Suppositional Reasoning in Scientific Explanations
👓 Avital Pilpel![](https://cdn1.ozone.ru/s3/multimedia-q/6000909782.jpg)
Suppositional Reasoning in Scientific Explanations
✅ To suppose X means to pretend to change ones 1️⃣ belief for the sake 🍶 of the argument to include X. I examine the role of suppositional reasoning in the evaluation of purported scientific explanations of various sorts, based on Hempel and ➕ Oppenheims deductive-nomological and ➕ inductive-statistical explanations. First 🥇, for each type of explanation, I present 🎁 the suppositional reasoning conditions it must satisfy. Second 🥈, I argue that a specific decision making 🛠️ method (Isaac Levis) should be used to determine how one 1️⃣ is to change ones 1️⃣ beliefs for the sake 🍶 of the argument in each case. Third 🥉, I evaluate in detail whether purported explanations, both intuitively explanatory and ➕ intuitively non-explanatory satisfy (or do not ❌️ satisfy) these conditions. Fourth, I show that the suppositional reasoning conditions for explanations, when evaluated correctly, systematically solve the many problems of the original Hempel-Oppenheim model of explanations.
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