The powerscore gmat critical reasoning bible

The PowerScore GMAT Critical Reasoning Bible: Book Review

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Take 11 tests and quizzes from GMAT Club and leading GMAT prep companies such as Manhattan GMAT, Knewton, and others. All are free for GMAT Club members. View detailed applicant stats such as GPA, GMAT score, work experience, location, application status, and more. Thank you for using the timer! We noticed you are actually not timing your practice. Click the START button first next time you use the timer. There are many benefits to timing your practice , including:. Powerscore CR Bible Full Chapter Notes Easily Extend Vocabulary List with Google Dictionary Please kudo me if you found my post useful. Cheers, Varun If you like my post, give me KUDOS!! Shake the Pillars of Heaven!!! I went from a to a On my official GMAT, I felt like Neo in The Matrix. Subscribe to RSS headline updates from: GMAT Club MBA Forum Home About Terms and Conditions GMAT Club Rules Contact Sitemap. My Follow Feed Kudos My Workbook. Messages and Replies Settings Mark All Read. 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Here are the notes I have been taking from Powerscore CR Bible and its been helping me a lot and definitely shooting up my accuracy in critical reasoning! I took thorough notes of each chapter and I am currently on chapter 8. I will try to update this thread as much as possible. Kudos are always appreciated Thanks! Powerscore CR Bible Notes: The Basics of Critical Reasoning -Read the information in the given order. Read the stimulus first, then question stem and then the answer choices. It often leads to time waste because students read the stem first then the stimulus and then back to the stem. Leads to confusions or distractions because sometimes the question stem refers to information in the stimulus which may throw you off. Stimuli with two questions will once again lead to time waste because you are not re-reading one question but two questions this time! Reading the stimulus sometimes enable readers to predict the question stem. However, when you read the question stem first, you are not gaining or saving time in anyway. Premises give the reasons why a conclusion should be accepted. Why should I believe this argument or what is the evidence behind this conclusion? Contain more than one conclusion known as sub-conclusions which are then used as premises to unify a main conclusion. Because Miami has the best player in the NBA, they therefore have the best offensive attack in NBA. Because they have the best offensive attack in NBA, they are going to win the NBA Finals. Test makers can raise alternate viewpoints. One popular construction is introducing a viewpoint and disagreeing with it thereafter. These stimuli are recognizable because they use terms like: The use of this device to begin a stimulus almost always leads to the introduction of the opposing view. Once an argument is present, the objective is to figure out if it is strong or weak. To do this, check the relationship between the premises and conclusion. Do the premises strongly support the conclusion? If so, the argument is strong, if not, then the argument is weak. Conclusion Identification Method CIM: The best way of eliminating traffic congestion will not be easily found. There are so many competing possibilities that it will take millions of dollars to study every option, and implementation of most options carries an exorbitant price tag. Because the best way of eliminating traffic congestion will not be easily found, we can conclude that there are so many competing possibilities that it will take millions of dollars to study every option, and implementation of most options carries an exorbitant price tag. Because there are so many competing possibilities Has more than one conclusion. Has one main conclusion followed by sub-conclusions. Sub conclusions are made by premises. Look for holes in the stimulus and try to close the holes with the given answer choices. Logical Opposite Uniqueness Rule of Answer Choices: Correct answers in a CR question follows a unique logical quality whereas an incorrect answer has the opposite logical quality. However, logical opposite quality of the four incorrect answers would be: Logical Quality of the Correct Answer: Accept the stimulus information and any information in an answer that does not appear in the stimulus is incorrect. Accept the information given in the answer even if they contain new information. In this case, the stimulus is the suspect and there are usually reasoning errors present. Find the answer that best attacks the stimulus weakens it. Info in stimulus is suspect whereas answer choices are accepted as given. Notes on ten question types: Must be True and Solve the Paradox questions come from stimuli with no conclusion. All other 8 type of questions relate to stimuli with conclusion. Method of Reasoning and Flaw in the Reasoning. Difference between the two is that flaw in the reasoning question stem explicitly note that there is an error in the stimulus whereas Method of Reasoning could have a valid or invalid reasoning since we are judging the method of reasoning of the author. Parallel