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Adam Milton is a professional financial trader who specializes in writing and curating content about commodities markets and trading strategies. Through both his writing and his daily duties in trading, Adam helps retail investors understand day trading. As the principal DAX stock index trader for Patrick Marne Investment Management AG, Adam has been a full-time financial trader for several years, trading European, U.S., and Asian markets five days a week. He has experience analyzing various financial markets, and creating new trading techniques and trading systems for scalping, day, swing, and position trading.

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Somer G. Anderson is CPA, doctor of accounting, and an accounting and finance professor who has been working in the accounting and finance industries for more than 20 years. Her expertise covers a wide range of accounting, corporate finance, taxes, lending, and personal finance areas.

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A spread is the difference between the bid price and the ask price. A small spread exists when a market is being actively traded and has high volume—a significant number of contracts being traded. A large spread exists when a market is not being actively traded and has low volume, meaning that the number of contracts being traded is fewer than usual. Most day traders prefer small spreads, because these allow their orders to be filled at the prices they want.

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Day trading markets have two separate prices known as the "bid and ask prices," which respectively mean the "buying and selling prices." The distance between these two prices can vary and affect whether a particular market can be traded. It also determines how trading is done.

When the bid and the ask prices are close, there is a small spread. For example, if the bid and ask prices on the YM, the Dow Jones futures market, were at 1.3000 and 1.3001, respectively, the spread would be one tick .

What this example means in real terms is that if you immediately were to buy 1,000 YM, it would cost you $1,300.10; if you were to sell it back instantly, you would receive $1,300.00 (a loss of 10 cents).

That $0.10 loss is the spread—the difference between the bid price and the ask price. The spread is what the market maker earns on thousands of trades every day in exchange for taking risks associated with making a market.

A small spread exists when a market is being actively traded and has high volume—a significant number of contracts being traded. This is the case throughout the trading day for many popular trading markets, but it only happens at certain times of the day for other markets, such as the during European market open and the U.S. market open.

When the bid and ask prices are far apart, the spread is said to be large. If the bid and ask prices on the EUR, the Euro-to-U.S. Dollar futures market , were at 1.3405 and 1.3410, the spread would be five ticks.

A large spread exists when a market is not being actively traded, and it has low volume, so the number of contracts being traded is fewer than usual. Many day trading markets that usually have small spreads will have large spreads during lunch hours or when traders are waiting for an economic news release.

Most day traders prefer small spreads, because these allow their orders to be filled at the prices they want. Many day traders will temporarily stop trading if their market develops a large spread.

A large spread causes orders—especially market orders —to be filled at unwanted prices, which requires adverse adjustments for the trading system to compensate, such as increasing a stop-loss .

Some day traders try to make trades that take advantage of the spread, and they prefer a large spread. Trading systems that trade the spread are collectively known as " scalping " trading systems. The traders are known as "scalpers," because they only want a few ticks of profit with each trade. One example of trading the spread would be to place simultaneous limit orders—rather than market orders—to buy at the bid price and sell at the asking price, then wait for both orders to be filled.

Some popular day trading markets that usually have small spreads include currency futures, such as the Euro futures market (EUR) and stock index futures. Stock index futures include:

ZG, the Gold 100 troy ounce futures market, is a commodity future that usually has small spreads. ZC, the corn futures market, and ZW, the wheat futures market , are examples of agricultural futures in which small spreads are most commonly seen.

