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Spanish Town buy Heroin

The most consumed illegal drug in Spain is cannabis or, more precisely, cannabis resin. The percentage of people who have used cannabis at least once has now decreased to The percentage of cannabis consumers has almost doubled since The second most popular illegal drug is cocaine with This has increased from , when the figure was 3. Spain is also the main entry point for cocaine in Europe. But authorities are also on high alert regarding legal drugs. The most-recent national study points to a significant increase in the use of legal narcotics sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics… and also an increase in the use of amphetamines. The number of frequent consumers has slightly decreased, with 9. Graph in the same study. Concerning cocaine use, 3. Cannabis is the most popular drug among youths with Cocaine is also popular when it comes to young people between the ages of 15 and The average age for people starting to use drugs is 18 for cannabis, and around 20 years old for cocaine, ecstasy, amphetamines. On average, consumption of legal narcotics starts much later, at around the age of 34 and a half. These figures have remained steady over time. In , 2. Figures have started to drop, as 9 percent of under 18s had used cocaine at least once in The percentage of under 18s who have used cannabis at least once has increased from 21 percent in to 33 percent in However, after a peak of The Spanish prevention policy seeks for better coordination between a the media, b schools, healthcare centres and social care centres c the entertainment and leisure industries d security forces. The National Strategy is divided into different objectives, such as reducing the demand for drugs, reducing the supply, improving scientific knowledge, education and international cooperation. Drug consumption is not a crime in Spain, and the Government is proud of it. This model still applies today. Legalising private consumption has created a legal loophole that has allowed a flourishing number of private consumption clubs and associations to spring up. As Spain is a decentralised state, each region has its own policies and its own drug commissioners. Regional governments enforce policies autonomously. Drug-trafficking is considered a crime by the law and is punished quite severely, with possible penalties as high as 20 years in prison. Courts encourage rehabilitation programmes by reducing penalties if the offender agrees to receive treatment. Find more information about drugs in Spain. By Euronews. Share this article Comments. Share this article. You might also like Spanish police intercept 13 tonnes of chemical weapons precursors bound for Russia. Weekend sees significant migrant landings in Canary Islands. Puigdemont back Belgium after evading Spanish police. Spain Europeans and drugs.

History of Heroin

Spanish Town buy Heroin

Activities by an organized crime group involving the illegal entry, transit or residence of migrants for a financial or material benefit. The production, transport, storage and sale of goods that are fraudulently mislabeled or fraudulent imitations of registered brands. The illicit transport, handling and sale of excise consumer goods despite a ban or outside a legal market. Excludes oil and counterfeits. The illicit trade and possession of species covered by CITES convention, and other species protected under national law. The poaching, illicit trade in and possession of species covered by CITES and other species protected by national law. Includes IUU fishing. The illicit extraction, smuggling, mingling, bunkering or mining of natural resources and the illicit trade of such commodities. The production, distribution and sale of heroin. Consumption of the drug is considered in determining the reach of the criminal market. The production, distribution and sale of cocaine and its derivatives. Consumption is considered in determining the reach of the market. The illicit cultivation, distribution and sale of cannabis oil, resin, herb or leaves. Consumption is used to determine the market's reach. The production, distribution and sale of synthetic drugs. Organized crime that results in a monetary loss via financial fraud, embezzlement, misuse of funds, tax evasion and abusive tax avoidance. Clearly defined organized crime groups that usually have a known name, defined leadership, territorial control and identifiable membership. Loose networks of criminal associates engaging in criminal activities who fail to meet the defining characteristics of mafia-style groups. Includes foreign nationals and diaspora groups. The State's role in responding to organized crime and its effectiveness. The degree to which states have put oversight mechanisms in place to ensure against state collusion in illicit activities. A country's supranational structures and processes of interaction, policy making and concrete implementation to respond to organized crime. The degree to which states are able to control their physical and cyber territory and infrastructure against organized criminal activities. Assistance provided to victims of various forms of organized crime, including initiatives such as witness protection programs. Refers to the existence of strategies, measures, resource allocation, programmes and processes that are aimed to inhibit organized crime. Spain plays a major role in transnational human-trafficking markets, operating