Türkçe Poroo
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Borga" redirects here. For the Star Wars character, see Borga the Hutt . For Ludvig Borga, see Tony Halme .
A view of buildings in the Porvoo Old Town, including the Porvoo Cathedral
Dalvíkurbyggð , Iceland
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Hancock, Michigan , United States
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^ Jump up to: a b Ulvilan historiaa lyhyesti (in Finnish)
^ Jump up to: a b c Leena Valkeapää: Käyttökelpoinen keskiaika: Historiakulttuuria nykypäivän Ulvilassa ja Raumalla. Alue ja ympäristö . 2006, volume 35, no. 2, p. 79–91.
^ "Area of Finnish Municipalities 1.1.2018" (PDF) . National Land Survey of Finland . Retrieved 30 January 2018 .
^ "Preliminary population structure by area, 2021M01*-2021M12*" . StatFin (in Finnish). Statistics Finland . Retrieved 2 February 2022 .
^ "Population according to language and the number of foreigners and land area km2 by area as of 31 December 2008" . Statistics Finland's PX-Web databases . Statistics Finland . Retrieved 29 March 2009 .
^ "Population according to age (1-year) and sex by area and the regional division of each statistical reference year, 2003–2020" . StatFin . Statistics Finland . Retrieved 2 May 2021 .
^ "List of municipal and parish tax rates in 2021" (PDF) . Tax Administration of Finland. 1 December 2020 . Retrieved 10 April 2021 .
^ Co-operation between Audio Visual and Travel Industries in Eastern Uusimaa
^ Old Porvoo - An Amazing Summertown Just One Hour from Helsinki
^ "Porvoo - The Little Fairy tale Town in Finland" . Travel Melodies . 24 November 2019 . Retrieved 20 June 2020 .
^ "Keskiaika - Suomen kaupungit keskiajalla" . Katajala.net . Retrieved 24 December 2017 .
^ Suomen kunnallisvaakunat (in Finnish). Suomen Kunnallisliitto. 1982. p. 120. ISBN 951-773-085-3 .
^ "Sisäasiainministeriön vahvistamat kaupunkien, kauppaloiden ja kuntien vaakunat I:12 Porvoo" . Kansallisarkiston digitaaliarkisto (in Finnish).
^ Pertti Vihtaranta; et al. (1992). Suomalainen tietosanakirja, osa 6 . Weilin+Göös ja Almagest Oy. ISBN 951-35-4644-6 .
^ Masonen, Jaakko (1989). Hämeen Härkätie . Tiemuseon julkaisuja 4. Valtion painatuskeskus. Helsinki.
^ Jump up to: a b Tarkiainen, Kari (2010). Ruotsin itämaa . Helsinki: Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland. pp. 132–134.
^ Mia Korpiola: Legal Literacy in Premodern European Societies. Palgrave Macmillan, 2019. ISBN 978-3-319-96863-6 .
^ Jump up to: a b Borgå svenska domkyrkoförsamling - The Genealogical Society of Finland
^ Jaakkola, Marianne (19 November 2007). "Yleistä Porvoosta" (in Finnish). Porvoo: City of Porvoo. Archived from the original on 1 February 2009 . Retrieved 7 January 2009 .
^ Picturesque Medieval Old Town of Porvoo
^ An Helsinki to Porvoo Day trip
^ Picture-perfect Porvoo - thisisFINLAND
^ "Branden i Borgå domkyrka" . svenska.yle.fi (in Swedish) . Retrieved 12 June 2021 .
^ "Rikos ja rangaistus" . Archived from the original on 15 March 2012 . Retrieved 1 July 2011 .
^ "Kerava-Porvoo Museum Train Timetable Summer 2009" . Porvoo Museum Railway Society. Archived from the original on 1 August 2009 . Retrieved 14 October 2009 .
^ Runo Hotel (in Finnish)
^ Uusimaa: Runo-hotelli vietti avajaisia Porvoossa – "Valtava kulttuuriteko" (in Finnish)
^ "Kaupunki lukuina" (in Finnish). City of Porvoo. 8 October 2015 . Retrieved 8 March 2021 .
^ Jump up to: a b c "Porvoon kaupungin elinkeino- ja kilpailukykyohjelma 2014-2017" (PDF) (in Finnish). City of Porvoo. 2014 . Retrieved 8 March 2021 .
