THE COLLECTED POEMS OF J R R TOLKIEN

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J. R. R. TolkienJohn Ronald Reuel Tolkien (, 3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) was an English writer and philologist. He was the author of the high fantasy works The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings. From 1925 to 1945, Tolkien was the Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon and a Fellow of Pembroke College, both at the University of Oxford. He then moved within the same university to become the Merton Professor of English Language and Literature and Fellow of Merton College, and held these positions from 1945 until his retirement in 1959. Tolkien was a close friend of C. S. Lewis, a co-member of the informal literary discussion group The Inklings. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II on 28 March 1972. After Tolkien's death, his son Christopher published a series of works based on his father's extensive notes and unpublished manuscripts, including The Silmarillion. These, together with The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, form a connected body of tales, poems, fictional histories, invented languages, and literary essays about a fantasy world called Arda and, within it, Middle-earth. Between 1951 and 1955, Tolkien applied the term legendarium to the larger part of these writings. While many other authors had published works of fantasy before Tolkien, the tremendous success of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings ignited a profound interest in the fantasy genre and ultimately precipitated an avalanche of new fantasy books and authors. As a result, he has been popularly identified as the "father" of modern fantasy literature and is widely regarded as one of the most influential authors of all time.

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Tolkien

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Elvish languages of Middle-earth thumbnail

Elvish languages of Middle-earthThe Elvish languages of Middle-earth, constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien, include Quenya and Sindarin. These were the various languages spoken by the Elves of Middle-earth as they developed as a society throughout the Ages. In his pursuit for realism and in his love of language, Tolkien was especially fascinated with the development and evolution of language through time. Tolkien created two almost fully developed languages and a dozen more in various beginning stages as he studied and reproduced the way that language adapts and morphs. A philologist by profession, he spent much time on his constructed languages. In the collection of letters he had written, posthumously published by his son, Christopher Tolkien, he stated that he began stories set within this secondary world, the realm of Middle-earth, not with the characters or narrative as one would assume, but with a created set of languages. The stories and characters serve as conduits to make those languages come to life. Inventing language was always a crucial piece to Tolkien's mythology and world building. As Tolkien stated: The invention of languages is the foundation. The 'stories' were made rather to provide a world for the languages than the reverse. To me a name comes first and the story follows. Tolkien created scripts for his Elvish languages, of which the best known are Sarati, Tengwar, and Cirth.

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J. R. R. Tolkien: Artist and IllustratorJ. R. R. Tolkien: Artist and Illustrator is a collection of paintings (mostly watercolour) and drawings by J. R. R. Tolkien for his stories, published posthumously in 1995. The book was edited by Wayne G. Hammond and Christina Scull. It won the 1996 Mythopoeic Scholarship Award for Inklings Studies. The nature and importance of Tolkien's artwork is discussed.

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J. R. R. Tolkien bibliographyThis is a list of all the published works of the English writer and philologist J. R. R. Tolkien, including works published posthumously.

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Tolkien

bibliography

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Poetry in The Lord of the RingsThe poetry in The Lord of the Rings consists of the poems and songs written by J. R. R. Tolkien, interspersed with the prose of his high fantasy novel of Middle-earth, The Lord of the Rings. The book contains over 60 pieces of verse of many kinds; some poems related to the book were published separately. Seven of Tolkien's songs, all but one from The Lord of the Rings, were made into a song-cycle, The Road Goes Ever On, set to music by Donald Swann. All the poems in The Lord of the Rings were set to music and published on CDs by The Tolkien Ensemble. The verse is of many kinds, including for wandering, marching to war, drinking, and having a bath; narrating ancient myths, riddles, prophecies, and magical incantations; of praise and lament (elegy). Some of these forms were found in Old English poetry. Tolkien stated that all his poems and songs were dramatic in function, not seeking to express the poet's emotions, but throwing light on the characters, such as Bilbo Baggins, Sam Gamgee, and Aragorn, who sing or recite them. Commentators have noted that Tolkien's verse has long been overlooked, and never emulated by other fantasy writers; but that since the 1990s it has received scholarly attention. The verse includes light-hearted songs and apparent nonsense, as with those of Tom Bombadil; the poetry of the Shire, which has been said to convey a sense of "mythic timelessness"; and the laments of the Riders of Rohan, which echo the oral tradition of Old English poetry. Scholarly analysis of Tolkien's verse shows that it is both varied and of high technical skill, making use of different metres and rarely-used poetic devices to achieve its effects.

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Tolkien's poetryTolkien's poetry is extremely varied, including both the poems and songs of Middle-earth, and other verses written throughout his life. J. R. R. Tolkien embedded over 60 poems in the text of The Lord of the Rings; there are others in The Hobbit and The Adventures of Tom Bombadil; and many more in his Middle-earth legendarium and other manuscripts which remained unpublished in his lifetime, some of book length. Some 240 poems, depending on how they are counted, are in his Collected Poems, but that total excludes many of the poems embedded in his novels. Some are translations; others imitate different styles of medieval verse, including the elegiac, while others again are humorous or nonsensical. He stated that the poems embedded in his novels all had a dramatic purpose, supporting the narrative. The poems are variously in modern English, Old English, Gothic, and Tolkien's constructed languages, especially his Elvish languages, Quenya and Sindarin. Tolkien's poetry has long been overlooked, and almost never emulated by other fantasy writers. Readers often skip over the poems in The Lord of the Rings, thinking them an unwelcome distraction. Since the 1990s, Tolkien's poetry has received increased scholarly attention. Analysis shows that it is both varied and of high technical skill, making use of different metres and rarely-used poetic devices to achieve its effects. All the poems in The Lord of the Rings have been set to music by The Tolkien Ensemble.

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Tolkien

poetry

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The Collected Poems of J.R.R. TolkienThe Collected Poems of J.R.R. Tolkien is a 2024 book of poetry written by the English philologist, poet, and author J. R. R. Tolkien, edited by the Tolkien scholars, wife and husband Christina Scull and Wayne G. Hammond. Its three volumes contain some 900 versions of 195 poems, among them around 70 previously unpublished. Reviewers have echoed the editors' remark that readers too easily skip over the poems, finding them a distraction, when actually the poems contribute substantially and in multiple ways to the reader's understanding of character and mood. Holly Ordway finds the poems valuable, delightful, and moving. John R. Holmes, while enjoying many philological details, objects to the substantial amount of repetition in the book with overlapping drafts and lengthy scholarly presentation. Christian Kriticos further notes the habit of the Tolkien Estate to release snippets of new material alongside substantial amounts that had already been published.

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