Usa Army Sex

Usa Army Sex
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^ Jeff Schogol (26 January 2022) Sexual harassment is now officially a crime in the US military

^ Jump up to: a b c Castro, Martin (1 September 2013). sexual assault in the military (PDF) . U.S. Commission on Civil Rights 1331 Pennsylvania Ave NW Washington, DC 20425: U.S. Commission on Civil Rights. p. 38 . Retrieved 22 January 2019 . {{ cite book }} : CS1 maint: location ( link )

^ Cooper, Helene (May 2014). "Pentagon Study Finds 50% Increase in Reports of Military Sexual Assaults" . The New York Times . Retrieved 28 May 2014 .

^ Ellison, Jesse (3 April 2011). "The Military's Secret Shame" . Newsweek . Retrieved 11 April 2011 .

^ "Embattled: Retaliation against Sexual Assault Survivors in the US Military" . Human Rights Watch. 18 May 2015 . Retrieved 10 September 2016 . According to a 2014 Department of Defense survey conducted by RAND Corporation, 62 percent of active service members who reported sexual assault to a military authority in the past year indicated they experienced retaliation as a result of reporting. The survey defined retaliation to include professional retaliation (such as adverse personnel action), social retaliation (ostracism or maltreatment by peers or others) and administrative action or punishments. Because only active service members participated in the survey, service members who left the armed forces—either voluntarily or involuntarily—after reporting a sexual assault were not included, so the actual rate of retaliation may well be higher.

^ "Booted: Lack of Recourse for Wrongfully Discharged US Military Rape Survivors" . Human Rights Watch. 19 May 2016 . Retrieved 10 September 2016 . Many were discharged with a less than honorable discharge (also known as "bad paper") for misconduct related to their sexual assaults, which can exclude veterans from virtually all benefits. In the course of reporting a sexual assault, the victim may reveal conduct that is prohibited under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (such as adultery or fraternization), which may lead to a discharge. Prior to 2011, male service members in particular risked being thrown out of service for homosexual conduct for reporting rape by a male, even though the conduct was non-consensual. Symptoms of trauma may also impact performance and lead to a misconduct discharge.

^ "The Women's War" article by Sara Corbett in the New York Times magazine, 18 March 2007

^ "Female Soldiers Raise Alarm on Sexual Assaults" article by Kimberly Hefling msnbc.com

^ Gerber M, Iverson K, Dichter ME, Klap R, Latta R. Women veterans and intimate partner violence: Current state of knowledge and future directions. Journal of Women's Health, 2014; 23: 302-309

^ Jump up to: a b Dichter ME, True G. "This is the story of why my military career ended before it should have:"Premature separation from military service among U.S. women veterans. AFFILIA: Women and Social Work, 2015; 30(2): 187-199. doi : 10.1177/0886109914555219

^ Dichter ME, Wagner C, True G. Women veterans' experiences of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual assault in the context of military service: implications for supporting women's health and well-being. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 2016 Sep 20. [Epub ahead of print]

^ Jump up to: a b British army (2015). "Sexual harassment report 2015" (PDF) . gov.uk . Retrieved 8 March 2018 .

^ Jump up to: a b Deschamps, Marie (2015). "External Review into Sexual Misconduct and Sexual Harassment in the Canadian Armed Forces" (PDF) . forces.gc.ca . Retrieved 8 March 2018 .

^ Leila, Miñano; Pascual, Julia (2014). La guerre invisible: révélations sur les violences sexuelles dans l'armée française (in French). Paris: Les Arènes. ISBN 978-2352043027 . OCLC 871236655 .

^ US, Department of Defense (2017). "Department of Defense Annual Report on Sexual Assault in the Military: Fiscal Year 2016" (PDF) . Retrieved 9 March 2018 .

^ House of Commons Defence Committee (12 July 2021). "Protecting those who protect us: Women in the Armed Forces from Recruitment to Civilian Life (the Atherton Review)" . Parliament.uk . Retrieved 4 November 2021 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: url-status ( link )

^ Watkins, Kimberley; Bennett, Rachel; Richer, Isabelle; Zamorski, Mark. "Sexual Assault in the Canadian Armed Forces: Prevalence, Circumstances, Correlates, and Mental Health Associations" (PDF) . Retrieved 8 March 2018 .

^ American Public Health Association (30 October 2013). "Cessation of Military Recruiting in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools" . www.apha.org . Retrieved 8 March 2018 .