^ "Suomen seutukuntien kilpailukyky 2013" . Satamittari (in Finnish). Satakuntaliitto. 25 June 2015 . Retrieved 8 March 2021 .
^ Runeberg's cakes – Visit Porvoo
^ Kolmonen, Jaakko 1988. Kotomaamme ruoka-aitta: Suomen, Karjalan ja Petsamon pitäjäruoat , s. 61–62. Helsinki: Patakolmonen Ky. (in Finnish)
^ Brunberg Chocolate Factory – Visit Porvoo
^ Vanhan Porvoon Jäätelötehdas - Old Porvoo Ice Cream Factory – Visit Porvoo
^ "Helsinki – Kouvola direct link "not economically viable" " . International Rail Journal . 5 April 2019.
^ Hämäläinen, Jyrki (14 March 2012). "Lentokenttäkysymys palaa takaisin lähtöruutuun" (in Finnish). Uusimaa . Retrieved 8 March 2021 .
^ "Traficom International Maritime Statistics 2019" (PDF) . Traficom.fi (in Finnish). Finnish Transport and Communications Agency . Retrieved 1 October 2020 .
^ Porvoon vierassatama (in Finnish)
^ Helsinki–Porvoo cruise - MS J. L. Runeberg
^ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Sprengtporten, Göran Magnus, Count" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 25 (11th ed.). pp. 737–738.
^ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Sprengtporten, Jakob Magnus" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 25 (11th ed.). p. 738.
^ Kääpä, Pietari (2012). World Film Locations: Helsinki . Intellect. ISBN 978-1841507224 .
^ "Post Office action scene - "The Jackal" - Movie Locations on Waymarking.com" . www.waymarking.com . Retrieved 10 May 2020 .
^ Suomi Venäjänä elokuvissa (in Finnish)
^ "Loki References Locations From Guardians of the Galaxy, Captain Marvel & More Movies In New Episode" . The Direct . 16 June 2021 . Retrieved 29 June 2021 .
^ "The sister cities of Porvoo" (in Finnish). Porvoo City. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011 . Retrieved 5 March 2011 .
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Porvoo .
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Porvoo .
Porvoo ( Finnish pronunciation: [ˈporʋoː] ; Swedish : Borgå [ˈborːɡo] ( listen ) ; Latin : Borgoa ) is a city and a municipality in the Uusimaa region of Finland , situated on the southern coast about 35 kilometres (22 mi) east of the city border of Helsinki and about 50 kilometres (30 mi) from the city centre. Porvoo was one of the six medieval towns of Finland, along with Turku , Ulvila , Rauma , Naantali and Vyborg . It is first mentioned as a city in texts from the 14th century. Porvoo is the seat of the Swedish-speaking Diocese of Borgå of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland . Porvoo was briefly the capital of the former Eastern Uusimaa region . [8]
Porvoo Old Town ( Finnish : Porvoon vanhakaupunki ; Swedish : Borgås gamla stan ) is a popular tourist destination, [9] known for its well-preserved 18th- and 19th-century buildings, and the 15th-century Porvoo Cathedral . The Old Town and the Porvoonjoki River Valley are recognized as, together, one of the National landscapes of Finland . [10]
The municipality's official languages are Finnish and Swedish. In 2014, 64.6% of the population spoke Finnish as their native language, while 30.1% were Swedish speakers, and 5.4% had different native languages.
The municipalities neighbouring Porvoo are Askola , Loviisa , Myrskylä , Pornainen , and Sipoo ; and the sub-region maintained by Porvoo includes Askola, Myrskylä and Pukkila .
