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Home » Mom or Mum – What’s the Difference?
Our mothers have made many sacrifices for us, so it is important that we always speak to them with respect. The words you use to do so might be different in American and British English, though.
Depending on where you live in the world, you might call your mother mom or mum for short. Continue reading to learn more about the differences between these words.
In this post, I will compare mom vs. mum and outline which language community uses which word. These examples will allow you to see each word in context. Plus, I will show you a helpful memory tool that you can use to choose either mum or mom next time you need one of these words.
What does mom mean? Mom is a noun . It is a shortened form of mother , which means a female parent or matriarch . Mom is very common in spoken American English, but in most written contexts, mother is more likely to appear.
What does mum mean? Mum can be a noun or an adjective .
As an adjective , mum is a synonym of silent , like in the phrase mum’s the word .
As a noun , mum has two meanings. A mum is a type of flower often grown for decorative purposes. It is also an alternative spelling of mom , where it means mother .
Mom is more common in American English, while mum is more common in British English. The charts below show the relative usage of mum vs. mom in both language communities. I have isolated the mother sense of mum by charting the phrases my mom and my mum .
These charts aren’t scientifically accurate or completely exhaustive, however, since they only graph these words in books published in English since 1800, to the exclusion of spoken English and even other print sources. Still, they are a useful proxy for long-term usage trends that involve these words.
Here are some example sentences for mum .
Since these words have the same meanings, it can be difficult to remember when to use mum or mom. Only mum is an adjective, so that is an easy choice.
Since mum and United Kingdom both contain the letter U , you can use that letter as a reminder the mum is the British version of this word.
Is it mom or mum? Mom and mum are two spelling variants of a noun that means a female parent .
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In general practice, people often resort to the use of perfect grammar when writing personal messages or even formal messages. At some point, you must have wondered, if you are to capitalize "Mom" and "Dad"? When and when not to do so in various instances.
When a family title word (Mom or Dad) is being used as a replacement for the name of the referred person, then it is capitalized. However, in instances other than that, the family title is not capitalized in the sentence.
Although this oversimplifies things a little bit, the rules to adopt for capitalization in certain scenarios and the exceptions are still yet to be covered. Meaning there are scenarios where different approaches need to be adopted when you ask yourself if you capitalize "Mom" and "Dad". These will be explained in the upcoming sections.
In the English language, you will find that some words belong to different grammatical categories without experiencing any change in their form. The words, "Mom" and "Dad" are examples of such a phenomenon, i.e, depending on the situation, we can use these words as both, common nouns as well as proper nouns. For example;
In this sentence, the word "Mom" is giving a directly specifying a distinct person in this statement. So even when it is used as a replacement for the name of a person, it is still identified as a person specific noun.
So when the question arises in your mind if you do capitalize "Mom" and "Dad"; When and when not to capitalize would instantly become crystal clear in your mind upon understanding the basic idea.
While trying to understand the concept of capitalization and grammatical category on when and when not to capitalize the words "Mom" and "Dad" may be confusing at times, it would be better to focus towards understanding a series of capitalization rules which these words follow. As we do this the relevance for capitalizing these words will be more consistent and clear.
Following are some rules which help define the different rules.
If either "Mom" or "Dad" is being used to directly refer to a person's name, then it will be considered as a proper noun and thus, it will be capitalized. For example in the sentence
"Mom" is being used as a name. To make things simpler, think of these words like nicknames. If you are using these words to refer to your parents as you would by using their actual names, then they will be capitalized. This holds true for any family title, for instance, "Mom", "Dad", "Grandfather", "Grandmother", "Brother", and "Sister", etc. Here's another example to make things more clear.
These examples clearly illustrate the adequate use of the words under the rule.
If the words "Mom" or "Dad" are followed by any type of pronoun, then they are grammatically considered as common nouns and we all know that a common noun is never capitalized. To understand this rule better, consider the example shown below:
In this sentence, the word "mom" is preceded by a pronoun "my" (which is also known as a possessive pronoun or a possessive adjective). According to the rule, whenever these words are being used with a pronoun, then they are to be treated as a common noun. Hence, the word "mom" remains uncapitalized. However, if we were to slightly rephrase the sentence and omit the pronoun, then the result would be the capitalization of the word "Mom" as shown below:
As you can see, since there is no pronoun alongside the word "Mom", it is considered as a proper noun and thus, capitalized.
This is one of the most basic grammatical rules and even applies here as well. If the word "Mom" and "Dad" are being used to start the sentence itself, then by default, they will be capitalized every time. For example,
The word "Dad" and "Mom" are capitalized because of the convention that every word starting the sentence will always be capitalized. However, it is important to remember the fact that even if these words were not placed at the beginning, they would still be capitalized because they are being used as proper nouns.
Just as how we consider the word as a common noun if a pronoun is attached to it, similarly, if we are using an article (a, an, the), then the words "Mom" and "Dad" will not be capitalized. For example
So, to sum up, the rules, if you are using a pronoun or an article along with the words "Mom" and "Dad", then you will not capitalize on them. However, if you are not using an article or pronoun, then you will capitalize these words.
It is always possible that whenever there are some to the point standardized rules, there are bound to be a few exceptions that stand as opposed to the standard logic of the rule. The set of rules shown above have a few exceptions.
If a complete sentence is nested within the original sentence using quotation marks, then the first word will always be capitalized. It is very common for people to forget that each statement mentioned in the quotation marks is a new sentence that has a completely varying idea. For example,
In this example, the statement within the quotation marks is present a varying idea and thus in order to preserve the exact wording and meaning of the statement, the sentence is placed under the quotation marks.
If the family title reflects the relationship rather than the proper noun, then it will not be capitalized, for example
One of the most common confusions that you will come across is when you are using the words "Mom" and "Dad" in the same sentence as a proper noun and in the next instance, as a common noun. However, if you follow the rules, the answer is simple, capitalize it when it is being used as a nickname and don't when it is being used with a pronoun or an article. For example,
If we discard the rules and try to guess which instance of the word "Dad" we need to capitalize, then things become quite chaotic. Instead, we used the rule of 'pronouns and articles preceding the family title' and 'family title being used as a name' to answer our question of 'do you capitalize "Mom" and "Dad"? When and when not to".
Generally, people do not give much thought to the capitalization of these words. Here are a bunch of examples that you will find commonly scattered in conversations and texts.
In all of these sentences, the capitalization of the words "Mom" and "Dad" are incorrect. We will discuss the proper rules for doing so in the upcoming sections.
To conclude the discussion, the words "Mom" and "Dad" can be used as proper nouns and common nouns. When they are being used as a proper noun, they need to be capitalized at all times. If they are being used as a common noun, they don't need to be capitalized.
So, when writing "Mom" and "Dad" in a sentence, these are the rules of thumb we need to keep present in order to do it properly.
Shawn Manaher is the founder and CEO of The Content Authority. He's one part content manager, one part writing ninja organizer, and two parts leader of top content creators. You don't even want to know what he calls pancakes.
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A Manhattan private school aiming to use more “inclusive language” is encouraging its students to stop using the terms “mom,” “dad” and “parents” because the words make “assumptions” about kids’ home lives.
The Grace Church School in Noho — which offers academic courses for junior kindergarten through 12th grade — issued a 12-page guide to students and staff explaining the school’s mission of inclusivity.
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