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Dog throat anatomy is an exciting subject for dog owners to explore, whether out of sheer fascination or better understanding their dog’s behavior. Do you ever get scared when your dog has lumps on its body? It gets even scarier if it’s in the middle of the neck, like right under the chin.
However, this is a very normal part of canine anatomy. It’s called Adam’s apple.
No, dogs do not have a uvula. Most animals lack a uvula. Humans are among the few species with a uvula and can significantly benefit from it. A dog’s palate is often mistaken for a uvula among its body parts because they both look similar. However, you can note some significant differences between them.
A uvula is a small flap of tissue that hangs down in the back of your throat. It comes from embryonic tissue, which is usually present at birth. On the other hand, a dog’s palate does not come from embryonic tissue. Instead, it develops when two plates grow together near the pharynx during fetal development.
A canine’s uvula is the mostly adipose or fatty tissue that confuses many to think dogs have uvula. They don’t have a lot of musculature in the area because dogs are typically not very vocal creatures. Canines do not need an elongated soft palate to produce sounds required for speech as humans do.
Their palates are short and typically have less tissue than the average human’s palate.
The anatomy of the throat in a dog is equally as important as any other part of their body, like dog muscle anatomy and the rest. The dog throat contains essential anatomical elements, each performing a specific function. Yet, the throat is the least understood of all the major organ systems.
Understanding the dog throat anatomy and its functions is likely to improve in years to come. In general, below are some anatomical parts of internal dog throat anatomy:
Adam’s apple, or the laryngeal prominence, is a bump on the dog’s throat. The spot enlarges, and you can feel the thyroid cartilage quite easily.
When air passes through the trachea, it pushes against this protrusion and causes vibrations that we hear as a rough-sounding bark or hoarse voice. This is the origin of the phrase “dogs will bark” since the first dogs with human-like voices were those that barked.
The epiglottis is a leaf-like structure made of cartilage that covers the opening to your dog’s trachea when they swallow. This traps air in the esophagus and prevents it from entering the trachea.
When your pup takes a breath, muscles keep its larynx closed until they exhale, at which point the muscles relax and allow air to pass over its vocal cords. It’s the same reason why they can’t talk when they have a stuffy nose because there is no air passing through its larynx.
A dog coughs up phlegm or mucus by the reflex of swallowing it. The epiglottis protects it from entering the trachea, swallows it, and sends it along to its stomach for digestion.
The epiglottis also serves as an attachment site for muscles that control your pup’s voice. For example, if your dog’s larynx becomes injured, this is where scar tissue forms due to the injury (although other tissues can become injured as well).
The trachea – also known as the windpipe – averages about 2 ft long (61 cm), depending on the dog’s size. It begins at the back of the throat and leads down to the right lung, where it splits into two branches called bronchi. The larger one leads to the left lung while the smaller one continues through to the heart and lungs.
The esophagus is another essential part of the throat that starts at the back of the dog’s mouth and connects to the trachea. It serves as a passageway for food from the mouth to the stomach. Dogs breathe and swallow simultaneously, so it’s not surprising that this pathway runs alongside the bronchi and windpipe.
The location of the larynx/voice box is at the top of the throat, and it comprises the cartilages and muscles that open and close to let air in and out for breathing, barking, growling, howling, whining, and other vocalizations. The strong opening muscle is the thyroarytenoid, and you can find it on either side of the larynx.
The vocal cords consist of two bands of muscle fibers that can stretch to about 0.08 in (2 cm) when a dog is barking loudly. These muscles are in the thick membrane at the back of the throat, while the vocal folds or cords are inside as part of the dog anatomy.
When a dog is barking or making other sounds , the muscles open and close the glottis – the space between the vocal folds. The more strenuous activities of howling and whining additional use structures apart from the larynx. Some dogs can bark, weep and howl simultaneously by controlling their tongues as well as the larynx.
The jugular groove is a tendon connecting the sternohyoid muscle to the skin of your dog’s neck. You can feel it under the skin. It gives the illusion of a line or groove, which runs from behind its ear to its breastbone and between its forelegs.
The jugular vein and artery pass over this tendon, supplying blood to and from the head via the common carotid arteries you can feel at your dog’s throat. It also forms part of the dog neck anatomy.
The vestibule of the throat is a hollow tube that contains three sets of glands producing saliva.
Saliva from these glands moistens the dog’s food, making swallowing easier and protecting its teeth from cavities. Also, since there are no teeth in the back of the mouth to chew up food, saliva is necessary for digestion and supplying amino acids to the body.