^ Rutherford, Sarah; Schneider, Robin; Walmsley, Alexis (2006). "Quantitative & qualitative research into sexual harassment in the armed forces" (PDF) . Archived from the original on 18 October 2012 . Retrieved 8 March 2018 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( link )

^ Cooper, Charlotte (July 2022). "British army: Welfare concerns at the Army Foundation College, Harrogate" (PDF) . Child Rights International Network . Retrieved 17 August 2022 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: url-status ( link )

^ Whyte, Lara. "Tenfold rise in rapes and sexual assaults on girls in military" . The Times . ISSN 0140-0460 . Retrieved 4 November 2021 .

^ British army (2021). "Sexual harassment 2021 report" (PDF) . gov.uk . Retrieved 16 August 2022 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: url-status ( link )

^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (22 May 2019). "Sexual misconduct in the Canadian Armed Forces Regular Force, 2018" . www150.statcan.gc.ca . Retrieved 20 August 2022 .

^ Jump up to: a b Acosta, Joie D.; Chinman, Matthew; Shearer, Amy L. (19 July 2021). "Countering Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment in the U.S. Military: Lessons from RAND Research" : 4. {{ cite journal }} : Cite journal requires |journal= ( help )

^ Defence, National (10 June 2022). "Part I – Sexual Misconduct" . www.canada.ca . Retrieved 20 August 2022 .

^ Ministry of Defence (14 April 2022). "Armed Forces: Offences against Children" . parliament.uk . Retrieved 16 August 2022 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: url-status ( link )

^ Ministry of Defence (16 May 2022). "Armed Forces: Offences against Children" . parliament.uk . Retrieved 16 August 2022 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: url-status ( link )

^ "Air Force relieves commander over sex scandal" . The Seattle Times . 10 August 2012 . Retrieved 22 August 2022 .

^ Watkins, Kimberley; Bennett, Rachel; Richer, Isabelle; Zamorski, Mark. "Sexual Assault in the Canadian Armed Forces: Prevalence, Circumstances, Correlates, and Mental Health Associations" (PDF) . Retrieved 8 March 2018 .

^ MacManus, Deirdre; Short, Roxanna; Lane, Rebecca; Jones, Margaret; Hull, Lisa; Howard, Louise M.; Fear, Nicola T. (1 September 2022). "Intimate partner violence and abuse experience and perpetration in UK military personnel compared to a general population cohort: A cross-sectional study" . The Lancet Regional Health – Europe . 20 . doi : 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100448 . ISSN 2666-7762 . PMID 35813966 .

^ Department of Defense Task Force on Sexual Violence. (2004). "Sexual Harassment Survey of Reserve Component Members" (PDF) .

^ "What is sexual assault?" . au.reachout.com . au.reachout . Retrieved 13 January 2019 .

^ Army Study Guide: "Army Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Program" . Retrieved 4 June 2013.

^ "Report of the Defense Task Force on Sexual Harassment and Violence at the Military Service Academies" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 October 2005 . Retrieved 11 January 2014 .

^ "10 U.S. Code § 920.Art. 120. Rape and sexual assault generally" . Uniform Code of Military Justice . Legal Information Institute . Retrieved 12 May 2020 .

^ Ellison, Jesse. "Judge Dismisses 'Epidemic' of Rape in Military Case" . The Daily Beast . Retrieved 11 January 2014 .

^ "Department of Defense Annual Report on Sexual Harassment and Violence at the Military Service Academies Academic Program Year 2010-2011: Report to the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives" (PDF) . United States Department of Defense. 21 October 2011 . Retrieved 27 December 2011 . The 65 reports represent an increase from the 41 reports made in APY 09-10. The Department does not have the ability to conclusively identify the reasons for this increase in reporting behavior. However, in prior years' assessments, the Department identified steps the academies could take to encourage more victims to report. Some of the increased reporting of sexual assault may be attributed to these efforts as well as many other factors.

^ Marshall, Serena (17 November 2011). "Sexual Assault in the Military: New Legislation Seeks to Alter Reporting Process" . ABC News . Retrieved 10 September 2016 . Out of the 13 percent of victims that report, 90 percent are involuntarily honorably discharged, as was the case for Odam.

^ "Speier Speaks Out Against Military Handling of Sexual Assault" . Human Events Powerful Conservative Voices. 22 November 2011 . Retrieved 10 September 2016 . A study conducted by the Military Rape Crisis Center reports over 90 percent of all victims are involuntarily discharged from service while more often than not the assailants are given a slap on the wrist, often promoted or given an Honorable Discharge, she said.

^ "U.S. Commission on Civil Rights 2013 Statutory Report on Sexual Assault in the Military" (PDF) . www.usccr.gov. 30 September 2013 . Retrieved 29 April 2014 .

