Transgender Slang
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Transgender Slang
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Assigned sex at birth: The sex (male or female) assigned to a child at birth, most often based on the child’s external anatomy. Also referred to as birth sex, natal sex, biological sex or sex.
Cisgender: A term for people whose gender identity generally matches the gender assigned for their physical sex. In other words, someone who does not identify as transgender. The word is derived from the Latin root “cis” meaning “on this side.”
FTM: Female-to-male transgender person. Sometimes identifies as a transgender man. Someone assigned the female gender at birth who identifies on the male spectrum.
Genderqueer and/or nonbinary: People whose gender identity and/or gender expression falls outside the binary categories of man and woman. They may define their gender as falling somewhere in between man and woman, or they may define it as wholly different from these terms.
Gender affirming: Adjective used to refer to behaviors or interventions that affirm a transgender person’s gender identity (e.g., a physician using cross-sex hormones for a transgender patient may be called gender affirming, as can the use of a correctly gendered pronoun.)
MTF: Male-to-female transgender person. Sometimes known as a transgender woman. Someone assigned the male gender at birth who identifies on the female spectrum.
Transgender: An umbrella term for people whose gender identity does not match the sex they were assigned at birth. Transgender people may identify as straight, gay, bisexual or some other sexual orientation.
Transition: An individualized process in which transgender people move from living aligned with the sex they were assigned at birth to living aligned with their gender identity. There are three general aspects to transitioning: social (e.g., presentation, relationships, employment, names/pronouns); medical (e.g., hormones, surgery, mental health) and legal (e.g., changing gender marker and name on legal documents and identification). Each person’s transition path is unique.
Gender Affirming Medical Interventions
Bottom surgery: Colloquial phrase to describe gender affirming genital surgery.
Breast augmentation: Enlarging the breasts using breast implants.
Chest masculinization: A bilateral mastectomy that removes most of the breast tissue, shapes a contoured male chest, and refines the nipples and areolas.
Facial feminization surgery: Includes such procedures as reshaping the nose, and brow or forehead lift; reshaping of the chin, cheek and jaw; Adam’s apple reduction; lip augmentation; hairline restoration and earlobe reduction.
Facial masculinization surgery: Includes forehead lengthening and augmentation; cheek augmentation, reshaping the nose and chin; jaw augmentation; thyroid cartilage enhancement to construct an Adam’s apple.
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT): The process in which transgender people choose to take a prescription of synthetic hormones. For transgender women, that may include estrogen as well as testosterone blockers. For transgender men: testosterone (T).
Metoidioplasty: A surgical procedure that works with existing genital tissue to form a phallus, or new penis. It can be performed on anyone with significant clitoral growth caused by using testosterone.
Penile construction/phalloplasty: The construction of a penis generally includes several procedures that are often performed in tandem. They may include the following: a hysterectomy to remove the uterus, an oophorectomy to remove the ovaries, a vaginectomy to remove the vagina, a phalloplasty to turn a flap of donor skin into a phallus, a scrotectomy to turn the labia majora into a scrotum, a urethroplasty to lengthen and hook up the urethra inside the new phallus, a glansplasty to sculpt the appearance of an uncircumcised penis tip, and a penile implant to allow for erection.
Top surgery: Colloquial phrase to describe gender affirming surgery of the chest — either bilateral mastectomy or breast augmentation.
Vaginal construction/vaginoplasty: A procedure in which surgeons may remove the penis and testes, if still present, and use tissues from the penis to construction the vagina, clitoris and labia.
Sources: The Johns Hopkins University’s LGBTQ Life , Johns Hopkins Medicine, and Healthline
Caitlyn Jenner, formerly known as 1970s Olympic athlete Bruce Jenner, has announced she is transgender, appearing on the cover of Vanity Fair magazine. It's fair to say many people don't know how to speak to or about transgender people. So what do the terms involved mean and what's considered polite?
This is an umbrella term for people whose gender is different from their "assigned" sex at birth - that written on their birth certificate. Gender can refer to one's own, internal sense of being a man or woman, or another type that doesn't fit either category. Gender can also be expressed externally - through clothing, behaviour, body characteristics and so on. Transgender can be shortened to "trans".
In 2010, the Gender Identity Research and Education Society estimated the number of trans people in the UK to be between 300,000 and 500,000.
Gender is different from sexual orientation. Transgender people can be of any sexuality.
This is a term used by some people who permanently change their bodies, usually, but not always, using hormones or surgery. But some people who go through this process - known as the "transition" - prefer to be known simply as transgender, rather than transsexual. It's best to ask which people prefer.
