The Etymologies XII

THIN- (cf. TIN). *thindi pallid, grey, wan: Q sinde grey. Sindo name of Elwe's brother, in Telerian form Findo, Ilk. Thind, later in Doriath called Thingol (i.e. Thind + gol wise, see NGOL) or Torthingol [TA] King Thingol, also with title Tor Tinduma 'King of Twilight' [TIN], N Aran Dinnu. N thind, thinn grey, pale; Ilk. thind. Q sinye evening (N + thin); N thinna. Q sinta- fade (sintane), ON thintha.

THON- Ilk. thon pine-tree. N thaun pl. thuin is probably an early loan-word, with Ilk. o treated as ON o. Ilk. Dor-thonion 'Land of Pines', name of mountainous forest N. of Doriath and afterwards becoming Taur-na-Fuin, a punning alteration of Dor-na-Thuin (Noldorin translation of Ilk. Dor-thonion).

THOR-, THORON- Q soron (and sorne), pl. sorni eagle; N thor and thoron, pl. therein - thoron is properly old gen. sg. = ON thoronen, Q sernen, appearing in names as Cil-thoron, or Cil-thorondor [KIL]. Ilk. thorn, pl. thurin. Q Sorontar (name of) King of Eagles, N Thorondor, Ilk. Thorntor = Torthurnion. [Added:] Cf. name Elthor(o)n = eagle of sky.

[The following was added in hastily above the entry THOR, THORON:]

['THOR- = come swooping down; cf. Brilthor. Adj. thor swooping, leaping down; thorod torrent.' I take this to be an indication of the root-sense of THOR eagle.]

THU- puff, blow. Q suya- breathe; sule breath. Cf. Sulimo surname of Manwe (wind-god). N thuio breathe; thul breath.

THUR- surround, fence, ward, hedge in, secrete. Ilk. thuren guarded, hidden. Cf. Ilk. Garthurian Hidden Realm (= Doriath), sc. gardthurian; Noldorinized as Arthurien, more completely as Ar(d)thoren: thoren (*thaurena) pp. of thoro- fence [see ʒAR]. Thuringwethil (woman of) secret shadow, Doriathren name (N Dolwethil) assumed by Tinuviel as a bat-shaped fay [WATH]. [The present entry retains the story of the Lay of Leithian: it was Luthien who called herself by this name before Morgoth.]

THUS- (related to THU?) *thausa: Q saura foul, evil-smelling, putrid. N than: corrupt, rotten; thu stench, as proper name Thu chief servant of Morgoth, also called Mor-thu, Q Sauro or Sauron or Suro = Thu. [In the original draft for the chapter A Knife in the Dark in The Lord of the Rings Frodo (but not there called Frodo) cries Elbereth! Gilthoniel! Gurth i Morthu!]

TIK- (cf. PIK) Q tikse dot, tiny mark, point; amatikse, nuntikse [indicated in the manuscript to mean dots or points placed above (amatikse) or below (nuntikse) the line of writing. Added entry.]

TIL- point, horn. Q tilde point, horn; cf. Ta-niqe-til (g.sg. tilden); N tild, till horn. Q Tilion 'the Horned', name of the man in the Moon; N Tilion. Q neltil (neltildi), N nelthil triangle (see NEL). [Cf. QS: marginal note by AElfwine to the name Tilion: 'hyrned' (Old English, 'horned'). It is strange that Tilion is here the man in the Moon: in QS he was 'a young hunter of the company of Orome'. Is the implication that in later ages the myth of Tilion became the story of the Man in the Moon?]

TIN- (variant of (?) and in any case affected by THIN, q.v.) sparkle, emit slender (silver, pale) beams. Q tine it glints, tintina it sparkles; *tinme sparkle, glint: Q tinwe sparkle (star), [struck out: cf. Tinwetar, Tinwerontar star-queen, title of Varda;] tin-dome starlit dusk (see DOMO); tingilya, tingilinde a twinkling star (see GIL). N tinno to glint; tinw spark, small star; tint spark; gildin silver spark (see GIL.); *tindumh, tindu, tinnu dusk, twilight, early night (without moon). Cf. Aran Dinnu King of Twilight, name given by Gnomes to Thingol, called by Ilkorins Tor Tinduma. Ilk. tim spark, star; tingla- sparkle; tindum starlight, twilight. Q tinda glinting, silver; tinde a glint. N Tindumhiell, Tinnuviel, Tinuviel = 'daughter of twilight', a kenning of the nightingale, Q Tindomerel (see SEL-D: *Tindomiselde), name given by Beren to Luthien daughter of Thingol. N ordinary name of nightingale is dulind, dulin [DOʒ, LIN(2)]; Q lomelinde; Ilk. mur(i)lind, myr(i)lind (see MOR). N moerilind, merilin was Noldorinized from Ilk. murilind, since mori did not = 'night' in N. The 'twilight' sense was largely due to THIN, q.v. [Against this entry is written in the margin: 'Tintanie, Tintalle Kindler = Varda; Q tinta- to kindle, make to spark'. Other marginal notes are: 'cf. Timbredil', (see BARATH); 'Tindubel twilit city' (see PEL(ES).]

TING-, TANG- onomatopoeic (cf. DING. Q tinge, tango, twang; tinga-; N tang bowstring.

TINKO- metal. Q tinko; N tinc.