predominantly as a transit and destination country. Sexual exploitation is the primary form of human trafficking in Spain, with Andalusia being the region where it is most prevalent. Chinese and Spanish networks dominate the sex trafficking market in large urban centres. Labour exploitation is also common, particularly in the hospitality, household, textile, construction, industrial, beauty, elder care, retail and agriculture sectors, as well as among seasonal workers. It has been reported that labour traffickers continue to exploit men and women from Eastern Europe and South and East Asia, particularly Pakistan. Despite the high number of cases detected, particularly after the COVID pandemic, human trafficking is believed to be under-reported. Nevertheless, it remains one of the most pervasive criminal markets in the country. Spain is also a transit and destination country in the transnational human smuggling market. People from sub-Saharan countries, as well as North Africa, are among those being more frequently smuggled across the Mediterranean. While the western Mediterranean route continues to be consistently used and the Canary Islands remain a significant transit point for smuggling flows, routes have started to shift away, largely because of increased law enforcement surveillance of the Strait of Gibraltar. Foreign criminal networks play an important role in the human smuggling industry. However, besides criminal groups operating outside of Spanish borders, there are also migrant smuggling organizations that are settled in Spain and use the structures of drug trafficking networks to smuggle people into the country. Several criminal networks in fact combine human-smuggling activities with drug trafficking and money laundering, and there is a notable crossover between the criminal markets for human smuggling and human trafficking. Historically, extortion and protection racketeering in Spain have been linked to terrorist activities. However, owing to law enforcement efforts, there has been a decline in such activities over the last decade. While some organized crime groups in the country do use extortion as a means to obtain money, it is not typically linked to the control of certain areas or criminal markets. Nevertheless, extensive criminal organizations active in Valencia and Catalonia have engaged in serious extortion rackets. However, the market is not particularly pervasive and criminal networks involved in this activity are usually local and small. They generally acquire non-registered weapons at the French border or assemble separate parts obtained on the deep web. Counterfeit goods represent a significant illicit market in Spain, with criminal organizations focusing on counterfeiting food, lighters, tobacco, clothing, technology, hygiene products, toys and jewellery. Most of the counterfeit goods seized by national authorities were found along the Mediterranean coast, possibly owing to the high number of tourists in that area. While most of the merchandise comes from Asian countries, mainly China, some criminal organizations have been discovered to be producing counterfeit products in small factories within Spain. To a lesser extent, the country is also a transit point for some counterfeit goods. The illicit trade of excise goods is also a significant problem in Spain. Most illegal tobacco comes from neighbouring locations, such as Gibraltar and Andorra, where taxes are lower. Despite crackdowns, criminal organizations continue to smuggle tobacco, using rented vans to transport it to Madrid, where it is sold from food stores. The smuggling of other products, such as alcohol and medicines, is not as extensive as the tobacco trade. Nevertheless, the smuggling of excise goods remains a profitable business owing to low penalties. Much of the illegally harvested timber imported into Europe via Spain comes from South and Central America, as well as from Africa. Valencia, Galicia and Algeciras are the main ports of entry for illegal timber, and international criminal groups that are active in various illicit activities often use timber shipments to hide drugs or other illegally traded goods. Criminal networks see wood trafficking and the illegal trade of protected plant species as a profitable business with low risk. However, the market remains limited in scope and it is believed that there is a certain degree of social acceptance of the illegal flora trade. Wildlife trafficking is a more significant issue in Spain. The country is both a key transit point and source for wildlife products being trafficked into Europe. The trafficking of black-headed turtles, native to North Africa, is a significant concern, with a large number of specimens being transported from Algeria and Morocco through the Strait of Gibraltar. Illegal fishing, including the illicit trade of bluefin tuna, is also prevalent. The demand for eels from China has led to a rise in their illegal capture. Spain is also an illegal entry point into the EU for both eggs and live parrots trafficked from Latin America. Spain also imports sand for construction and beaches, some of which is linked to illegal extraction in and outside Morocco. Spain is a significant destination for the transnational heroin market. Three routes have been identified as relevant for heroin trade, transiting the Netherlands, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Criminal groups from Turkey and Albania control the heroin flows, and distribution is