Non-binary people are those who don't feel male or female. They may feel like both or like something in between. They may have a gender that changes over time or they may not relate to gender at all.
This describes someone who is not transgender. For instance, someone who is named a boy at birth and continues to live as a man would be cisgender. This covers the majority of the population .
Using the appropriate pronouns when talking to someone who is transgender works on the basis of respect for the individual. Generally the name the person chooses to use indicates their gender preference. So, a transgender person called Steve would be referred to as "he", while another called Rachel would be "she". But if you are unsure, it's best to ask the person politely how they wish to be known.
This is especially so if you suspect someone identifies as non-binary, in which case a neutral term like "they" may be more appropriate.
People assigned female at birth but living as a man may describe themselves as a "transgender man", while those assigned male at birth but living as a woman may call themselves a "transgender woman". These terms can be shortened to "trans man" or "trans woman".
Some may also use the acronyms FtM (female-to-male) and MtF (male-to-female). Many prefer simply to be identified simply as a "man" or a "woman".
This describes a person who wears the clothes usually associated with the "opposite "sex. This is seen as a form of gender expression. The word "transvestite" is not used much these days. And the expression "drag queen" is different, meaning a man who dresses "as a woman" for purposes of entertainment.
Journalist and campaigner Jane Fae suggests it doesn't have to be complicated dealing with transgender terms. "People are individuals," she says. "Ask politely, listen to what individuals have to say and respect what they tell you.
"It's a principle and an approach to life that will take you a long way - and not just with the transgender community."
The terms discussed here apply widely in the UK. They may not cover all situations. As transgender activists acknowledge, it is a complex area, which can be difficult for those less than fully versed in a vast range of terms to negotiate. For extra information BBC Radio One has compiled more detail on pronouns , while the US pressure group GLAAD has created a fuller glossary . Trans Media Watch has also compiled a guide to non-binary .
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Trans 101: glossary of trans words and how to use them
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Transgender, Irawhiti Takatāpui, and Intersex NZ
This transgender language glossary covers many rainbow community terms, while focusing on gender and transgender identities. It covers some context and history about some of the terms, however it is not designed to be exhaustive. We acknowledge that language is always evolving, thus some of the terms here will not fit with how people know themselves to be. We use “trans” or “transgender”, or “gender minorities” to discuss our communities. We prefer this over using euphemisms such as “gender diverse” or “gender expansive”, as euphemisms are not necessary. While “diverse” means variety, “minority” indicates a group which seen as different to the social majority, and is often discriminated against on this basis, and protected by anti-discrimination legislation. How trans people define themselves is important.
Thank you to our 2020 sponsors, International Trans Fund, Rule Foundation, Wellington City Council, and Wellington Community Trust. Thank you to Gloria Fraser for the Rainbow Mental Health Services Research that led to the development of the new kupu in the te reo Māori section.
Click a word to skip to that section. Scroll down to view terms in the order they make sense to learn in.
One’s actual, internal sense of being male or female, neither of these, both, etc. In some circles, gender identity is falling out of favor, as one does not simply identify as a gender, but is that gender.
Simply put, transgender means that a person was assigned a sex and gender at birth which they disagree with. More broadly speaking, transgender is an umbrella term for people whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from what is culturally typically associated with the gender/sex they were assigned at birth. People under the transgender umbrella may describe themselves using one or more of a wide variety of terms or may simply use transgender. Some of those terms are defined below. Some people who fit this definition may not consider themself to be transgender. Therefore, it’s best to use the descriptive term preferred by the individual. Many transgender people are prescribed hormones by their doctor to change their body. Some undergo surgeries as well. But not all transgender people can or will want to take those steps. A transgender identity is not dependent upon medical procedures. The term transgender is neither indicative of sexual orientation, nor hormonal makeup, physical anatomy, or how one is perceived in daily life.
An older term coined by clinicians. Still preferred by some people who have changed or seek to change their bodies – this can involve hormone replacement therapy (HRT), genital reconstruction surgery (GRS), top surgery (removal of breasts), permanent facial and other hair removal, and/or other medical treatments. In some circles, the term has started to fall out of favor due to its perceived focus on medical transition. However, those who prefer transsexual often see medical transition as an important distinction, due to the definitive experience of incongruity/dissonance/dysphoria, which is often the cause of specific medical needs. Unlike transgender, transsexual is not an umbrella term. Many transgender people do not identify as transsexual and many transsexual people do not identify as transgender. It is best to ask which term an individual prefers. If preferred, use as an adjective. For example, transsexual woman, transsexual man, non-binary transsexual person.
Trans is generally used as an abbreviation of either transgender or transsexual. It is similarly used as an umbrella in the same way that transgender is used.