TIR- watch, guard. Q tirin I watch, pa.t. time; N tiri or tirio, pa.t. tiriant. Q tirion watch-tower, tower. N tirith watch, guard; cf. Minnas-tirith [MINI]. Cf. Q halatir (-tirnen), PQ *khalatirno 'fish-watcher', N heledirn = kingfisher; Dalath Dirnen 'Guarded Plain'; Palantir 'Far-seer'. [For the etymology of 'kingfisher' see KHAL(1), SEAL(2). - Palantir was a later addition, as also under PAL.]

TIT- Q titta little, tiny; N tithen (pl. tithin).

TIW- fat, thick. *tiuka: Q tiuka thick, fat; ON tuka, N tug; Ilk. tiog. *tiuko thigh: Q tiuko. Q tiuya- swell, grow fat; ON tuio-, N tuio to swell (associated with TUY).

TOL(1)-OTH/OT eight. Q tolto; N toloth.

TOL(2)- tollo island: Q tol, pl. tolle; N toll, pl. tyll; cf. Tol-eressea, N Toll-ereb.

TOP- cover, roof. *top-: Q topa roof; topa- to roof; tope covers (pa.t. tompe). N tobo cover, roof over; tobas roofing.

TOR- brother (cf. THEL- sister). ON wator brother (wa = together), especially used of those not brothers by blood, but sworn brothers or associates; N gwador (gwedeir). ON toron brother, pl. toroni. N + tor, terein; usually used was the cpd. muindor with analogical pl. muindyr (see MOY, moina). Q toron, torni brother; otorno sworn brother, associate [wo]; otornasse brotherhood; but usually of the bloodkinship was used onoro (*wa-noro = of one kin, see wo, NO) = ON wanuro, N gwanur kinsman.

TOW- Q to wool; toa of wool, woollen; N taw.

TUB- *tumbu deep valley, under or among hills: Q tumbo, N tum. Cf. Tumladen 'the level vale' [LAT], the vale of Gondolin. *tubna deep: Q tumna lowlying, deep, low; N tofn; Ilk. tovon. *Utubnu name of Melko's vaults in the North: Q Utumno; N Udun; Ilk. Uduvon; Dan. Utum.

TUG- *tugu: Q tuo; ON tugo, N tu; Ilk. tugh, tu; muscle, sinew; vigour, physical strength. Cf. name Tuor (older tughor = tu-gor 'strength-vigour', see GOR). *tunga: Q tunga taut, tight (of strings, resonant); N tong; Ilk. tung.

TUK- draw, bring. Q tukin I draw; N tegi (3 sg. tog) to lead, bring; Ilk. toga he brings.

TUL- come, approach, move towards (point of speaker). Q tulin I come; N teli to come, tol he comes. *tulta make come: Q tulta- send for, fetch, summon; N toltho fetch; Ilk. tolda he fetches.

TULUK- Q tulka firm, strong, immoveable, steadfast; cf. Tulkas (Tulkatho, Tulkassen). tulko (*tulku) support, prop. EN tolog stalwart, trusty. tulu (*tulukme, ON tulugme) support, prop. Tulkas was also called Ender (see NDER), EN Enner.

TUMPU- hump. Q tumpo; N tump.

TUN- *tundu: Q tundo; N tund, tunn hill, mound. *tunda: Q tunda tall; N tond, tonn; Ilk. tund. *Tuna: Q Tun, Tuna Elf-city in Valinor; ON Tuna, N Tun. Cf. N mindon isolated hill (*minitunda), especially a hill with a watch-tower. [Under MINI N mindon is derived from *minitaun. - I cannot explain why Tun appears here as a Q form, see QS.]

TUP- *tupse: Q tupse thatch; N taus; Ilk. tuss.

TUR- power, control, mastery, victory. *ture mastery, victory: Q ture; N tur. Cf. name Turambar, N Turamarth 'Master of Fate', name taken in pride by Turin (Q Turindo) - which contains the same element tur victory, + indo mood (see m). *turo and in cpds. turo, tur, master, victor, lord: cf. Q Fantur, N Fannor. Q turin I wield, control, govern, pa.t. turne; N ortheri, 3 sg. orthor (*ortur-) master, conquer; tortho to wield, control. *taura: Q taura mighty; N taur vast, mighty, overwhelming, awful - also high, sublime (see TAWAR). [Added:] Turkil, cf. Tarkil = Numenorean [KHIL].

TURUM- *turuma: Q turma shield; *turumbe: T trumbe shield; Ilk. trumb, trum.

TUS- *tussa: Q tussa bush, N toss low-growing tree (as maple, hawthorn, blackthorn, holly, etc.): e.g. eregdos = holly-tree. See EREK, OR-NI.

TUY- spring, sprout (cf. TIW grow fat, swell?). Q tuia sprouts, springs; N tuio. *tuile: Q tuile spring-time; also used = dayspring, early morn = artuile [AR(1)]. Cf. tuilindo (for *tuilelindo 'springsinger') swallow, N tuilind, tuilin [LIN(2)]. *tuima: Q tuima a sprout, bud; N tuiw, tui.

TYAL- play. Q tyalie sport, play, game; tyalin I play. N telio, teilio (*tyalia-) to play. Cf. tyalangando = harp-player (Q tyalangan): N Talagand, one of the chiefs of Gondolin (see NGAN). N te(i)lien sport, play.

TYUL- stand up (straight). *tyulma mast: Q tyulma. *tyulusse poplar-tree: Q tyulusse, N tulus (pl. tylys) [see u].