Reasoning is basically method of reasoning identify the type of reasoning and then parallel it. Determine if the stimulus contains an argument or facts Identify the conclusion if the stimulus contains an argument or if the stimulus contains a fact set, analyze each one thoroughly. Have an idea of what you think the answer might be after reading the stimulus and question stem. Read every single answer choices. Label each answer as Contender or Loser as you go through them. Once you go through all five, reanalyze the contenders only. If all five answer choices are losers, re-evaluate the the argument and come back to the answer choices. Three Important Notes about the Families: The question stem flows the information from stimulus to the answer choices. The correct answer cannot contain additional information from outside the stimulus box. The second family is almost the opposite of first. Answer choices help the stimulus. Info outside the stimulus is allowed in the correct answer choice. The third family hurts the stimulus and just like second family, info from outside the stimulus is allowed in the correct answer. Must be true questions require you to select an answer choice that is proven by the information presented in the stimulus. Most must be true questions do not contain a conclusion. Often time, the correct answer are paraphrase of the stimulus in different terms. If the answer choice mirrors the stimulus, its the correct answer. Combination answers result from two or more statements in the stimulus. Example in Page 86 of Powerscore CR Bible. Weaken questions appear the most frequently on the GMAT. These type of questions usually follow five rules: The stimulus contain an argument. So its important to separate the premises and conclusion. Almost all correct answers in weaken questions rely on attacking the conclusion. Focus on the conclusion. There are often reasoning errors present in the stimulus so the information is a suspect. Read the arguments very carefully. Consider the range of possible answers before proceeding to the answer section. Weaken answer choices can surpass the outside of or tangential to the stimulus. Question Stem usually uses the words: The conclusion needs to be attacked in order to weaken an argument and an answer choice will not simply contradict the conclusion but instead, it will undermine the conclusion by showing it fails to account for some element or possibility. Sometimes, a weaken correct answer will show that a conclusion does not follow from premises of an argument. Page for an example. Focus on the effect that the answer has on the conclusion and not the premises. Author fails to address all possibilities or relies on evidence that is incomplete. In this case, the correct answer would be new possibilities that attack the conclusion. Author compares two or more items that actually differ from each other. The conclusion in the stimulus is stated in such a way that it leaves the argument open to attack. Causality occurs when one event makes another event occur. First event makes the second event occur. Terms used to identify cause and effect: If a causal statement is in the conclusion, then the reasoning is flawed. Situations that can lead to Errors of Causality: When one event occurs before the other, people tend to think that the first event caused the second event to occur. Example on page When two or more events occur simultaneously: The events that occur simultaneously does not necessarily mean that one caused another. How to attack a Causal Conclusion: When encountering a causal conclusion, prepare to either weaken or strengthen the argument. To attack a cause and effect relationship in Weaken questions, do one of the following tasks: Find an alternate cause for the stated effect. Because the author believes that there is one and only cause for the effect. However, finding an alternate cause will weaken the argument. Since the author believes that the cause always produces the effect, find an answer that does not let the cause produce the effect. In other words, show that even when the cause occurs, the effect does not occur. Vice versa as point 2. Because the author believes that the effect is always produced by the cause. Show that the stated relationship is reversed. In an argument, the cause and effect relationship is correctly presented according to the author. If an answer choice presents that the claimed effect is actually the cause of the claimed cause undermines the conclusion. The causal statement contain statistical problems. If the data used to make a causal statement contain an error, then the validity of the casual claim is questionable. Keep these points in mind when approaching Strengthening and Assumption Questions: The stimulus will contain an argument. To maximize success, identify, isolate and asses the premises and conclusion. Focus on the conclusion as all correct choices impact the conclusion. The more you know about the conclusion the better your chances. The info in the stimulus is suspect and often contain reasoning errors. Always consider the range of possible answers before proceeding to answer choices. Answer choices are accepted as given. Just like weaken questions, they can bring into