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What Does Mixed Antiglobulin Reaction (MAR Test) Mean?

FertilitySmarts Explains Mixed Antiglobulin Reaction (MAR Test)

Direct MAR or Immunobead Tests

Indirect MAR (Sperm MAR)

Pros and Cons

Sperm Agglutination
Acrosome Reaction

https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article/15/2/231/555173

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3720983

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Pseudomenopause refers to a hormonal state in which a woman of reproductive age stops ovulating or producing enough hormones to have a menstrual cycle due to hormonal interruption. The hormonal interruption may be caused by medications that reduce natural hormone levels. It may also occur in women...
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Mixed antiglobulin reaction (MAR) is a test used to detect the presence of anti-sperm antibodies (ASA) on sperm. It is thought that when antibodies bind to the membrane of sperm, they can damage sperm, decrease sperm motility or hinder transportation through the reproductive tracts or otherwise interfere with fertilization.
The direct MAR test involves mixing fresh, untreated (direct MAR) or washed (immunobead) semen with latex particles coated with a type of human antibody (immunoglobulin A or G ) called IgA or IgG. The antibody to the antibody, called anti-IgA or anti-IgG is then added to the mixture of fresh, untreated sperm and latex beads.
These antibody-coated particles will recognize and attach to the region of the sperms wherever the anti-sperm antibodies (of the IgG type) are located.
Typically if 50% or more of the sperm binds to the Ig, it is considered positive and requires follow up testing.
The indirect MAR is done by adding washed motile sperm from a donor (screened to be free of antibodies) to the patient’s diluted serum. The mixture is incubated at 37°C for an hour. Then a drop of this mixture is processed as in a regular MAR test by mixing it with coated latex particles and anti-IgG. After 2 to 3 minutes, the percentage of motile sperm that bind to the antibodies (IgG) is recorded.
The Direct MAR/immunobead tests are convenient, quicker, and require less volume of ejaculate. The indirect MAR test is more sensitive (yields fewer false-positives) and accurate, hence, it appears to be an ideal procedure to screen for sperm antibodies in serum.

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By: Kelly Park
| Contributor

By: Kelly Park
| Contributor

By: Kelly Park
| Contributor

By: Kelly Park
| Contributor

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SpermMar test for detecting antisperm antibodies
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SpermMar test for detecting antisperm antibodies

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The SpermMar test is a test that is performed on a regular basis at Andrology labs for detecting the presence of antisperm antibodies in the semen.
It works by mixing latex particles to specific antibodies that are linked to sperm cells. When the result is a positive one, the sperms appear agglutinated with the latex particles. If there were no antisperm antibodies, the particles would remain isolated in the semen, and no agglutination would be observed.
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