The town received its name from a Swedish medieval fortress near the river Porvoonjoki , which flows through the town. The name Porvoo is the Fennicised version of the Swedish name Borgå , which is derived from borg , meaning " castle " and å , " river ". [11]
The coat of arms of Porvoo, based on the medieval seal of the city, is "Azure [blue], a tulip-shaped letter C argent [silver]." The main object in the arms has been interpreted as either a fire iron or the letter C, referring to the Latin word for "castle" ( Latin : castrum ). A version of the arms redrawn by Gustaf von Numers was approved for official use by the Porvoo City Council on March 23, 1960, and the Ministry of the Interior confirmed the use of the coat of arms on June 1 the same year. [12] [13]
The area of Porvoo has been inhabited since the Stone Age . [14] In prehistoric times, the river Porvoonjoki was a route of commerce for Finnish tribal Tavastians who primarily inhabited the inland regions. The Tavastians also had some permanent settlements in the area, such as the village of Hattula (later Strömsberg), which was named after an inland Tavastian village. The original name of the river Porvoonjoki was possibly Kukinjoki. The name derives from the name of the trade vessel cog which was a common merchant ship in the Baltic Sea in medieval times. The early center of the area was Saksala , meaning "the place of the Germans ", and deriving from the merchants who were trading in Saksala. [15] [16]
Porvoo was colonised by Swedes in the 13th and 14th centuries after the so-called Second Crusade against Tavastians in 1249–1250. The colonisation was led by the Catholic Church and the kingdom of Sweden. The colonists originated from Svealand , and were provided with seeds, cattle and, tax exemption for four years. [16]
The oldest known written mentions of Porvoo are from the early 14th century. In circa 1380, Porvoo became the third town in Finland to be granted official town rights , after Turku in 1229 and Ulvila in 1365. [2] However, it is also claimed to have been founded as early as 1347, which would make it the second oldest after Turku. [1] Due to land rise and loss of shipping access, Ulvila lost town rights to nearby Pori in 1558. [2]
When Sweden lost the city of Vyborg to Russia in 1721, the episcopal see was moved to Porvoo in 1723. [17] [18] At this time, Porvoo was the second largest city in Finland.
In 1760, roughly two-thirds of all buildings in Porvoo burned to the ground in a conflagration . During rebuilding, the city planning wasn't altered, instead new buildings were built upon the existing medieval foundations.
After the conquest of Finland by Russian armies in 1808, Sweden had to cede Finland to Russia in 1809 (the Treaty of Fredrikshamn ). The Diet of Porvoo in 1809 was a landmark in the History of Finland . The Tsar Alexander I confirmed the new Finnish constitution (which was essentially the Swedish constitution from 1772), and made Finland an autonomous Grand Duchy . In 1923, six years after Finland's independence , the former Diocese of Vyborg , which operated in Porvoo, was replaced by a current Swedish-speaking diocese of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland , the Diocese of Porvoo . [18]
The Porvoo Common Statement is a report issued at the conclusion of theological conversations by official representatives of four Anglican churches and eight Nordic and Baltic Lutheran churches in 1989–1992. It established the Porvoo Communion , so named after the Porvoo Cathedral where the Eucharist was celebrated on the final Sunday of the conversations leading to the Statement.
The old city of Porvoo was formally disestablished and the new city of Porvoo founded in 1997, when the city of Porvoo and the rural municipality of Porvoo were consolidated. [19]
The town is famed for its "Old Town" ( Vanhakaupunki in Finnish , Gamla Stan in Swedish ), a dense medieval street pattern with predominantly wooden houses from the 17th and 18th centuries. The Old Town came close to being demolished in the 19th century by a new urban plan for the city, but the plan was canceled due to a popular resistance headed by Count Louis Sparre . With the need for growth, a plan was envisioned for a new town built adjacent to the Old Town, following a grid plan, but with houses also built of wood. Jokikatu (located eastside of the Porvoonjoki River) is one of Porvoo's pedestrian streets , and like the other similar streets of the Old Town, it also includes a variety of restaurants , coffeehouses , antique shops and other stores. [22]
The central point of the old town is the medieval, stone and brick Porvoo Cathedral . The cathedral gave its name to the Porvoo Communion , an inter-church agreement between a number of Anglican and Lutheran denominations . The cathedral is reminiscent of similarly aged churches across Finland, such as the Church of St. Lawrence, Vantaa , as they were designed by the same person, the anonymous German architect Pernajan mestari . The cathedral has burned down 5 times. [23] The latest fire happened on 29 May 2006; the roof was totally destroyed but the interior is largely intact. A drunken youth had started a fire at the church, unaware of recent tar work and nearby tar containers, accidentally causing a large conflagration . He was later sentenced to a short prison term and restitutions of 4.3 million euro. [24]
The red-coloured wooden storage buildings on the riverside are a proposed UNESCO World Heritage Site . The Old Town is a significant source of tourism in the area. Visitors to the capital Helsinki can embark on day trips to visit the older city. The Old Town also hosts various events, such as an annual Christmas market.