consideration information outside of or tangential to the stimulus. Just because a fact or idea is not mentioned in the stimulus is not grounds for dismissing an answer choice. Assumptions is simply an unstated premise - what must be true in order for the argument to be true? An assumption is something that is necessary for the argument to be true. How to Strengthen an Argument: Identify the conclusion - This is what you are strengthening. Helps assess the strength of each answer because I am seeing the argument in a very involved persepective.. Look for weaknesses in the argument. Sometimes they are tailor-made for correct answers. The correct answer would ELIMINATE the weakness. Close any hole or gap in the argument. Find the missing link between a premise and a conclusion. Arguments that contain analogies or surveys rely upon the validity of those analogies and surveys; any answer choices that strengthen the analogy or survey or establishes their soundness, are usually correct. Remember it can strengthen by a little bit or by a lot which makes these type of questions difficult. Causality and Strengthen Questions: Eliminate any alternate causes for the stated effect since the author believes there is only one causes the one that is originally stated in the argument , eliminating other causes will strengthen the overall argument. Show that when the cause occurs, the effect occurs since the author believes that the cause always produces the effect. Show that when the cause does not occur, the effect does not occur. This will support the conclusion. Eliminate the possibility that the causal relationship is backwards the claimed effect is actually the cause of the claimed cause. Show that the data used to make the causal statement are accurate, or eliminate possible problems with the data. As stated earlier, assumption is an unstated premise in the argument. Think of an assumption as a foundation of an argument. The statement must be something that the author believed in when forming the argument. Assumption answer choices cannot contain extraneous information. Assumption is described solely as a linking statement. One that links two premises or one premise to the conclusion. Assumptions play two roles: Supporter Role or Defender Role. Supporter Role is the linking role, where an assumption connects the pieces of an argument. The conclusion in a supporter argument often contains a piece of information not previously seen in the argument. These new elements create gaps in the argument. Therefore, the supporter argument answer tries to close the gap. All male citizens of Athens had the right to vote. Therefore, Socrates had the right to vote in Athens. In this example, the linking assumption is that Socrates was a male citizens of Athens. If a weakness is spotted in an argument, try to eliminate the weakness gaps in the argument! The Defender Assumption Model: Author feels that his reasoning is sound and no other possible reasoning is correct. For example, if we take a look at the argument: Thus, reading must cause a person to be intelligent. Therefore, the defender allows answer choices to DEFEND the argument by stating a certain reason DOES NOT cause one to be intelligent. A correct answer choice may be: It uses logical opposites in the answer choices. The Assumption Negation Technique: Can only be used on Assumption questions. Do not use this technique on ALL FIVE answer choices. Use it on CONTENDERS only. Turn the assumption question into a weakness question. Logically Negate the answer choices. The negated answer choice that attacks the argument will be the correct answer meaning the negated correct answer will simply weaken the argument. There are notes about logical opposites on the third page of this document. This will extend the intuition behind logical opposites. Denies the truth of the original statement. Last edited by Shoumik on 02 Feb , If you have any questions you can ask an expert. Here are the notes I have been taking from Powerscore CR Bible and its b. I like your blog too! In fact, I added it to my bookmark, I plan on checking out the videos when I go home: I am reading CR bible too these days. This is really helpful!! Thanks guys School just started for me so GMAT Studying is on a break for a little while but I should be back to it soon hopefully. But can someone tell me how to recognize the supporter and defender arguements readily? Would like to know a little more. Mahtab, you are so awesome! Seriously going to put this to good use. Thank You for sharing these notes!!!!! This book is too good Thanks a lot for this awesome post. CR is one of my weakest points and I am sure i can work on it with these concise notes Thanks again. Display posts from previous: All posts 1 day 7 days 2 weeks 1 month 3 months 6 months 1 year Sort by Author Post time Subject Ascending Descending. GMAT Club REWARDS Participate to Earn Points. Ways to earn points. Redeem points For rewards. Current Applicant Blogs July Update Hate Is A Strong Word Hey girl or boy Hey! 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The powerscore gmat critical reasoning bible

The PowerScore GMAT Critical Reasoning Bible: Book Review

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