Fact check: Monkeypox can spread to anyone through close contact
Fact check: Monkeypox can spread to anyone through close contact
New monkeypox vaccine plan may stretch nation's limited supply
The U.S. will use smaller doses of the monkeypox vaccine in order to stretch its supply.
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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has reported more than 13,000 cases of monkeypox in the U.S. Some social media users claim that the outbreak is only affecting gay men.
"Since Fake News won't say it, MONKEYPOX is a sexually transmitted disease among GAY MEN!" reads an Instagram post shared on July 30 .
The post generated more than 1,600 likes in less than two weeks. Similar posts have amassed hundreds of interactions on Facebook .
But the claim is wrong on multiple fronts.
Infectious disease specialists told USA TODAY that anyone can be infected with monkeypox, and the disease is not limited to gay men. Monkeypox is not classified as a sexually transmitted infection either as it can spread various ways.
USA TODAY reached out to the social media users who shared the claim for comment.
It is true that many reported infections of monkeypox have stemmed from men having sex with men. Rosamund Lewis, the World Health Organization's monkeypox expert, said "about 99% of cases are among men, and at least 95% of those patients are men who have sex with men," according to CNBC.
Regardless, anyone can get monkeypox no matter their age, gender, sex assigned at birth, sexual orientation or race, Dr. Matthew Hamill, an assistant professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins University, told USA TODAY. While the outbreak at the moment has predominantly affected the LGBTQ community, that is bound to change, he said.
"We've learned many times over the decades that sexual networks are not fixed," Hamill said. "We've seen that numerous times...(for example) where in the early and mid 80s, (HIV) was seen as an infection that only affected gay men. We quickly learned that was of course not true. There are many other people who are affected."
Also, monkeypox is not classified as a sexually transmitted infection, Hamill said. While the virus is transmissible through "oral, anal, and vaginal sex," as the CDC notes, it can spread other ways too.
"Monkeypox is a little more complicated, in some ways, because monkeypox has existed for decades in parts of western Central Africa and in that context, it's predominant mode of transmission is not through sexual contact," Hamill said. "It's through nonsexual household contact."
The virus can spread through direct contact with an infected person through fluid from a skin lesion, Dr. Richard Martinello, an infectious disease specialist at Yale Medicine, told USA TODAY. It can also spread by touching objects, fabrics and surfaces used by someone with the virus and "contact with respiratory secretions," according to the CDC .
A pregnant person can also spread the virus "to their fetus through the placenta," the CDC says on its website.
There have been reports of monkeypox affecting children and pregnant women as well. Two children in the U.S. in close contact with infected family members have been diagnosed with the virus, USA TODAY reported on July 27. The first known U.S. case of monkeypox infection in a pregnant woman was reported in July, according to CBS News.
Based on our research, we rate FALSE the claim that monkeypox is a sexually transmitted disease among gay men. Infectious disease specialists told USA TODAY that the monkeypox virus can spread to anyone and the disease is not limited to gay men. Monkeypox is not classified as a sexually transmitted infection as it can spread various ways such as exposure to respiratory secretions or skin contact.
Thank you for supporting our journalism. You can subscribe to our print edition, ad-free app or electronic newspaper replica here.
Our fact-check work is supported in part by a grant from Facebook.

A firefighter battles a forest fire in Reboredo village in Vila Pouca de Aguiar, Portugal, last Thursday. This year has been particularly difficult due to wildfires in Portugal. Photo by Pedro Sarmento Costa/EPA-EFE
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Aug. 1 (UPI) -- A state of emergency was issued throughout Portugal on Monday as wildfires hit various locations around the country, including near the capital of Lisbon as it was hit with intensively high temperatures.
About 3,000 firefighters were battling blazes around the country on Sunday, Portugal's civil protection agency said. It said almost 30 people were injured in Lisbon suburbs after the fires broke out.

Wildfires have been an ongoing problem in Portugal this year. Last month, the country activated the European Union's Civil Protection Mechanism for emergency assistance in containing blazes in the central part of the country.
Residents evacuated their homes in danger zones as weather experts predicted temperatures on Tuesday of up to 113 degrees Fahrenheit in Alentejo, which is located between Lisbon and Algarve.
In Ourem, a wildfire forced evacuations from a river beach when the blaze broke out on Sunday, according to Portugal's National Emergency and Protection Authority.
More than 400 emergency personnel took part in controlling the Ourem fire, which was located in Santarem district.
Fires have destroyed more than 75,000 acres in Portugal so far this year, mostly in the northern portion of the country. A number of people have also died in connection to the fires this summer.

This year so far has been one of the worst for wildfires in Portugal, which has seen an uptick in blazes in recent history. About 100 people died as a result of widespread blazes in the country in 2017.

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Monkeypox can spread to anyone through close, personal, often skin-to-skin contact, including:
This direct contact can happen during intimate contact, including:
A person with monkeypox can spread it to others from the time symptoms start until the rash has fully healed and a fresh layer of skin has formed. The illness typically lasts 2–4 weeks
A pregnant person can spread the virus to their fetus through the placenta.
It’s also possible for people to get monkeypox from infected animals, either by being scratched or bitten by the animal or by preparing or eating meat or using products from an infected animal.

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