By the end of the 20th century, there was pressure to develop the essentially untouched western side of the river. There was concern that growth would necessitate the construction of a second bridge across the river into the town, thus putting further strain on the aging wooden town. An architectural competition was held in 1990, the winning entry of which proposed building the second bridge. Plans for the western side of the river have progressed under the direction of architect Tuomas Siitonen , and both a vehicle bridge and a pedestrian bridge have been built. The design for new housing is based on a typology derived from the old storehouses on the opposite side of the river. Yet another new development entails the construction of a large business park called King's Gate ( Finnish : Kuninkaanportti , Swedish : Kungsporten ), which is under construction.
The Porvoo railway station does not have a regular train service, but special museum trains from Kerava (either with steam locomotives or former VR diesel railcars from the 1950s) operate on summer weekends. [25]
The new hotel called Runo Hotel was opened in the old town of Porvoo on May 31, 2021. [26] [27]
Hornhattula, Joonaanmäki (Jonasbacken), Jernböle, Kaupunginhaka (Stadshagen), Keskusta (Centrum), Etelä-Kevätkumpu (Södra Vårberga), Pohjois-Kevätkumpu (Norra Vårberga), Myllymäki (Kvarnbacken), Näsi (Näse), Pappilanmäki (Prästgårdsbacken), Skaftkärr, Suistola, Vanha Porvoo (Gamla Borgå).
Hamari (Hammars), Aunela (Ånäs), Eestinmäki (Estbacka), Gammelbacka, Huhtinen (Huktis), Katajamäki (Ensbacka), Kevätkumpu (Vårberga), Kokonniemi (Uddas), Kuninkaanportti (Kungsporten), Pappilanpelto, Peippola (Pepot), Tarkkinen (Tarkis), Tarmola (Östermalm).
Suomenkylä ( Swedish : Finnby ) is a village north of the centre of Porvoo and beside the Porvoo river. Suomenkylä has an old school founded by Johannes Linnankoski in 1898. The village of Suomenkylä also has two burial places from the Bronze Age .
Kerkkoo ( Swedish : Kerko ) is a village north of the centre of Porvoo and beside the Porvoo river. It has an active school that is over 100 years old. In the village of Kerkkoo, archeologists and townspeople found a stone axe from the Bronze Age .
Ali-Vekkoski (Söderveckoski), Anttila (Andersböle), Baggböle, Bengtsby (Pentinkylä), Bjurböle, Boe (Häihä), Bosgård, Brattnäs, Eerola (Eriksdal), Eestinmäki (Estbacka), Emäsalo (Emsalö), Epoo (Ebbo), Fagersta, Gammelbacka, Grännäs, Gäddrag, Haikkoo (Haiko), Henttala, Hinthaara (Hindhår), Hommanäs, Huhtinen, Hummelsund, Ilola (Illby), Jakari (Jackarby), Järnböle, Kaarenkylä (Karsby), Kalax (Kaalahti), Kallola, Kardrag, Karleby (Kaarlenkylä), Kiiala (Kiala), Kilpilahti (Sköldvik), Klemetti (Klemetsby), Kortisbacka, Kreppelby, Kroksnäs, Kråkö, Kulloo (Kullo), Kurböle, Kuris, Londböle, Mickelsböle, Munkkala (Munkby), Mustijoki (Svartså), Myllykylä (Molnby), Norike, Nygård, Onas, Orrby (Orrenkylä), Pappilanmäki (Prästgårdsbacken), Peippola (Pepot), Pellinki (Pellinge), Piirlahti (Pirlax), Ramsholmen, Renum, Saksala (Saxby), Sannainen (Sannäs), Seitlahti (Seitlax), Sikilä (Siggböle), Skavarböle, Sondby, Stensböle, Sundö (Suni)), Svartbäck, Tamminiemi (Eknäs), Tarkkinen (Tarkis), Teissala (Teisala), Tolkkinen (Tolkis), Tirmo (Tirmoo), Treksilä (Drägsby), Tuorila (Torasbacka), Tyysteri (Tjusterby), Vaarlahti (Varlax), Vanhamoisio (Gammelgård), Veckjärvi (Vekjärvi), Virtaala (Strömsberg), Virvik, Voolahti (Vålax), Västermunkby, Ylike , Yli-Vekkoski (Norrveckoski), Åby, Åminsby.
In 2011, there were 20,312 jobs in Porvoo, distributed as follows: primary production 1.6 per cent, processing 32.5 per cent and services 64.7 per cent. In December 2012, the unemployment rate in Porvoo was 8.4 per c
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