Top Swallowing
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Top Swallowing
Trouble swallowing treatments and relief
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Trouble swallowing treatments and relief
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The stories shared below are not written by Buoy employees. Buoy does not endorse any of the information in these stories. Whenever you have questions or concerns about a medical condition, you should always contact your doctor or a healthcare provider.
Is fatigue causing your sore throat? Can an ear infection cause a sore throat? Learn about the causes of your sore throat symptoms and treatment options.
Regurgitation is experienced by many people who may have acid reflux (GERD), conditions that affect the tissue lining of the esophagus, or indigestion. Read below for more information on causes of regurgitating and how to stop regurgitation.
References Husney A, Thompson EG, Kahrilas PJ, eds. Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia). Michigan Medicine: C.S. Mott Childrens Hospital. Updated March 7, 2018. MottChildren Link Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). University of Michigan: Michigan Medicine. UofM Health Link Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). Yale Medicine. Yale Medicine Link Stierman K. Surgical approaches of the oropharynx. The University of Texas Medical Branch. Published January 13, 1999. UTMB Link Esophageal diverticula. UW Medicine. UW Medicine Link Signs and symptoms of esophageal cancer. American Cancer Society. Updated June, 14, 2017. ACA Link Dysphagia. FamillyDoctor.org. Updated August 28, 2018. FamillyDoctor.org. Link Shaker R. Oropharyngeal dysphagia. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2006;2(9):633-4. NCBI Link Altman K. Difficulty swallowing can indicate more serious problem. Baylor College of Medicine. Published June 29, 2016. BCM Link Taubert M, Davies EM, Back I. Dry mouth. BMJ. 2007;334(7592):534. NCBI Link Jones D, Prowse S. Globus pharyngeus: An update for general practice. Br J Gen Pract. 2015;65(639):554-5. NCBI Link Hamdan AL, Jabbour J, Al Zaghal Z, Azar ST. Goiter and laryngopharyngeal reflux. ISRN Endocrinol. 2012;2012:208958. NCBI Link Heart & vascular institute. Johns Hopkins Medicine. Hopkins Medicine Link Romero-Corral A, Caples SM, Lopez-Jimenez F, Somers VK. Interactions between obesity and obstructive sleep apnea: Implications for treatment. Chest. 2010;137(3):711-9. NCBI Link Nava S, Larovere MT, Fanfulla F, Navalesi P, Delmastro M, Mortara A. Orthopnea and inspiratory effort in chronic heart failure patients. Respir Med. 2003;97(6):647-653. NCBI Link Larrabee R. Sore throat, viral. Penn Medicine: Lancaster General Health. Lancaster General Health Link
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Trouble swallowing, or dysphagia, is the inability to swallow foods and liquids with ease. Difficulty swallowing can be caused by anxiety, acid reflux & anemia.
Trouble swallowing, or dysphagia, is the inability to swallow foods and liquids with ease. Dysphagia can affect both men and women and may occur at any age.
If you're experiencing dysphagia or trouble swallowing, it's also likely to experience:
Sometimes people experience occasional dysphagia when eating too fast or not chewing food properly; however, sometimes dysphagia can become chronic and persistent. People with chronic trouble swallowing often have to cut their food into smaller pieces or avoid certain foods due to their difficulties in swallowing .
If you're experiencing chronic dysphagia, you may also experience:
Chronic dysphagia often signals serious underlying conditions, so it is important to seek medical care promptly in order to get a diagnosis and appropriate trouble swallowing treatment.
What is causing your trouble swallowing?
Start a chat with Buoy AI assistant to find out what’s causing your trouble swallowing.
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An intricate system of multiple pairs of muscles and nerves work together to control swallowing. Anything that causes irritation, injury, compression, or damage to these components can result in difficulty swallowing. The causes of dysphagia can be categorized as either oropharyngeal or esophageal .
The oropharynx is a section of the mouth and neck. It reaches from the back of the oral cavity to the hyoid bone (the horseshoe-shaped bone located in the middle of the neck, halfway between the chin and the thyroid cartilage). Conditions that weaken the throat muscles of the oropharynx result in trouble swallowing, because then your body cannot move food from your mouth into the throat and esophagus. People with oropharyngeal swallowing problems often choke or gag when trying to swallow. These types of conditions can be categorized as having a neurological or obstructive cause.
The esophagus is the long muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach. The upper esophagus is composed of a sphincter a bundle of muscles that are important for control of eating and protecting the airway. The lower esophagus also has a sphincter that closes and contracts to prevent acid and stomach contents from going back into the esophagus. Conditions that cause esophageal difficulties in swallowing can be categorized as muscular or structural.
This list does not constitute medical advice and may not accurately represent what you have.
GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) in infants refers to the passage of stomach contents into the throat causing troublesome symptoms, such as feeding intolerance, inadequate oral intake of calories and/or poor weight gain. Vomiting or visible regurgitation ..
