Spotlight On Weeds: Broadleaf Plantain (Plantago Major) - Purdue Landscape Report

Biology: Broadleaf plantain (Plantago main) is a perennial, broadleaf weed that can be present in nutrient-poor soils; nevertheless, they like nutrient rich-soils which are moist and often high in calcium. Broadleaf plantain is a standard weed in turfgrass, nurseries, and landscapes. It germinates from seed in late spring through mid-to-late summer and occasionally within the fall depending on temperature and moisture. It has a low growing rosette behavior and tolerates close mowi

ng. It’s skill to outlive a variety of environments make broadleaf plantain a typical weed in North America.

Identification: Broadleaf plantain is anchored primarily by fibrous roots. Some describe the foundation system as having a central, quick taproot with branched-out fibrous roots however my expertise is that giant, fibrous roots are widespread and that taproots (particularly massive taproots like a dandelion) are very uncommon. majalah-bunga grows with a rosette habit with leaves that can grow flat along the turfgrass canopy or extra erect and upright depending on cultural control strategies. The plant produces leaves that form on lengthy, broad leaf-stems (petioles) which will develop as much as six inches long and 4 inches huge when left unmown or untreated. Young leaves are oval to egg-shaped, usually have 3-5 distinguished veins, and are gentle inexperienced in coloration. As the plant matures, the leaves begin to look darker inexperienced, might be easy or barely bushy, and abruptly narrowing to the petiole (leaf stalk). Very outstanding leaf veins run parallel to the margin and appear to originate from the attachment level on the petiole. Leaf margins are easy (whole) and appear extra crinkled and wavy as the plant matures. Although the leaves can seem waxy and darkish- to bluish-green, the petioles typically have a reddish color towards their base, or the origin level of the rosette. Broadleaf plantain can produce flowers from June by means of September on lengthy, leafless flower-stalks that arise from the center of the rosette. Small, whitish petals emerge from the flower-stalk the place seeds are produced in an oval-shaped capsule which might contain up to 30 viable seeds. It might usually be confused with blackseed plantain (Plantago rugelii) which is similar in appearance. Moreover, it is thought that many plants characterized as broadleaf plantain could the truth is be natural crosses between Plantago main and Plantago rugelii.

Cultural management: The primary cultural control methods embody mulching and cultivation. Since its main technique of dispersal is through seed, control or removing of the plant prior to seed production might reduce the unfold of this weed by depleting the weed seed financial institution. Broadleaf plantain thrives in compacted soils, moist or dry soils, and shady situations. Some analysis suggests as well that this plant prefers excessive calcium soils, but excessive calcium soils are a common phenomenon in North American because the soil parent material is limestone. Plants can be eliminated by hand-weeding if there are only a few on the property.

Determine 3. Broadleaf plantain. Photograph by Aaron Patton

Biological management: None known specifically for broadleaf plantain. Many new organic products include the active ingredient iron HEDTA (FeHEDTA). Multiple functions of this product are required for control. The efficacy for weed management via biological management is yet to be effectively documented.

Chemical control:

Preemergence:

Preemergence herbicides are the really helpful technique for controlling henbit in nurseries and landscapes. Preemergence herbicides will reduce dangers of phytotoxicity, reduce the full quantity of herbicides utilized, and reduce labor inputs. The herbicide must be utilized Prior to germination for control. A fall utility of preemergence herbicide is important to control henbit. See desk 1 for preemergence herbicides which can be labeled on ornamentals for controlling henbit.

Postemergence:

Postemergence herbicides may be used when escapes occur with the preemergence software. Glyphosate works properly on henbit, but be cautious when making use of across the ornamental plants in the nursery or panorama. See Table 2 for labeled postemergence herbicides which are efficient on henbit.

Neal, J. C., Derr, J., Marble, C., and Senesac, A. 2017. Nursery and Panorama Weed Management. Southeastern US Pest Management Information for Nursery Crops and Panorama Plantings.