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Thomas Center and closed due to structural problems in 2000. After New York City City was prohibited by the courts in 1922 from ocean disposing of garbage, much of it wound up on Rikers Island, even though the island currently had 12 mountains of garbage 40 to 130 feet tall; still, it took in 1.

Because much of the trash was made up of ash from coal heating and incinerators, there were frequent spontaneous phosphorescent fires, even in the winter season, in the snow. One warden explained it in 1934: "At night it is like a forest of Christmas trees first one little light ... then another, until the whole hillside is lit up with little fires ...

It was the efforts of "master contractor" Robert Moses, who did not desire the undesirable island to be the background for his thoroughly landscaped 1939 World's Fair, to get the island tidied up, and have the city's trash sent elsewhereultimately to the Fresh Kills Land Fill on Staten Island. Throughout Mayor David Dinkins' term as mayor of New York, the prison filled to overflowing, and an 800-bed barge was installed on the East River to accommodate the additional inmates.

Bain Correctional Center (VCBC), and is likewise known simply as "The Boat". VCBC is located at 1 Halleck St, Bronx, NY 10474, at the end of Hunts Point, near the just recently moved Fulton Fish Market. The keel for the Vernon C. Bain was laid in 1989 at the Avondale Shipyard in New Orleans.

It opened for usage as a facility in 1992. Initially it had been rented to the NYC Department of Juvenile Justice, while Spofford Juvenile Center was under restoration. VCBC was previously referred to as Maritime Facility # 3 (MTF3); centers 1 and 2 were reconstructed British military transportation barges, or BIBBYs (British Industries Boat Building Yard), utilized throughout the Falklands War, both of which could house 800 soldiers, but only 200 prisoners after their conversion.

In addition, there were two smaller sized 1950s-era Staten Island Ferry boats, both transformed to house 162 prisoners each. The ferry boats were sold for salvage around 2003, and the owner of the shipyard that developed VCBC, Avondale Shipyard, bought the two BIBBYs. More In-Depth is the only vessel of its type in the world.