The transactions in civil law - Государство и право реферат
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The transactions in civil law
The concept and characteristics of the transaction. System of the rules operating social relations in the field of civil movement. Classification of transactions of various types. The validity of the transaction is recognized for it as a legal fact.
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Civil law - a system of rules governing social relations in the field of civilian traffic.
To achieve the goal, we use the following tasks:
1. Search and explore the relevant topic literature;
2. Give the notion of transactions in civil law;
3. Consider the types and conditions for the validity of transactions;
4. Expand the general conditions of the invalidity of transactions and the consequences of recognition of the transaction null and void;
1.The concept and characteristics of the transaction
Legal definition of the transaction is provided in article 153 of the Civil Code Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
· The deal - it is always a volitional act, that is, effect of an entity.
· The transaction is always specially designed to achieve a certain legal purposes, ie the emergence, change or termination of civil legal relations.
Trades always are a willed act. They are committed to the will of the participants of civil turnover, and are acts of conscious, purposeful, strong-willed action by natural and legal persons who have committed that they seek to achieve certain legal effects. The essence of the transaction will constitute the inner and the will of the parties. Civil law. In 3 volumes. 4-e izd. / Ed. AP Sergeyeva and JK Tolstoy, pereizd. - M.: 2006, Vol.1 ..
Inside the will can be defined as the intent of a person to produce certain legal rights and responsibilities. However, the internal will to commit the transaction is not enough, it is necessary to bring the attention of others. The ways in which the interior will be expressed outside, called the will. The mere expression of will, in turn, is divided into 3 groups:
Direct - committed, either orally or in writing.
Indirect (conclusive) - from the person who wants to commit the transaction, such actions come from the contents of which show his intent to commit the transaction. A feature of this mode of expression is that it can be done only for transactions that may be committed verbally (p.2 st.158 CC).
Through the silence - is allowed only in cases directly provided for by law or by agreement of the parties. The parties may agree that the silence of both parties to the contract after its expiry date means the extension of the treaty.
In order to deal critically important to full compliance with the will and the will, otherwise the transaction may lead to disputes between the parties.
To understand the essence of the transaction also needs to understand the term base transaction. This term refers to a legal result to be achieved execution of the transaction. That is reason the transaction - this is what it is.
Motive - another element of mental attitudes to the committed actions, which may be relevant to the transaction. As a general rule, the reason for which is the transaction, its purpose, has no effect on its validity. However, the legislation provides for some exceptions to this general rule: st.169 CC contains the definition of invalid transactions, done with a view, obviously opposing the rule of law and morality. That is, the transaction will be void. Civil law. In 3 volumes. 4-e izd. / Ed. AP Sergeyeva and JK Tolstoy, pereizd. - M.: 2006, Vol.1 ..
Classification of transactions on the various types can be made on different grounds.
The first method is implemented establishing rules that should be made in simple written form, with the exception of transactions requiring notarial certification:
a) the transaction entities among themselves and with citizens;
Invalidity transaction means that the act committed in a transaction, does not possess the quality of legal fact that can give rise to those civil and legal consequences, of which the desired entities.
The latest Russian civil law as the legal definition enshrined in the legal literature, the prevailing division of invalid transactions in the null and voidable.
Wrongfulness of an absolute majority of acts performed in a negligible transactions, it is obvious, as in the case of a transaction with a citizen recognized incompetent because of mental disorder. Therefore, the functions of the court in such cases are required by law to use the consequences of the invalidity of transactions.
1. Civil law. In 3 volumes. 4-e izd. / Ed. AP Sergeyeva and JK Tolstoy, pereizd. - M.: 2006, Vol.1 ..
2. Civil law. / Ed. AG Калпина, AI Масляева. - M., 2004, Part 1, 2.
3. Civil law in Russia. / Ed. ZI Tsybulenko. - M., 2004, Part 1, 2.
4. Pilyaeva VV Comments to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (itemized). Part 1 and 2. - M.: PBOYUL Grigoryan, AF, 2006.
5. Tomilin AF Null and voidable transactions. 2 nd ed., M.: mirror, 2002.
6. Heifets FS Invalidity of transactions under Russian civil law. - M., 2007
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