other new synthetic drugs may, under specific circumstances, be prosecutedas the offence of promotion of drug use, but it cannot be classified as drug production and trafficking. According to the drug marketestimates, almost 19 tonnes of cannabis, 4. The prices of most common drugs remained stable in , although a slight increase in both the average and most frequent prices for cannabiscould be observed at the retail level. The Report concludes with three chapters on selected issues, including treatmentguidelines, drug use-related mortality, and the cost of drug-related treatment. The first chapter addresses the treatmentguidelines standards covering the area of the treatment of drug users in the Czech Republic. These standards are tools guiding the process of the maintenance and assurance of the quality of services, which makes it possible to assess whether, and to what extent, a specific service is provided in good quality. There are several types of guidelines: training guidelines, guidelines for centres, facilities, and programmes, case- and diagnosis-based procedural guidelines, methodological guidelines, and ethical guidelines. The Czech Republic has elaborated the type of guidelines standards governing the operation of centres, facilities, and programmes. Such guidelines are primarily represented by the so-called Certification Standards of the Government Council for Drug Policy Coordination. Compliance with these standards is tested as part of the certificationprocess. Conceived as an inter-agency instrument, these guidelines cover a wide range of health, social health, and social services. The Standards for Quality in Social Services of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs and the standards for primary drug preventionprogrammes developed by the Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports also fall under this category. Czech examples of guidelines for case- and diagnosis-based procedures include the Recommended Treatment Procedures for Addiction Disorders and Pathological Gambling developed by the Psychiatric Society of the J. The purpose of the second selected issue is to provide information about mortalityrelated to drug useand its significance in terms of public health. This chapter presents an overview of the mortality cohort studies among drug users carried out hitherto in the Czech Republic and summarises their results. Drug users in the Czech Republic show a higher mortality rate in comparison to their peers in the general population. The available studies suggest that their relative risk of death is at least 10 times higher than is the case for the comparable general population age group. Women and very young adults show the highest risk, given the respective low mortality rates for these demographic groups in the general population. In proportion, the highest risk of death occurs shortly after the onset of problem drug use, which is usually at a very early age. The third chapter on a selected issue provides an overview of the cost of drug-related treatmentin the Czech Republic, which is addressed in the context of primary preventionand harm reductionand structured according to types of treatment interventions. It covers the costsincurred in relation to addiction and drug usecounselling, treatment, and after-care, not those of the treatment of health consequences and complications, such as infectious diseases and injuries, brought about by drug use. The data reflect the situation, as more recent data concerning the expenses of the General Health Insurance Company spent on drug-related treatment were not available for analysis. The identified costs of prevention, harm reduction, and drug use treatment and aftercarein the Czech Republic in amounted to CZK The most resources to fund treatment and aftercare, CZK Treatment and aftercare receives less financial support from the budgetof the Government Council for Drug Policy Coordination than harm reduction programmes, but significantly more than primary prevention. When different types of programmes covering the domain of treatment and aftercare are compared, the greatest proportion of all the resources is earmarked for institutional treatment. The resources spent on abstinence-oriented outpatient treatmentrank second, followed by substitution treatmentin third place. The smallest amount of resources is dedicated to treatment in therapeutic communities and aftercare. An additional comparison of treatment interventions indicates that therapeutic communities and aftercare programmes, which are not covered by health insurance, as they do not have the status of a healthcare facility, have the relatively smallest amount of financial resources to use. When the cost is calculated in relation to the number of clients, therapeutic communities turn out to be the most expensive, although the average period of treatment in a community is much longer than in an institutional setting. Use of Psych. Medicines in Czechia Report on Illicit Drugs in Czechia Our publications Focused bulletin Reports on the situation in the field of addiction. Back to top. Map of Aid.

Usti nad Labem where can I buy cocaine