The vestibule is also home to one of your dog’s vocal cords, which is a fold in the membrane lining the larynx and trachea that vibrates when air passes over it. The vibration becomes a sound that we recognize as bark or voice.
The respiratory system in canines is quite complex, consisting of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Therefore, pet owners need to know the various conditions associated with this system. One such condition is tracheal disorders.
Tracheal disorders are medical conditions that affect the trachea (or windpipe). They can either be congenital or acquired. Genetic disorders usually involve abnormal development before birth, whereas acquired disorders occur after birth and may result from trauma, inhalation of a foreign object, infection, etc.
Most dogs with tracheal disorders present with similar symptoms, including:
The most common cause of tracheal disorders in dogs is a fungal infection known as blastomycosis. This type of fungus usually enters the body through the dog’s lungs and then spreads to the local lymph nodes.
It can also reach other parts of the respiratory tree, including the trachea. As a result, dogs suffering from blastomycosis may develop lesions in the trachea that can cause it to become blocked, leading to further complications.
Another common cause of tracheal disorders is an injury caused by foreign objects (such as sticks or bones) or by exudate (i.e., secretion) from the nasal passages getting lodged in the trachea. In such cases, a dog may start coughing to expel the object from its respiratory tract.
Though they are less common than fungal infections or obstructions, tracheal tumors may also lead to tracheal disorders in dogs.
As you can see, there are a lot of exciting aspects to dog throat anatomy that might not have been something you knew about before. But now, thanks to this blog post and the information we’ve provided, you know more than most people do.
Do any of these facts stand out as being particularly intriguing? What is your favorite part about researching dog throat anatomy?
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Disorders of the Pharynx (Throat) in Dogs
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Introduction to Digestive Disorders of Dogs
Congenital and Inherited Disorders of the Digestive System of Dogs
Disorders of the Pharynx (Throat) in Dogs
Disorders of the Stomach and Intestines in Dogs
Disorders Caused by Bacteria in the Digestive System of Dogs
Disorders Caused by Protozoa in the Digestive System of Dogs
Pancreatitis and Other Disorders of the Pancreas in Dogs
Disorders of the Liver and Gallbladder in Dogs
Disorders of the Rectum and Anus in Dogs

Last full review/revision May 2018 | Content last modified Sep 2022

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, DVM, DACVS, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University
The upper throat is called the pharynx. Pharyngeal paralysis refers to paralysis of the upper throat (pharynx) that makes swallowing difficult or impossible. It may be caused by a nervous system disorder, other disease in that area, or trauma that causes collapse, obstruction, or malfunction of the pharynx. In some instances, the condition may be partial or affect only one side of the throat and the dog may be able to swallow, although complications may occur.
Pharyngeal paralysis results in severe problems with swallowing; food and saliva come back out through the mouth and nose. Affected dogs are at risk of pneumonia from inhaling food and liquid (aspiration pneumonia), dehydration, and circulatory and respiratory failure. Signs of pharyngeal paralysis include fever, coughing, gagging, and choking. This condition may be fatal. In many cases, emergency surgery to provide an airway (tracheostomy) must be done before any more detailed analysis of the condition can be performed.
In general, treatment for pharyngeal paralysis is directed toward alleviating the signs of the disease. Treatment may include drugs to control inflammation, antibiotics to control the complications of aspiration pneumonia, draining of abscesses (if they are present), and alternative routes of nutrition. Tubes can be inserted (intubation) to help the dog breathe, eat, and drink. In many of these cases, the outlook is poor. Your veterinarian will consider the welfare of your pet when determining what course of treatment to follow.
Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA is a global healthcare leader working to help the world be well. From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and well-being around the world. The Merck Veterinary Manual was first published in 1955 as a service to the community. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Veterinary Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Manual outside of North America.

Published on August 11, 2019 August 4, 2019 by northg84994

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Out of many varied reasons, your dog might get throat injuries. The most common cause is swallowing of choking bone or any other swallowing that causes an injury to the mouth and affects its throat. Dog throat injury symptoms are always clear from the moment they occur.
In an attempt to handle the feeling that is deep into the throat, the dog tries to cough it away. However, the dry honking cough doesn’t help in healing the throat injury.
You’ll witness your experiencing breathing difficulties. If the injury hurts, your dog will try to cause the throat not to move as such movement causes pain. Consequently, your dog will struggle to breathe and this can be seen outright.
In case your dog is unable to vomit when it feels like, you should be worried about its throat injury. This happens when the dog is feeling to vomit but it can’t allow the content to pass through the injured throat.