Transient ischemic attack, or TIA, is sometimes called a "mini stroke" or a "warning stroke." Any stroke means that blood flow somewhere in the brain has been blocked by a clot.
Risk factors include smoking, obesity, and cardiovascular disease, though anyone can experience a TIA.
Symptoms are "transient," meaning they come and go within minutes because the clot dissolves or moves on its own. Stroke symptoms include weakness, numbness, and paralysis on one side of the face and/or body; slurred speech; abnormal vision; and sudden, severe headache.
A TIA does not cause permanent damage because it is over quickly. However, the patient must get treatment because a TIA is a warning that a more damaging stroke is likely to occur. Take the patient to the emergency room or call 9-1-1.
Diagnosis is made through patient history; physical examination; CT scan or MRI; and electrocardiogram.
Treatment includes anticoagulant medication to prevent further clots. Surgery to clear some of the arteries may also be recommended.
Top Symptoms: dizziness, leg numbness, arm numbness, new headache, stiff neck
Symptoms that never occur with stroke or tia (transient ischemic attack): bilateral weakness
Hypocalcemia is a condition where there is not enough calcium in the blood. Calcium is a mineral contained in the blood, which helps the heart and other muscles function properly, and is needed to maintain strong teeth and bones.
Top Symptoms: fatigue, shortness of breath, irritability, general numbness, tingling foot
An osteoma is a benign (non-cancerous) outgrowth of bone, usually in the skull and facial bones. They are slow growing and usually cause no symptoms. Osteomas are noticed once they begin causing problems with breathing, vision, or hearing.
Top Symptoms: new headache, vision changes, steady headache, trouble swallowing, sinus pain
Achalasia is a disorder of the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. This condition affects the ability of the esophagus to move food into the stomach.
Top Symptoms: pain below the ribs, regurgitation, unintentional weight loss, heartburn, deep chest pain, behind the breast bone
In medical terms, "mass" and "tumor" mean the same thing: the unexplained, out-of-place growth of tissue anywhere in the body, including the brain.
The cause of any sort of brain tumor is unknown. Some originate in the brain, while others spread from cancers growing in other parts of the body.
Symptoms may include increasing headaches; nausea and vomiting; blurred or double vision; loss of sensation in an arm or leg; loss of balance; confusion; speech difficulties; or seizures.
If symptoms persist, it is important to see a medical provider so that any treatment can begin as soon as possible.
Diagnosis is made through neurological examination, CT scan, and/or MRI.
If the mass or tumor is found to be benign, that means it is not cancer and not harmful. It may or may not be treated.
If it is malignant, that means it is cancer and must be treated. This will involve some combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, followed by specialized therapy to help with recovery.
Top Symptoms: fatigue, headache, nausea, loss of appetite, irritability
Symptoms that always occur with brain tumor or mass: focal neurological symptoms
Barrett esophagus is a condition in which the tissue lining the esophagus changes. These changes occur after longstanding gastro-esophageal reflux. Symptoms of gastro-esophageal reflux can be regurgitation, heartburn. Barretts esophagus is associated with a risk of developing malignant esophageal disease.
Top Symptoms: nausea, regurgitation, heartburn, sore throat, dry cough
So... which condition is actually causing your trouble swallowing?
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There are different treatments for trouble swallowing, depending on whether the cause is oropharyngeal or esophageal. It is important to see your physician promptly in order to get the proper diagnosis and care.
Since oropharyngeal dysphagia is a problem with how your throat muscles move, your physician may refer you for swallowing therapy where you can learn different exercises and techniques to better coordinate your swallowing and stimulate the nerves that trigger swallowing [8].
Treatments for esophageal causes often involve widening and expanding the esophagus.
In addition to the treatment above try the following lifestyle changes to further help alleviate your trouble swallowing symptoms:
Generally, no. Anxiety does not cause difficulty swallowing. It can, however, cause dry mouth which can cause difficulty chewing and swallowing particularly dry foods like crackers. Other common causes of difficulty swallowing are a common cold or sore throat and allergies.
A lump in the throat is a condition that commonly accompanies anxiety and is known as globus sensation . Globus sensation does not have a known cause, though some theorize that it may be because of increased muscle tension. It is not known to be connected to any actual negative physical consequences.
Yes, a significant increase in the size of your thyroid, called a goiter, can cause difficulty swallowing. The thyroid sits along the front of the neck and enlargement is often caused by insufficient iodine in the diet. Because of the position of the thyroid, it can cause difficulty swallowing when enlarged.
There are two common causes of difficulty breathing while lying down. The first is related to your weight. For overweight individuals, it can be difficult to draw breath because of the amount of body mass the chest has to lift when lying flat. Additionally, body mass around the neck can lead to obstructive sleep apnea , which causes increased resistance to flowing air while sleeping. Additionally, if you have fluid backup into your lungs because of congestive heart failure (CHF), this can cause difficulty breathing while lying down (orthopnea). Orthopnea can be alleviated by numerous pillows to elevate the upper body or sitting in a chair.
