The Truth About Herpes

The Truth About Herpes

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We all learned about herpes in sex education class. Who can forget the graphic images intended to illustrate what was considered to be a taboo topic? More than 40 million Americans have genital herpes — and more than 80 percent of people who have the virus don’t know it.
Dr. Fadi Haddad , an infectious disease specialist affiliated with Sharp Grossmont Hospital , helps explain the two major types of herpes, as well as the causes and treatment.
“Herpes simplex is a virus, a small infective agent that is only able to multiply within the living cells of other organisms,” he says. “There are two types of the herpes simplex virus, HSV-1 and HSV-2. Typically, HSV-1 causes sores (fever blisters, cold sores) in the oral cavity while HSV-2 affects the genital regions (genital herpes).”
Someone who has either of the herpes simplex viruses may experience the following symptoms:
Anyone can contract herpes. However, individuals who practice risky sexual behaviors, have another sexually transmitted infection (STI) or a weakened immune system are at increased risk of contracting the virus.
Close contact
The most common ways that oral herpes (HSV-1) spreads is by close contact, such as kissing or sharing utensils or lip balm with an infected person who has an open sore. Even though it is less likely, it is also possible for someone to get genital herpes from HSV-1 if someone with open sores performs oral sex. Genital herpes (HSV-2) is also transmitted by contact with an infected individual and usually happens during sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal or oral) or close skin-to-skin contact.
Symptoms and treatment
Not all individuals with herpes have ulcers or visible symptoms. When an individual has herpes simplex but presents no symptoms, it is referred to as asymptomatic herpes.
“The virus itself is the ice under the iceberg,” says Dr. Haddad. An individual with asymptomatic herpes may not even know they have the virus, yet they are still able to transmit it to others.
Currently, there is no cure for herpes simplex. Treatments focus on getting rid of the sores and limiting the recurrence of virus flare-ups, or outbreaks. A doctor may prescribe antiviral medication to lower the intensity and frequency of outbreaks, and to help reduce the risk of spreading the virus to others. Treatment is not required for everyone who has herpes simplex because sometimes the sores disappear on their own.
Over time, the outbreaks decrease in frequency and severity, but the virus will continue to live in the infected person’s nerve cells. Certain things such as stress, menstrual periods, fever, illness, sun exposure or sunburn can trigger an outbreak.
To reduce the transmission or contraction of herpes simplex, Dr. Haddad advises individuals to avoid oral or skin-to-skin contact with individuals who have active sores, and to use condoms to help reduce the risk of sexual transmission. “If you are a person who is living with herpes, it is best to try to reduce stress as it can cause the virus to reactivate,” he adds.
If you think you have contracted a herpes simplex virus, contact your doctor. A doctor can perform blood tests to diagnose the disease. Be aware that the test is not a part of a routine STI test, so you must ask for it separately.
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Despite the fact that two-thirds of the world has herpes, society still treats the virus as a punishment or a punchline. It’s not.
Herpes can be a very real part of being a sexually active person. More than one out of every six people aged 14 to 49 have genital herpes, yet there are so many myths and stigmas surrounding this STI. So, since we here at Upspoken are all about breaking taboos and kicking stigma to the curb, it’s time we get real about herpes.
There are two types of herpes, HSV-1 (oral herpes), more commonly known as cold sores, and HSV-2 (genital herpes), the type of herpes labeled as an STI. Unlike other bacterial infections, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis, the herpes virus remains in our bodies and there is currently no cure, however, there is medication to manage outbreaks. While HSV-1 typically causes sores around the mouth, HSV-2 causes outbreaks around the genital area. Not a lot of people are aware but HSV-1 can also cause genital herpes, so it’s good to communicate with your partner before things get hot and heavy.
Herpes is spread through skin-to-skin contact, which is pretty common during sex. The virus is most infectious during an outbreak, so be sure to abstain from sex when there are symptoms (oral or genital) to avoid spreading the virus. When there is no sign of an outbreak, “asymptomatic shedding” can still occur, meaning the virus is live on the skin and can be transmitted.
But no sweat, sis. From medication to dental dams and condoms, you can limit the likelihood of transmission to almost zero.
Only medical providers can diagnose herpes – not your mama, knowing your body, or WebMd. An exam is usually performed only when a sore is present. It’s still within your right to request a blood test if you don’t have a sore. However, herpes blood tests aren’t included in typical STI screenings due to the potential of a false positive result, as most people have been exposed to HSV-1 and/or HSV-2. It’s still important to have open communication with your partner and doctor, use condoms and dental dams, and get tested regularly.
For those with herpes, the first outbreak can be a traumatic experience purely due to the stigma associated with the virus. But we’re here to tell you your life isn’t over and neither is your sex life. Antiviral medications, like Valtrex, are readily available and can be taken regularly to prevent outbreaks, shedding, and transmission. It also never hurts to get a little help! Find your tribe to talk it through with, whether its a mental health professional , group therapy , or trusted friend (if you are a trusted friend here are some Upspoken tools).
As Upspoken women, we can empower each other by educating ourselves and being open about discussing the facts about herpes, instead of spreading myths and stigmatizing our sisters.
Whether you have herpes or encounter a partner with it, just know everyone is entitled to good sex that prioritizes their health – free of judgment and stigma.