concentrated in large urban centres, such as Madrid and Barcelona. Galicia, where the drug arrives through seaports, has become a logistical centre for heroin, indicating a level of corruption among officials in customs and law enforcement. Cocaine trade is also a serious issue in Spain, and the increasing number of seizures, as well as stronger involvement by foreign actors in major Spanish ports, suggests a growing market in the country. Both domestic and foreign criminal organizations are involved in this trade, including Colombian cartels, Italian mafia groups, Moroccan networks, and Serbian groups using the Balkan route, making the scenario relatively complex. Valencia and Algeciras are the main entry points for the drug, while Sevilla, Catalonia, Galicia and Spanish islands are important distribution points. Criminal groups use various routes, including along the Sahel strip and through Algeria and Libya, and cocaine is brought into Spain via containers or thrown into the sea to be picked up and distributed. Shipments entering Spain from Latin America are still active and Colombian traffickers continue to play a major role as suppliers and distributors within the country. Cocaine is the second most popular drug in Europe and Spain is one of the top countries in the EU with regards to cocaine consumption among young adults. This domestic consumption contributes to the high local demand. Cannabis trade is also a major organized criminal threat in Spain, with marijuana and hashish being the most consumed illicit drugs in the country. Spain is the leading producer of cannabis in Europe and the main entry point for cannabis from North Africa. High profits are generated by local consumption and foreign distribution. The groups involved are usually foreign criminal actors based in France but originating from North Africa. Once the product reaches Spain, these groups divide the cargo for distribution, with the participation of various other foreign actors. The increase in cannabis-related drug seizures over the past few years is a cause for concern. In many cases, local cannabis plantations exacerbate labour exploitation or human trafficking. The synthetic drug trade in Spain is an increasingly worrying problem, mainly targeting young people. The drugs are primarily sourced from the Czech Republic, followed by the Netherlands, Belgium, and Poland, with Madrid being a key distribution point. Locally, small home laboratories produce drugs such as ecstasy MDMA. Although seizures of speed and amphetamines have decreased in recent years, seizures of crystal meth and the synthetic hallucinogen 2C-B Nexus have increased significantly. Currently, the country is experiencing significant problems with synthetic cathinones, rare stimulants similar to ecstasy coming mainly from China. These are difficult to regulate owing to their constantly changing composition and thus can easily evade customs controls and circumvent European and Spanish legislation. Cybercrime is on the rise in Spain, with malware being the most common type of attack. Critical infrastructure is often targeted, the most affected being the energy sector, tax and financial systems, transport, and information and communications technology ICT. The COVID pandemic also provided novel opportunities for illicit cyber activity, with public services and national public administration falling victim to cyber-attacks. Experts suggest that cybercrime is becoming more professional, with perpetrators making use of automated attacks and expanding their activities using new technology. There is also evidence of criminal organizations gaining profit through cryptocurrency fraud and theft. Financial fraud has become a key organized crime activity in Spain and online fraud now accounts for a significant portion of all reported crimes. Over the past few months, authorities have dismantled several criminal networks involved in financial crimes. Criminal organizations use identity theft to carry out large-scale credit card fraud, and Ponzi schemes lure in minors with promises of access to easy money through fake trading programmes. The criminal ecosystem in Spain is dominated by foreign criminal groups, mainly of Italian, Albanian, Russian, Nigerian, Serbian, Turkish, Mexican and Dutch origin, all of which have a sustained presence in the country. Cities such as Madrid, Barcelona and Marbella are hotspots for these organizations. They operate various illicit activities and frequently span multiple generations. These groups are generally identified as foreign mafia-style organizations and tend to be very specialized, focusing on specific markets and even specific functions in the supply chain of these markets and geographical areas. For example, Italian and Colombian mafia-style groups control a substantial part of the cocaine trade; Turkish and Balkan groups control the heroin market; Romanian, Chinese and Nigerian organizations control human trafficking; and Moroccan and French—Algerian groups exercise heavy influence over the cannabis market. There is no single powerful organization, but rather than becoming a mafia-style war zone, Spain is an organized crime laboratory where gangs exchange experience and develop new methods for their illicit activities. Criminal organizations in Spain are interdependent specialized groups that provide services to each other, requiring cooperation for successful illicit trade. Mafia-style groups of domestic origin are generally less