If your pet and friend begin having breathing sound that was hitherto unheard, please take caution. Breathing might be with sounds. Take keen interest on those sounds and note immediately your dog breathes abnormally.
A dog owner knows how frequent the dog exercises. You must thus be careful to note any change in trend and rate of exercise. Failed or reduced exercising could be an indication of a problem. Among the many problems could be throat injury.
When your dog breathes faster than usual without doing anything serious, take concern. As a proud owner of a dog, you know how rapid your breaths. If it exceeds its known breathing pulses, check for a throat injury.
Dog throat injury symptoms revolve around breathing. Throat injury affects the rates and sounds produced. Coughing and general dog’s inactivity are yet another concern.
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Has your dog been barking so much and for so long recently? Is your dog sounding unusually hoarse when he barks at the moment? If yes to both of those questions, then it could be that your dog has a sore throat.
Just like humans, it is possible for our four-legged friends to have sore throats, and even get a bout of canine tonsillitis, although this condition is rare.
If you suspect that something’s not quite right with your dog’s vocal cords (or should we call them barking cords?) then here are some signs your pup might have sore throat. That’s followed by some suggested treatments and remedies.
A sore throat could result from a range of different problems. It could be something stuck in your dog’s throat, a cut, canine tonsillitis, strep throat, parvo, distemper, herpes virus or laryngitis.
They all tend to have similar symptoms, so your dog could exhibit all, or a combination of the following signs of a sore throat.
Often the first sign that your dog has a sore throat will be him doing what appears to be trying to swallow something that isn’t there.
To your dog, the sore throat might feel like there’s something stuck there which they need to get rid of; and repeating swallowing is how they try to do that.
Similar to the swallowing motion, another dog sore throat symptom will be coughing; because they think there’s something in their throat.
In fact, there could well be something in your dog’s throat making it sore such as a loose hair creating irritation, or a foreign object they’ve swallowed.
Handy Hint: Did you know that dogs can sometimes pass foreign objects in 24 hours . But, if your dog has a sore throat, there might be something still stuck.
Alternatively, the reason they cough is because there’s a scratch or cut in their throat which will make it sore.
Just like coughing, gagging is another possible symptom of a dog with a sore throat, typically due to foreign objects or irritations.
A throat infection can also cause fever like symptoms including shivering.
Dogs will often lick their lips due to oral discomfort or internal pain, such as a sore throat. Lip licking has also been said to be provide a calming effect to dogs; they do it when they are anxious.
It could be that the pain of the sore throat is making your dog uncomfortable and nervous, leading to the licking motion.
The symptoms of lip licking will also go hand in hand with the next point, drooling.
When dogs develop throat and sinus infections, they tend to drool a lot more than usual.
Lots of dribble can also indicate a problem with your dog’s saliva glands. They can become blocked and infected.
Dogs can get tonsillitis, and whilst it’s quite rare, when it does happen your dog will have a really sore throat.
Symptoms of tonsillitis in dogs will include red and swollen tonsils, which you should see at the back of the throat.
Another sore throat symptom can be where you dog is in pain when he opens his mouth. The stretching of the muscles can also make a sore throat twinge with more pain.
If your dog is really suffering, he will find it hard to swallow due to the pain. That means he will be reluctant to eat and drink, as it’s going to really hurt.
It might seem like a loss of appetite, but the reality is he just would rather go hungry than have pain from drinking and eating.
If your dog has an infection that’s causing the sore throat, his body will use up valuable energy to fight it off… and this can make your dog appear very lethargic.
He might not want to sleep more, not be as playful, won’t react to usual stimuli, and even look like he has dull eyes whilst he recovers from the sore throat.
It goes without saying, but if you see any of these dog sore throat symptoms in your own pet, please seek professional guidance from a vet. They will be able to ascertain the cause of the sore throat and offer the correct treatment or remedy.
The possible sore throat treatments could include:
Some pet owners will treat a hoarse sore throat in a dog with natural remedies. These can include sore throat remedies like:
Do not feed anything to your dog without first getting the go-ahead from a vet.
Dogs get sore throats just like us, but the thing is; they don’t know how to tell us. It’s up to us to look for the signs and symptoms, just like you would with a child.
I love trying to figure out how dog’s minds work, and often document what I’ve learned, including:
I write about the things I've learned about owning a dog, the adventures we have, and any advice and tips I've picked up along the way.
Seeing your dog hunched up, lethargic, vomiting, not eating, pl
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