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Nicole Harris is the Editor at Parents. She joined the team in 2018 as a Staff Writer and was promoted to SEO Editor in 2021. She now covers everything from children's health to parenting trends. Nicole's writing has appeared in Martha Stewart Weddings, Good Housekeeping, The Knot, BobVila.com, and other publications. A graduate of Syracuse University, Nicole currently lives in New Jersey with her husband.

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There are many advantages to having pregnancy sex , including lowered blood pressure, improved sleep, and increased intimacy, but did you know that if you engage in penis-in-vagina intercourse there may be an added benefit? It's true. While many of these claims need more research, introducing seminal fluid into your birth canal might not be such a bad idea.

Here are three surprising benefits of semen during pregnancy.

A high-risk pregnancy condition, preeclampsia is defined by elevated blood pressure and protein in the urine. It occurs in 5% to 8% of all pregnancies, according to the Preeclampsia Foundation , and it can cause pregnancy complications like a low birth weight baby, placental abruption , preterm delivery, kidney failure, and maternal and/or fetal death.

Researchers in Denmark released a 2017 study linking semen and preeclampsia. In summary, those who had greater exposure to seminal fluid before conception had a lower risk of developing preeclampsia . Those with six months or less of exposure had a higher instance of the condition. One possible reason: Semen contains a protein, HLA-G, that improves the immune system. More exposure to the paternal cells in this protein can help create "immunity" against preeclampsia, so to speak.

Along those same lines, a 2014 study published in the Journal of Reproductive Immunology also found that seminal fluid in the vagina was linked to a lowered risk of preeclampsia. In fact, those with the highest amount of vaginal-semen exposure had a 70% reduced risk. The risk was not lowered by any oral introduction of semen, however.

According to one SUNY-Albany psychologist, Gordon Gallup, increased semen exposure could help morning sickness . Gallup's theory states that a pregnant person's body rejects paternal cells in the fetus as a foreign substance, according to Slate . The body tries to expel this unfamiliar genetic material through nausea and vomiting.

If this theory holds, the cure for morning sickness may be exposing yourself to semen through either vaginal or oral sex . This would help your body develop a "tolerance" to paternal DNA, thus decreasing nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. The exposure should ideally happen before conception and throughout the first few weeks of pregnancy . Of course, no medical study has actually backed up Gallup's theory, so take this "advice" with a grain of salt.

If a pregnant person is overdue , some experts say that having penis-in-vagina sex could possibly bring on labor, says Jimmy Belotte, an OB-GYN in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health at Montefiore Health System and an associate professor in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Part of the reason is that orgasms mimic uterine contractions, and sex can release oxytocin, a hormone that's associated with labor.

But semen might play a role, too. Seminal fluid contains a hormone-like substance called prostaglandins, which is capable of ripening the cervix, says Dr. Belotte. In fact, a synthetic form of prostaglandin is also used in labor induction medications like misoprostol.

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How Much Sperm Does It Take to Get Pregnant? Semen Quality Explained

In this Article

Sperm characteristics for conception

Amount and concentration

Increasing sperm volume

Sperm amount for AI

Precum and conception

Can increasing sperm volume help conception?

Updated on June 14, 2021

Mayo Clinic Staff. “Healthy sperm: Improving your fertility.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER), 25 Apr. 2020, https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/fertility/art-20047584#:~:text=Quantity.,available%20to%20fertilize%20the%20egg.

Mayo Clinic Staff. “Low sperm count: Diagnosis.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER), 30 Oct. 2020, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/low-sperm-count/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20374591#:~:text=You%20are%20considered%20to%20have,decreases%20with%20decreasing%20sperm%20counts.

Gargollo M.D., Patricio C. “How long do sperm live after ejaculation?” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER), 11 Aug. 2020, https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/expert-answers/pregnancy/faq-20058504.

“Low sperm count.” NHS, 07 Aug. 2019, https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/low-sperm-count/.

Pagano MD, Trina. “Sperm FAQ.” WebMD, 24 Oct. 2020, https://www.webmd.com/infertility-and-reproduction/guide/sperm-and-semen-faq#:~:text=How%20many%20sperm%20do%20you,release%20nearly%20100%20million%20sperm.

Higdon III, H.L. et al. “Minimum number of sperm needed to obtain an intrauterine insemination pregnancy.” Poster Session Sperm Preparation, vol. 90, supplement, S202, 01 Sept. 2008, American Society for Reproductive Medicine, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.641, https://www.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282(08)02172-9/fulltext#articleInformation

Kovavisarach, Ekachai et al. “Presence of Sperm in Pre-Ejaculatory Fluid of Healthy Males.” J Med Assoc Thai, vol. 99, no. 2, Feb. 2016, pp. 38-41, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27266214/