influential than their foreign counterparts, but they continue actively to operate in the country. These family clans resemble traditional mafia groups in size and structure, but have slightly different internal structures, permanence, and criminal methods. They are primarily involved in drug trafficking and money laundering, often collaborating with Italian mafia groups. In addition to mafia-style groups, Spain is also home to a vast number of smaller, more decentralized, criminal networks, most of which are involved in drug trafficking, human trafficking, arms trafficking, fraud, and money laundering. The majority of these groups engage in low-level violence and are concentrated in large cities, such as Madrid and Barcelona, as well as popular tourist areas such as Malaga, Alicante, Valencia, and the Balearic and Canary Islands. The proliferation of youth gangs that engage in violent robberies, theft and street wars is also a cause for concern. These gangs are mostly made up of local youths, and a large number of members are younger than 14 years old. Although cooperation between private actors and criminal organizations is not widespread, it does occur. Criminals involved in drug trafficking take advantage of legitimate import and export activities, although it is unclear to what extent private actors are aware of and consent to these practices. In some recent cases where national authorities have dismantled criminal organizations involved in activities such as financial fraud, property theft and money laundering, private sector actors, including lawyers, agencies, and financial entity directors, were found to be part of the criminal network. Evidence also suggests that some businesses have been involved in the illicit trade of excise goods, counterfeit products, and the illegal sale of counterfeit clothing. The presence of international mafia-style groups and drug trafficking networks in the south of Spain has also led to an increase in corruption among state actors, especially low-level local officials. While law enforcement and security forces have control mechanisms to prevent illicit activities, officials in charge of customs often facilitate the criminal activities of organized groups. Judges and politicians are also involved in granting protection, allowing illegal activities to consolidate in certain regions. Spain is currently facing a complex political situation, with tensions rising between the political class and civil society. Although these debates may sometimes have overshadowed more systematic and comprehensive discussions on criminality in Parliament, the government has a strong position and clear national strategies against crime and has achieved various operational results in recent years. Moreover, Spain has recently shown political will to combat all types of cybercrime, and the government recently approved a new plan to strengthen the fight against crimes happening in cyberspace. Nevertheless, the polarization between citizens and political parties may worsen if there is no clear improvement in the economic and political climate, which would lead to an increase in public dissatisfaction towards the current political situation. Spain has distinct regional bodies dedicated to anti-corruption and transparency mechanisms. However, the country continues to be among those with the largest economic impact stemming from corruption in the EU. Despite the existence of the Transparency Act, activists have called for improvements to the law and mechanisms to enable more access to judicial and parliamentary documents. Party financing is also a significant concern with regards to official corruption. Nonetheless, levels of corruption in Spain are generally considered moderate and, while the government could improve on its transparency, its institutional and legal anti-corruption framework is largely capable of combating corruption and ensuring convictions. Spain is committed to international cooperation in the fight against organized crime and has signed various international treaties to comply with international standards. The country has also cooperated with foreign authorities in multiple operations combating organized crime, including Italian mafia group activity in Spain, cybercrime, counterfeit products, and tobacco smuggling. A strategic plan to inhibit the lucrative nature of criminal activities through an improved tracing and seizing system has been drafted and the government has reinforced the capacity of the Asset Recovery and Management Office to combat money laundering. Despite complying with national legal frameworks, regulations do not always work in practice. In some cases, justice is delayed and victims are re-victimized, while security and justice operators face bureaucratic obligations that impede them from achieving their goals efficiently and effectively. The Spanish judicial system is effective in prosecuting individual actors who commit certain organized crime offences, such as drug mules and small-scale thieves. However, it faces challenges when investigating larger mafia-style groups or organized criminal networks, owing to concerns over police and judicial corruption linked to organized crime. Although Spanish prisons meet most international standards, prison conditions are not always adequate, and healthcare standards inside some detention facilities have been found to be lacking. The Spanish police force is effective and, despite having a wide range of specialized