Myths and Facts About Herpes
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FACT: No, it is very common and anyone who has EVER had sex can get genital herpes. It's not about being clean, dirty, good or bad – it's about being normal and sexually active.
FACT: Herpes is very common and may be caused by both herpes simplex type 1 and type 2 (HSV-1 or HSV-2). HSV-1 causes "cold sores" on the mouth, and up to 80% of the population has this virus. However, it may also be transmitted to the genitals through oral-genital sex and about 40% of genital herpes is caused by HSV-1. Up to 22% of sexually active adults have genital herpes caused by HSV-2. Most people with herpes will not have symptoms and therefore will not be aware they have it. 75% of people who have genital herpes get it from partners who are entirely unaware that they have it themselves.
FACT: Cold sores on the mouth or face are caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and are commonly transmitted to the genitals (causing genital herpes) through oral-to-genital sex. Up to 40 % of genital herpes is caused by HSV-1.
FACT: HSV-1 typically affects the mouth area. HSV-2 and HSV-1 affect the genitals, pubic area, buttocks, back of thigh or inner thigh. Herpes can also occur on other parts of the body, although this is less common. On the fingers it is known as herpes whitlow.
FACT: No, 80% of those with genital herpes do not know they have it , as they may have no or very mild symptoms.
FACT: A person with herpes is not always infectious but the virus is occasionally shed from the skin when symptoms are not present. Most of the time when you don't have symptoms you are not infectious.
FACT: Routine sexual health (STI screens) checks and cervical smear tests do not screen or test for herpes. Tests for herpes can only be done if a person has symptoms and a swab is taken directly from the lesion.
FACT: Herpes does not affect fertility in either men or women, and women with genital herpes can have normal pregnancies and vaginal delivery. Herpes can be passed on to babies, but this is rare. If you are pregnant and you or your partner has herpes, tell your health care professional.
FACT: Herpes is not associated with cervical abnormalities or cervical cancer. These are caused by HPV (human papillomavirus), which is not herpes.
FACT: Herpes is not present in the blood. People with genital herpes can still donate blood. Genital herpes is only passed through direct skin-to-skin contact, both orally and genitally.
FACT: In long-term relationships, most couples choose not to continually use condoms, and understand that getting herpes is just a part of life. (Your partner may already have herpes without being aware of it). Whilst some people may experience troublesome symptoms from time to time, for the majority, herpes is not symptomatic or causes only mild symptoms, Medication is available for those that need it.
FACT: Herpes transmission to the mouth from the genitals is uncommon.
FACT : Once you have herpes at one site, it is rare to then get the same type at another site. This is because your body develops antibodies which prevent this from happening.
FACT: The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is not spread through sharing communal facilities. When the virus leaves living skin cells, it dies. People with genital or facial herpes are able to use the same showers, toilets, washing machines and swimming pools as anyone else, without the worry of passing on the infection.
This website is brought to you by the Sexually Transmitted Infections Education Foundation (STIEF) - an initiative funded by the Ministry of Health through collective District Health Boards (20) to educate New Zealanders about STIs. District Health Boards (DHBs) are responsible for providing or funding the provision of health services in their district.
The medical information in this website is based on the STIEF Guidelines for the Management of Genital Herpes in New Zealand . The New Zealand Ministry of Health supports the use of these clinical guidelines, developed by clinical experts and professional associations to guide clinical care in New Zealand.
The Guidelines are a consensus opinion of the STIEF Professional Advisory Group (PAG) . The PAG has representation from nationwide medical, nursing and allied disciplines involved in the management of STIs. The Guidelines are produced by considering available literature, both New Zealand wide and international, and by basing the medical recommendations on the evidence in the literature or reasonable supposition and opinions of medical experts.
Toll Free Phone: 0508 11 12 13
From a Mobile: 09 433 6526
C/- Sexually Transmitted Infections Education Foundation (STIEF)
CPO Box 2437, Shortland Street, Auckland 1140
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If you’re like most people, you probably avoid sexually transmitted diseases like the plague. You have good reason too. However, one commonly misunderstood STD is herpes, a confusion that comes from the stigma of having HSV-2 (genital herpes). Actually, this disease may not cause as much harm as you think, and there’s a high chance that you already have it.
Let’s look at some of these common misconceptions about herpes.
On the contrary, nearly everyone has a risk for getting oral or genital herpes. In fact, the CDC attests that the only real way to entirely avoid the risk is to refrain from sexual contact of any kind.
To avoid contracting herpes orally, you have to avoid oral contact with anyone. Even then, you would still have a slight risk if you come into contact with someone who has touched an affected area.
Here’s the good news—sort of. According to the World Health Organization, as many as 67 percent of the global population has HSV-1, or oral herpes. This oral herpes manifests itself in the form of cold sores.
Oral herpes is actually not that much different from genital herpes. In fact, you can contract genital herpes from its oral counterpart. How many people have you seen with a cold sore in the last twelve months?
2. People with herpes are contagious.
This one has some truth, but people often regard others infected by herpes as a walking disease. Herpes is a contact disease, meaning that you have to make contact with the sores in order to contract it.
When the sores appear, a person is having a herpes outbreak. When the sores go away, the person still likely has
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