^ Jump up to: a b DACOWITS (PDF) . United States: The Defense Advisory Committee on Women in the Services. 17 May 2013. p. 23 . Retrieved 19 January 2019 .

^ Jump up to: a b "Archived copy" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016 . Retrieved 6 December 2015 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( link )

^ "The Invisible War - Rape and Sexual Assault in the Military - Independent Lens - PBS" . PBS .

^ SPEIER, REP. JACKIE. "Assaults in armed forces must stop immediately - NY Daily News" . New York Daily News .

^ Jump up to: a b Koons, Jennifer (9 August 2013). "Sexual Assault in the Military". CQ Researcher : 693–716.

^ Scarborough, Rowen (20 May 2013). "Victims of sex assaults in military are mostly men" . Washington Times . Retrieved 28 August 2014 . When the Defense Department released the results of its anonymous sexual abuse survey this month and concluded that 26,000 service members were victims in fiscal 2012, which ended Sept. 30, an automatic assumption was that most were women. But roughly 14,000 of the victims were male and 12,000 female, according to a scientific survey sample produced by the Pentagon. Brown, Matthew Hay (14 December 2013). "Breaking the silence" . Baltimore Sun . Retrieved 28 August 2014 . The outrage over sexual assault in the military has focused largely on female service members, and with reason: A woman in uniform is much likelier to be targeted than a man, Pentagon surveys indicate. But because male service members greatly outnumber females, officials know the majority of sexual assault victims — 53 percent in 2012 — are men even though they acknowledge that the rate is disproportionally high among women.

^ Jump up to: a b c Turchik, Jessica; Susan Wilson (15 April 2010). "Sexual Assault in the U.S. Military: A Review of the Literature and Recommendations for the Future". Aggression and Violent Behavior . 15 (4): 267–277. doi : 10.1016/j.avb.2010.01.005 .

^ "SEXUAL ASSAULT PREVENTION & RESPONSE" . usafa.edu . usafa . Retrieved 13 January 2019 .

^ Jump up to: a b Farris, Coreen; L. Schell, Terry; Tanielian, Terri (1 January 2013). "NATIONAL DEFENSE RESEARCH INSTITUTE" (PDF) . RAND. http://www.rand.org/ . doi : 10.7249/op382 . S2CID 11383228 . Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 January 2019 . Retrieved 19 January 2019 . {{ cite news }} : External link in |agency= ( help )

^ DACOWITS (PDF) . United States: The Defense Advisory Committee on Women in the Services. 17 May 2013. p. 20 . Retrieved 19 January 2019 .

^ "HOME" . www.sapr.mil .

^ Beech, Eric (6 March 2019). "Senator McSally, an Air Force veteran, says she was raped by a superior officer" . Reuters . reuters.com . Retrieved 9 March 2019 .

^ Parker, Ashley (15 Feb. 2011). Lawsuit Says Military Is Rife With Sexual Abuse . New York Times . Retrieved 16 March 2011.

^ Hefling, Kimberly (16 Feb. 2011). U.S. Veterans Say Military is Mishandling Rape Case . The Day .

^ Levinson, Nan. War Is Not a Game, 2014, 266(n).

^ "Air Force general's reversal of pilot's conviction for sexual assault angers lawmakers" . Articles.washingtonpost.com. 28 February 2011. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013 . Retrieved 11 January 2014 .

^ "General's promotion blocked over her dismissal of sex-assault verdict" . The Washington Post . 28 February 2011 . Retrieved 11 January 2014 .

^ "Archived copy" (PDF) . Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 April 2014 . Retrieved 3 December 2013 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( link )

^ Helms, Susan. "Disapproval of Findings in U.S. vs. Herrera" (PDF) . U.S. Air Force . Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 December 2013 . Retrieved 23 March 2014 .

^ Taranto, James (23 March 2014). "Meet Col. Williams" . The Wall Street Journal.

^ "Air Force Lt. Col. acquitted of groping woman in lot" . CNN.com. 14 November 2013 . Retrieved 11 January 2014 .

^ Dowd, Maureen , "America’s Military Injustice" , New York Times , 7 May 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.

^ Davidson, Amy, "Military Sexual Assault: Shame Isn’t Enough" , The New Yorker Close Read blog, 8 May 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.

^ Jump up to: a b Zengerle, Patricia, "Top U.S. general warns of sexual assault 'crisis,' meets Obama" , Reuters , 16 May 2013. Retrieved 18 May 2013.