Some non-binary and other gender non-conforming people use trans* (with the asterisk, pronounced tran-star). This is to indicate that they’re definitely not cis, but not necessarily a trans woman/man either. Some use it as a broad umbrella of inclusivity. Others see trans* as unnecessary due to trans and transgender already existing as umbrella terms which capture all non-cis identities. In some areas trans* is gaining popularity while in others popularity is rapidly declining.
Prefix or adjective that means not trans. Cisgender people identify more or less with the gender assigned to them at birth. In discussions regarding trans issues, one would differentiate between women who are trans and women who aren’t by saying trans women and cis women . Cis is not an insult, but a neutral descriptor – much like heterosexual is to homosexual .
Cishet is a contraction of cisgender and heterosexual , and means literally that a person is both. However, it also has a connotation of being cissexist or heteronormative, and is often used to point out when someone is making cissexist or heteronormative assumptions – “typical cishet”. It is not generally regarded as a neutral descriptor.
The physical expression of one’s gender through clothing, hairstyle, voice, make up, body shape, etc. Most transgender people seek to make their gender expression (how they look) match their gender (who they are).
The system for assignment and classification of people, typically as male or female. This can include: a. Sex assigned at birth – based on imprecise perceptions of an infant’s sex characteristics, generally only the external genitalia. b. Legal sex – generally based on a person’s legal identity documents, for example a passport or birth certificate (though these do not always match). c. Perceived sex – the sex a person is seen as and treated as socially. Sex is not fixed or immutable. Neither anatomy nor physiology are defined by a single criterion such as genitals, chromosomes, hormones, or fertility.
Sex characteristics include external genitalia, gonads or reproductive organs and fertility, gametes, chromosomes, sex hormones. Secondary sex characteristics include breast development, patterns of hair growth such as facial hair and body hair, and voice development. These can be natal or may change later, including through medical treatments.
An incorrect system of viewing sex as consisting solely of two categories, termed male and female, with two sets of matching chromosomes, hormone levels, reproductive organs, and secondary sex characteristics. The sex binary assumes that sex is immutable biological fact and asserts that no other possibilities or anatomy are believed to exist, or should be allowed to exist. In a word, this system is oppressive, and is a cause of marginalisation for people who do not fit within the sex binary, including many trans and intersex people.
Acronyms meaning assigned female at birth or assigned male at birth. When the ‘C’ is added, it stands for ‘coercively’. In any case, when it’s necessary to refer to the birth-assigned sex of a trans person, this is the best way to do it.
Similarly to the sex binary, the gender binary is an incorrect system of viewing gender as consisting solely of two categories, termed male and female, in which no other possibilities for gender or anatomy are believed to exist. Gender is neither fixed nor immutable, and no physical criterion (e.g. genitals, chromosomes, hormones) defines one’s gender. Gender is experiential, and therefore only the person themself can define their gender. In a word, the gender binary system is oppressive, and is a cause of marginalisation for people who do not fit within the gender binary.
Trans woman refers to a woman who was assigned male at birth. She may or may not be identified by others as trans, and may or may not identify herself as trans. It is grammatically and definitionally correct to include a space between trans and woman.
Trans man refers to a man who was assigned female at birth. He may or may not be identified by others as trans, and may or may not identify himself as trans. It is grammatically and definitionally correct to include a space between trans and man.
Used as an adjective to describe the binary genders female/woman/girl or male/man/boy.
Preferred umbrella term for all genders other than female/woman/girl or male/man/boy. Use as an adjective (e.g. Elsa is a binary trans woman and Jesse is non-binary).
Transitioning from being seen as one’s birth assigned gender to one’s actual gender. Transition generally initially includes social elements such as changing one’s clothes, hair, name (socially and maybe legally), changing the gender marker on one’s legal documents, binding breasts or wearing breast forms, etc. It may also include medical treatments such laser hair removal, hormone replacement therapy, or various surgeries. There is neither a wrong way to transition, nor a singular right way.
A person’s enduring physical, romantic, emotional and/or spiritual attraction to others. Gender identity and sexual orientation are not the same. Trans people can be heterosexual, gay, lesbian, pansexual, queer, etc. just like anyone else. For example, a trans woman who is primarily attracted to other women may identify as lesbian.
A person’s enduring physical, romantic, emotional and/or spiritual attraction to others. An asexual person is not primarily motivated by sexual drive and sexual attractions. However, they may experience sexual attraction in some circumstances, or have sexual relationships for a vast number of different reasons other than primary sexual attraction.
Currently being redefined by bisexual rights activists to mean that one is attracted to bo
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