A sore throat often causes difficulty swallowing because of either the swelling or the pain. The swelling from a sore throat can cause a narrowing of the pharynx and make it harder to fit hard or large food items past the esophagus. At the same time, a severe sore throat can be painful enough to make it less desirable to swallow or make the process feel more difficult.
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The following exercises and associated videos are only to be used under the explicit guidance of your physician or speech-language pathologist (SLP). You must consult your physician or medical specialist before using these exercises. If you feel pain or experience unusual symptoms while performing any of these exercises, stop the exercise immediately and consult your medical team before any further use. Read and understand all instructions carefully before using.
Your physician or speech-language pathologist will select which exercises are useful to improving your swallowing function. If an exercise is not selected, do not attempt it without consulting your medical team. They will develop a program customized and unique to the needs of each patient. This includes the number of repetitions, the number of seconds each exercise should be performed, and the rest period between exercises.
A two page PDF available in both English and Spanish are available by clicking the link below. These can be printed by your clinician to allow them to customize your swallowing exercise routine.
This information (instruction and videos), unless otherwise noted, have been provided to the NFOSD by the UC Davis Health System, Department of Otolaryngology and Nancy Swigert, CCC-SLP, BCS-S, F-ASHA and colleagues. The material is copyrighted. All rights associated with this copyrighted material will be enforced. It is being made available free of charge to all physicians and speech language pathologists to be used by their patients.
1. Effortful Swallow: Collect all the saliva in your mouth onto the center of your tongue. Keep your lips closed and tight together. Pretend you are swallowing a grape whole in one big, hard swallow. The number of repetitions is patient specific. Click here for Video.
2. Isokinetic (dynamic) Shaker: The number of repetitions defined by your clinician is considered a set. You should perform the set twice (resting briefly between each set). You should then rest for two minutes and then repeat this exercise as many times as directed by your clinician. Ignore the number of repetitions and sets as directed in the video. Click here for Video. The number of repetitions and sets are patient specific.
3. Isometric (static) Shaker: Click here for Video. The length of each repetition and the number of repetitions is set by your clinician. Rest for one minute between repetitions.
4. Jaw Thrust: Move your lower jaw as far forward as you can. Your lower teeth should be in front of your upper teeth. Click here for Video. Note, patients with jaw replacement should use extra caution before performing this exercise so as not to stress the jaw bone. The length of time for each repetition and number of repetitions is patient specific.
5. Lollipop Swallowing: Click here for Video. Place a sugarless lollipop in your mouth and lick. Lick three times and then do an effortful swallow with your lips firmly pressed together. Swallow as hard as you can. The number of repetitions is patient specific.
6. Masako Maneuver: Stick your tongue out of your mouth between your front teeth and gently bite down to hold it in place. Swallow while keeping your tongue gently between your teeth. You can let go of your tongue between swallows and repeat. Click here for Video. The number of repetitions is patient specific.
7. Mendelsohn Maneuver: Place your middle three fingers (index, middle, ring) on your Adam’s Apple (the skin in front of your neck beneath your chin). Swallow once to practice. Feel your Adams Apple slide upward as you swallow. Now, swallow again and when your Adam’s Apple gets to its highest position in the throat, squeeze your throat muscles and hold it as high as you can for as long as your clinician has directed for this exercise (or as long as you can if you can’t hold it for this length of time). Click here for Video. The length of time for each repetition and number of repetitions is patient specific.
8. Yawn : The goal of this exercise is to increase the strength of the back of the tongue and throat muscles. Yawn and when you get into a big stretch, hold that position for as long as indicated. Click here for Video.
9. Supraglottic Maneuver: Perform this exercise if and only if directed by your clinician. Your clinician should also provide direction as to the position of your head (tucked, right, left, straight). Collect a small bit of saliva in mouth. Take a deep breath and hold your breath (if the vocal folds are not closed then try to inhale and say ah, turn off your voice and hold your breath). Keep holding your breath while you swallow. Immediately after you swallow, cough. Practice with saliva prior to food or liquid. Click here for Video. The number of repetitions is patient specific.
10. Tongue Strength Exercise: Using a tongue depressor, press the tip of your tongue out against the tongue depressor. Put the tongue depressor on the tip of your tongue and push up. To exercise the middle part of your tongue, put the tongue depressor towards the middle of your tongue and push up against the roof of your mouth. To exercise the back of the tongue, say the “k” sound, then put the tongue depressor on the spot of the tongue that made contact with the roof of your mouth and push up. Next, sweep the tip of your tongue from the very front of your mouth to the back along the roof of your mouth. Lastly, lateralize your tongue from one corner of your mouth to the other. The number of repetitions is patient specific. Click here for Video.
11. Tongue Range of Motion: First, stick your tongue out as far as possible and hold as instructed. Then pull the tongue back into the mouth as far as you can. Then, lateralize the tongue tip to one corner of your mouth and hold. Then switch to the opposite sid
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