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Whether you’re trying to get pregnant or want to avoid it, it’s helpful to know the science behind sperm and conception. Keep reading to learn all about how much sperm it takes to get pregnant, along with other characteristics of semen that are important for conceiving a baby.
Different factors determine sperm health and the chances of fertilizing an egg. Sperm quantity, concentration, motility, and shape are all factors that determine if a male is fertile. The amount of sperm and their ability to move are the most important factors for a male to be able to get a female pregnant.
When males ejaculate, they release on average around 100 million sperm. It only takes one sperm fertilizing an egg to conceive a child. Millions of sperm die on the journey to reach the egg.
But how much sperm does it take to get pregnant? A fertile man’s ejaculation has at least 15 million sperm up to over 200 million sperm per milliliter (or two teaspoons) of semen. Each ejaculation has around 2-6 milliliters or ½-1 teaspoon of semen. If a man has under 15 million sperm per milliliter or less than 39 million total sperm in one ejaculation, he is considered to have a low sperm count. Some males have zero sperm in their semen, a condition known as azoospermia.
When there is less sperm in an ejaculation, it reduces the probability that you will get pregnant. This is simply because there are fewer sperm available to reach and fertilize the egg. While having a low sperm count makes it more difficult to conceive, it’s still possible to get pregnant.
Sperm motility is its ability to swim. In order to reach and fertilize an egg, sperm needs to move first through the cervix, then the uterus and finally the uterine tubes. If at least 40 percent of sperm are moving, a man is most likely fertile.
The structure, or morphology, of sperm are a third factor for conception. A normal sperm is shaped with an oval head and a long tail. These elements work together to propel the sperm forward to swim and find the egg located in the uterine tubes. Having more sperm with this shape increases the chance of fertility.
New sperm are being constantly produced in the testicles and take between 42 to 76 days to reach maturity. After sperm are ejaculated into the female reproductive tract, they stay alive for up to five days. Within this time, the sperm can fertilize an egg. If semen is preserved at freezing temperatures, sperm can live for several decades. When sperm is on a dry surface (like on the bed or clothes), they will die when the semen is dry. In water (like in a warm bath or hot tub), sperm will live longer, but it’s very unlikely that they will make their way through the uterus and result in pregnancy.
Having a healthy sperm count is important for conception. There are a few things males can do to produce healthy sperm and boost sperm count, including maintaining a good weight and eating a healthy diet, practicing safe sex to prevent STIs, keeping stress levels low, and exercising regularly. Avoiding alcohol, smoking, toxins (pesticides, lead, etc.), lubricants during sex, certain medications (steroids, tricyclic antidepressants, calcium channel blockers, and anti-androgens), and keeping the penis cool also helps improve fertility.
Artificial insemination (AI) is when sperm is placed inside the uterus. During in vitro fertilization, eggs and sperm are combined outside of the female’s body in a lab and then the fertilized egg is returned to the womb. This can be an option for couples where the male has a slightly lower sperm count or motility and you’ve been trying to get pregnant for at least one year.
Artificial insemination requires a minimum 6.7 million sperm per insemination to be successful. But sperm amount matters less for AI than for natural insemination. Instead, sperm motility and shape play a greater role.
Precum is pre-ejaculate fluid released from the penis during sex. There is a low probability that you will get pregnant from precum, but it’s still possible. Studies show that the majority of precum either has dead sperm or none at all, but small amounts can still be present. A 2016 study of 42 healthy males found actively mobile sperm in 16.7 percent of pre-ejaculatory fluid.
There are several factors that signal if sperm is healthy and likely to fertilize an egg, including the amount and concentration per ejaculation of semen, as well as motility and structure. Even if a male has a low sperm count, there are some things he can do to take care of his health and improve the chance of getting a female pregnant.

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From eating healthy diets to preparing the incubator, there are many things recommended to women to do before they get pregnant to have a healthy baby. But it takes two to make a baby, so what about the men? Recent research has shown that genes encoded in men’s sperm can be modifed by the environment in which they were developing, and those modifications may affect the developing child. In this episode, Dr. Kirtly Parker Jones gives insight into some of the things that men can do to prepare for pregnancy.
Dr. Jones: Plan your pregnancy. Act pregnant before you get pregnant. Prepare the incubator. These are all things we tell women to do before they get pregnant to have a healthy baby, but what about the guys? This is Dr. Kirtly Jones from obstetrics and gynecology at University of Utah Health and we're talking about men, sperm, and the babies they make on The Scope.
Announcer: Covering all aspects of women's health. This is the Seven Domains of Women's Health with Dr. Kirtly Jones on The Scope.
In the past 20 years, we've been learning about changes to genes that happen very early in development, very early. As early as the first week after fertilization of the human egg. Before a woman even knows that she's pregnant, the environment that the developing embryo sees turns genes on, or off, or modifies the way they work. This continues through pregnancy and early childhood development and it's a process that's called epigenetic. It means that the genes of the developing baby and child are not changed in their basic DNA, but the way the genes work.
How they are transcribed to make proteins, that's how they're working, and that's changed. But we always thought that men just provided genetic material with sperm. A sperm was a sperm, and all it did was deliver a man's DNA to the egg. Now, in research that has been building up over the past several years, we are beginning to see the genes encoded in sperm can be modified by the environment in which they were developing, meaning, in the guy. And those modifications may affect the developing child.
So let's start with mice. In 2013, in the Journal of Neuroscience, researchers reported that stressed mouse dads had changes in their sperm and their offspring had abnormal stress responses when compared to offspring of non-stressed mouse dads. It
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