Throat Teenager

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MORE ON THIS TOPIC

Strep Test (Video)
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Hand Washing: Why It's So Important

Strep throat is an infection caused by a type of bacteria (group A streptococcus ). It's very common among teens. In fact, strep bacteria cause almost a third of all sore throats.
Strep throat usually requires a trip to the doctor and treatment with antibiotics. With the proper medical care — along with plenty of rest and fluids — you should be back on your feet in no time.
Most sore throats are caused by viruses. If you have a runny nose, cough, hoarseness, and red or runny eyes, it's probably a virus and will clear up on its own.
Strep throat is different. Signs that you may have strep throat include:
If you have any of these symptoms, it's definitely time to see your doctor.
Strep throat is very contagious. Anybody can get it, but most cases are in school-age kids and teens. 
Students tend to get strep throat most often during the school year, with peaks in winter and early spring, when big groups of people are close together.
The bacteria that cause strep throat tend to hang out in the nose and throat, so sneezing, coughing, or shaking hands can easily spread the strep infection from one person to another. That's why it's so important to wash your hands as often as possible.
A doctor often can do a rapid strep test right in the office. They'll use a swab to take a sample of the fluids at the back of your throat. It usually only takes a few minutes to find out if you've got strep throat.
If the first test doesn't prove anything, then your doctor might do a longer test called a throat culture . The doctor will rub a swab of fluid from your throat on a special dish and the dish will be left to sit for 2 nights. If you have strep throat, streptococci bacteria will usually grow in the dish within 1–2 days.
If you have strep throat, your doctor will give you a prescription to take antibiotics for 10 days. These will probably be pills that you swallow.
You will begin to feel better about 24 hours after starting treatment. Even if you don't feel sick anymore, it's important to take the antibiotics for the full 10 days. If you don't finish all the antibiotics, you can be at risk for problems such as rheumatic fever, which can lead to heart damage.
Sometimes a doctor might choose to treat strep throat with one antibiotic shot, without prescribing any medicine for you to take at home.
To protect others from getting sick, it's important to stay home for at least 24 hours until the antibiotics have had a chance to work. Wash your forks, spoons, plates, and cups in hot, soapy water after you use them. Don't share food, drinks, napkins, handkerchiefs, or towels with other people.
Cover your mouth and nose when you sneeze or cough to prevent passing fluid droplets to someone else. If you don't have a tissue handy, make sure you cough or sneeze into your elbow — not your hands! Wash your hands often, especially after wiping or blowing your nose.
Drink lots of cool liquids, such as water or ginger ale, especially if you have a fever, since you'll feel worse if you become dehydrated . Stay away from orange juice, lemonade, and other acidic drinks because they can sting your throat. Frozen foods such as ice cream or popsicles can help to numb throat soreness. Warm liquids like soups, tea with honey, or hot chocolate also can be soothing. For fever and pain, your doctor may suggest an over-the-counter medicine, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Follow the package directions on how much to take and when.

Note: All information is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice,
diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.

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Claire McCarthy, MD, is a primary care pediatrician at Boston Children’s Hospital, and an assistant professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School. In addition to being a senior faculty editor for Harvard Health Publishing, Dr. McCarthy …
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Sore throats happen all the time in childhood — and most of the time, it’s nothing to worry about. Most of the time, they are simply part of a common cold, don’t cause any problems, and get better without any treatment.
Sometimes, though, a sore throat can be a sign of a problem that might need medical treatment. Here are four examples:
Strep throat. This infection, caused by a particular kind of streptococcus bacteria, is quite common. Along with a sore throat, children may have a fever, headache, stomachache (sometimes with vomiting), and a fine, pink rash that almost looks like sandpaper. All of these symptoms can also be seen with a viral infection, so the only way to truly know if it’s strep throat is to swab for rapid testing and/or a culture. Strep throat actually can get better without antibiotics, but we give antibiotics to prevent complications, which, while rare, can include heart problems, kidney problems, and arthritis.
Peritonsillar or retropharyngeal abscess. This is a collection of pus either behind the tonsils (peritonsillar) or at the back of the throat (retropharyngeal) and can be dangerous. Redness and swelling on one side of the throat, or a bad sore throat with fever and neck stiffness, can be signs.
Stomatitis. This is caused by viruses, and leads to sores in the mouth and throat. It gets better by itself, but it can make eating and drinking very uncomfortable, which is why some children with stomatitis (especially very young children) end up with dehydration. There are medications that can help coat the sores and make drinking easier, to help prevent dehydration.
Ingestion. Little children are curious and don’t have the best self-preservation skills. If they drink something that is a strong acid or alkali, it can burn the mouth and throat as it goes down. Household products such as bleach, drain cleaners, toilet bowl cleaners, some detergents, and even some beauty products such as hair straighteners, can do terrible damage. If an adult didn’t witness the ingestion, all they might know is that the child is suddenly complaining of mouth and throat pain.
Here’s when you should call the doctor about your child’s sore throat
if your child is having any trouble breathing, or if their breathing just seems different to you
if your child is having trouble swallowing, especially if they are drooling
if your child has a high fever (102° F or higher) that doesn’t go down with acetaminophen or ibuprofen, or keeps coming back after going down briefly
if your child is refusing to drink or is drinking much less than normal
if the pain is severe (any severe pain warrants a call to the doctor)
if your child is so sleepy that they are hard to wake or keep awake
if your child has a rash, headache, stomachache, or vomiting, to be checked for strep throat (or other infections). If your child has been around someone with strep, any sore throat warrants an appointment to get checked.
If none of those are happening, that’s good news — and chances are your child will be fine in a day or two.
Here are some ways to make a child with a sore throat more comfortable
Cold liquids, or cold foods like popsicles, ice cream, or refrigerated Jell-0. If they don’t want to eat, that’s fine, but they have to drink. Give sips of a little at a time if needed.
Acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Check with your doctor for the right dose for your child’s age and weight.
If your child has mouth sores, avoid foods that are salty, spicy, acidic (like orange juice), or sharp (like potato chips). Stick with bland and soft.
Use a humidifier to help keep the throat moist.
As always: if you have any questions or concerns, call your doctor.

Claire McCarthy, MD ,
Senior Faculty Editor, Harvard Health Publishing


As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our library of archived content. Please note the date of last review or update on all articles.


No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.

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