The Unspoken Secrets Of Green Power
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Green power is electricity produced from renewable sources like solar, wind and geothermal energy, biomass, and hydroelectricity with low environmental impact. Customers in markets that are deregulated can add a small amount to utility bills to support green energy sources.
Many renewable energy sources are less environmentally harmful than drilling for oil or mining coal. They also reduce our greenhouse gas emission.
Solar Energy
Solar energy is among the most popular green power sources. Solar energy is a renewable source since it never runs out. It is a clean, efficient and safe energy source that helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions as well as air pollution caused by conventional fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and oil. This energy source is also a good alternative to nuclear power, which requires the mining and extraction of uranium and long-term storage of radioactive waste.
Photovoltaic panels and concentrated solar thermal energy (CSP) are all methods to harness the power of the sun. Solar electricity can be directly channeled into businesses and homes, or it could be delivered to grids that supply power to other customers. Some consumers even can sell their surplus energy back to the utility company which could help keep electricity bills low and even offset rising utility prices.
All forms of solar energy generate no air emissions or pollutants unlike fossil fuels, which generate carbon dioxide and other harmful gases when they burn. Solar energy can also be used to power different types of devices, like spacecrafts, satellites, and boats that cannot connect to the electrical grid is impractical or impossible.
On a smaller scale solar power can be utilized to power buildings. Many homeowners install PV solar panels on their roofs to produce electricity and passive solar homes design permits these homes to welcome in the sun's rays in the daytime for warmth and then keep it in the evening. Solar-powered homes also benefit from the fact that they require very little maintenance.
Another type of solar power is hydropower, which makes use of the natural flow of water in rivers, streams and dams to produce electricity. Like wind and biomass hydropower, hydropower is renewable since it can be replenished. Look through the EPA's list of third-party certified hydropower options if want to add it to your office or home.
Geothermal Energy
Geothermal plants use the heat of the Earth to generate electricity. The process uses steam and hot water, which naturally occur a few kilometers below surface of the earth. It is a renewable and sustainable energy source that produces electricity all day all year round. Geothermal power is a great way to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. It is also one of the most environmentally friendly sources of energy generation.
The most popular geothermal power station is a flash-steam plant. It uses water that is heated to 182degrees C or 360deg F to generate electricity and power turbines. Steam can be used to heat industrial processes or buildings. Iceland for instance, uses geothermal energy to melt snow and heat its streets, sidewalks and parking areas in the frigid Arctic winter.
Another source of energy from geothermal sources is the hot dry rock (HDR) power plant, which taps underground reservoirs of hot dry rocks that are heated by natural or man-made activities. HDR plants require less infrastructure than geothermal power plants, making them more affordable and less costly to construct and operate. According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, there are enough HDR resources available in the United States for all of our current electrical requirements.
The steam from geothermal power plants can be used to create electricity by using a steam turbine generator, or be coupled with a gas-fired turbine for increased efficiency. The resultant mixture can be converted into natural gas, which is then burned in a conventional boiler to generate electricity.
In addition to being safe and reliable, geothermal energy is the smallest carbon footprint of all renewable energy sources. Binary-cycle plants that utilize an engine to turn steam into electricity produce very little or no nitrous dioxide methane, sulphur, or methane oxide.
However, despite its advantages, geothermal energy isn't without its difficulties. The drilling required to construct geothermal power plants could trigger earthquakes and can pollute groundwater. Injection of high-pressure water streams into geothermal reservoirs can cause subsidence. This is a slow sinking that can damage roads, structures pipelines, and other structures.
Biogas
Biogas is a natural gaseous energy source that can be used to generate green power. It can be produced from manure, agricultural wastes plants and sewage municipal garbage, food wastes and other organic wastes. Biogas can be used to transport fuels, electricity heat, combined heat and energy, or electricity by using the Fischer-Tropsch method. Biogas is also a viable resource for generating renewable hydrogen for use in fuel cells, which are expected to play a significant role in the future of energy systems.
The most common method of valorisation of biogas is to generate electricity by using the power of a combined heat and (CHP) plant. The heat generated by the CHP plant is utilized to fuel the fermentation of organic wastes, while the electricity is then fed back to the grid. Biogas can be further converted into natural gas and blended into existing natural gas distribution systems. Biogas can be used as a replacement for imported mined natural gas in commercial, ground transportation and residential structures.
Biogas is a renewable energy source that can also help reduce greenhouse emissions of greenhouse gases. The CCAC is working to provide instruments for measuring, reporting and verification (MRV) of healthy cooking in households and communities in low- to middle-income countries, to help the 67 countries that have incorporated clean cooking as a goal in their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).
Utilizing biogas to replace fossil fuels for electricity generation as well as a substitute for conventional natural gas for heating and cooling will reduce carbon dioxide emissions and other air pollutions. Biogas is also a sustainable alternative to coal, oil and other fossil fuels for the production of liquid transportation fuels.
Recovering methane from food and animal manure waste stops the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, while also preventing nitrogen runoff that could otherwise pollute water resources. The Plessis Gassot waste landfill, which is non-hazardous in Claye-Souilly, France, for example collects biogas and converts it into a sustainable supply of energy for the households that are connected to the system. In addition, small-scale biogas plants can be set up in cities to permit the collection and use of local organic waste and avoiding the greenhouse gases that are that are generated by the transportation and treatment of these materials.
Hydroelectric Power
Hydropower uses the energy generated by the kinetic energy of water to generate electricity. It is the most affluent and cost-effective source of renewable energy around the globe. It does not emit greenhouse gases, but it does require significant environmental impacts. It is a very flexible form of green power that is easily adjusted to meet changing demand and supply. It is able to last a life of more than a hundred years and can be upgraded to improve efficiency and performance.
Most traditional hydropower plants harness the power of water falling through dams. The kinetic energy of the water is converted into electricity by a series of turbines, that spin at a speed proportional to the speed of the water. This electricity is then transmitted to the electric grid for use.
Hydroelectric power plants require a significant investment in pipes and reservoirs. However the operating costs are minimal. These plant types can be used as backups to other intermittent renewable energy technologies like wind and solar.
There are two types of hydroelectric plants: storage and run-of-river. Storage plants have huge impoundments, which can store more than a season's worth of water. Run-of-river plants draw water from rivers and streams that flow freely. Hydropower plants are usually located near or in areas with high population density and where the demand for electricity is high.
The environmental impact of hydropower is dependent on the size and location of a dam, the amount of water displaced as well as the wildlife and habitat affected by decomposition and inundation. These impacts can be minimized and mitigated by the use of Low Impact Hydroelectricity (LIHI) standards for construction and operation of hydropower projects. The standards include measures to safeguard river flows and water quality passage for fish and protection of watershed protection, endangered and threatened species, recreation, and cultural resources.
Hydropower plants can also be the largest in the world "batteries" because they can generate renewable energy by pumping water from a lower reservoir uphill to a larger reservoir. If there is a requirement for electricity then the water in the lower reservoir is released to power generators, and the water in the higher reservoir is pumped back downhill by a turbine to create more electricity.