^ "Gillibrand, Collins, Boxer, Johanns, Benishek, Gabbard, Begich, Blumenthal, Coons, Franken, Hirono, Mikulski, Pryor, Schatz, Shaheen, Rockefeller, Hanna, Sinema, Joined by Service Members Victimized by Sexual Assault in Announcing Bicameral Legislation Reforming Military Justice System" , search result at gillibrand.com . Search was for first eight names in headline. Link to actual press release was dead. Retrieved 18 May 2013.

^ MNCentral, "Franken Co-Sponsors Military Justice Improvement Act; Will Kline Call It a Knee-Jerk Reaction" , MN Political Roundtable , 17 May 2013. Retrieved 18 May 2013.

^ "Fmr. Coast Guardsman Claims Sexual Assault Led To Murder | Law & Crime" .

^ "H.R. 2527 - Summary" . United States Congress . Retrieved 27 May 2014 .

^ Neiweem, Christopher J. (27 March 2014). "Submission for the Record of VetsFirst" . House Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Archived from the original on 29 May 2014 . Retrieved 27 May 2014 .

^ Jump up to: a b c "Submission for the Record of Wounded Warrior Project" . House Committee on Veterans Affairs. 27 March 2014. Archived from the original on 29 May 2014 . Retrieved 27 May 2014 .

^ Jump up to: a b Speier, Jackie (16 September 2020). "Actions - H.R.8270 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): I am Vanessa Guillén Act of 2020" . www.congress.gov . Retrieved 24 February 2021 .

^ Jump up to: a b "Summary of H.R. 8270 (116th): I am Vanessa Guillén Act of 2020" . GovTrack.us . Retrieved 24 February 2021 .

^ Lara Seligman (04/29/2021) Pressure mounts on Austin to support major shift in handling military sexual assault

^ Darryl Coote (29 Apr 2021) Senators introduce bipartisan military justice reform bill to prosecute sexual assault

^ "United States Department of Defense: Sexual Assault Prevention and Response" . Retrieved 3 March 2014 .

Sexual assault in the United States armed forces is an ongoing issue which has received extensive media coverage in the past. A 2012 Pentagon survey found that approximately 26,000 women and men were sexually assaulted that year; of those, only 3,374 cases were reported. [2] In 2013, a new Pentagon report found that 5,061 troops reported cases of assault. Of the reported cases, only 484 cases went to trial; 376 resulted in convictions. [3] Another investigation found that one in five women in the United States Air Force who were sexually assaulted by service members reported it, for one in 15 men. [4]

A survey for the Department of Defense conducted in 2015 found that in the past year 52% of active service members who reported sexual assault had experienced retaliation in the form of professional, social, and administrative actions or punishments. [5] In addition to retaliation against soldiers remaining in active service, many former service members who reported sexual assaults were forced to leave after being discharged. Reasons for discharge included having a "personality disorder" or engaging in misconduct related to the sexual assault such as fraternization or (prior to the end of don't ask, don't tell ) homosexuality, even if the homosexual conduct was non-consensual. [6]

Incidents which have been publicized include the 1991 Tailhook scandal , the 1996 Aberdeen scandal , the 2003 US Air Force Academy sexual assault scandal , the 1995 Okinawa rape incident , and the 2009-12 United States Air Force Basic Training scandal . In an attempt to deal with this problem, the Department of Defense issued the Department of Defense Sexual Assault Response policy. A provision in the 2004 National Defense Authorization Act required investigation and reporting regarding sexual harassment and assault at the United States military academies. A report published in The New York Times in March 2007, which surveyed women soldiers' experience in the Iraq War , showed significant incidences of post traumatic stress syndrome resulting from the combination of combat stress and sexual assault. [7] Of the female veterans from Iraq and Afghanistan who have visited a Veterans Affairs (VA) facility, 15% have screened positive for military sexual trauma. [8]

Women veterans who have been subjected to both sexual and physical assault are more likely to have chronic health issues and significantly lower quality of life in terms of their health more than 10 years after completing active duty. [9] In one study, women veterans detailed how traumatic experiences such as sexual assaults from peers and supervisors and the subsequent lack of support after these incidents contributed to their decision for premature separation from military service. [10] Many of these women see these experiences as robbing them of promised opportunities when they enlisted, and feel betrayed when the military's handling of their sexual assault cases resulted in them having to continue to work with the perpetrator. [10] Another article suggests that women in the military might have worse consequences of reporting Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and find increased difficulty in prosecuting perpetrators due to the nature of military service. [11] It has been proposed that military commanders who handle sexual assault cases be sensitized to the dynamics and impacts of IPV in order to lessen secondary victimization of women and provide a greater social
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