units dedicated to issues of organized crime, cooperation is one of its strongest points. However, challenges within the police force remain, such as the lack of preparedness to control mafia groups and protect the victims of related crimes. These factors make it challenging to control and regulate incoming flows, despite surveillance efforts by police and paramilitary forces. In fact, record numbers of drugs continue to be trafficked into the country. Spain has been identified as a hub for money laundering. Illegally obtained capital from drug trafficking is channelled into properties such as shopping centres, hotels, restaurants, and apartments. The country has taken measures to counter this, including passing legislation and establishing a commission to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing. Despite these efforts, organized crime groups continue to use legal companies in certain sectors to launder money. Authorities still face challenges when attempting to confiscate property and economic assets, and effective mechanisms to follow money trails related to organized crime are yet to be consolidated. Banking secrecy prevails over the obligation to report possible criminal acts, and investigations involving accounts situated in tax havens outside Spain are difficult to pursue. Spain has an established economic regulatory framework to ensure that legitimate businesses operate free from criminal activity. However, small companies face difficulties in accessing credit and corruption in public procurement and money laundering cases, particularly in the housing sector, indicate that current mechanisms are not always effective. While organized crime is not yet a significant impediment to conducting business in Spain, cooperative alliances between criminal groups and legal companies occur. The legal framework protects property rights, and the registration system functions efficiently. Within this system, women victims of human trafficking still face challenges, as they are required to cooperate in the investigation and testify against their captors. Nevertheless, the government has a robust framework providing support to victims of modern slavery seeking to exit it. Government-funded NGOs, in particular, assist potential victims by providing workforce re-entry training, legal assistance, shelter, and asylum and residence permit application assistance. Spain is in the early stages of developing new crime prevention strategies, and police units are implementing predictive policing programmes, including some prevention campaigns with the private sector regarding fraud prevention. The national strategy against organized crime prioritizes intelligence gathering for the prevention and anticipation of threats. The prevention approach in Spain has focused on increasing penalties for crimes, increasing the number of police officers, and improving the institutional and legal framework to prevent and combat corruption. The government has also taken measures to prevent human trafficking, including raising awareness through social media, distributing anti-trafficking awareness brochures, and supplying a telephonic hotline and email address for reporting suspected cases. Non-state actors in Spain play a vital role in combating organized crime, particularly human trafficking, where the state lacks adequate measures. These actors include anti-corruption associations, whistle-blowers, and civil society organizations. While the media in Spain reports on organized crime without fear of retaliation, there have been cases where journalists have faced harassment and physical assault by protesters and the police while covering demonstrations. Although civil society organizations in Spain faced challenges during the pandemic, including cuts in funding from several public authorities, the Spanish government continues to guarantee media freedom, and NGOs operate without significant restrictions. Reforms to the controversial public safety law, which establishes large fines for offences that include spreading images that could endanger police officers or protected facilities, were recently proposed, but tangible results are yet to be seen. The criminal markets score is represented by the pyramid base size and the criminal actors score is represented by the pyramid height, on a scale ranging from 1 to The resilience score is represented by the panel height, which can be identified by the side of the panel. A series of 13 discussion papers, one for each illicit market considered during the development of the Index. We're constantly working to improve the Index. By participating in this survey, you will be providing us with insights and suggestions that will help us make the Index an even better resource. This report was funded in part by a grant from the United States Department of State. The opinions, findings and conclusions stated herein are those of the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime and do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Department of State. Capital Madrid. Income group High income. Population 47,, Geography type Coastal. GINI Index Criminal markets 5. An assessment of the value, prevalence and non-monetary impacts of a specific crime type. Human trafficking 7. Human smuggling 7. Extortion and protection racketeering 4. Arms trafficking 4. Trade in counterfeit goods 6. Illicit trade in excisable goods 6. Flora crimes 3. Fauna crimes 5. Non-renewable resource crimes 2. Heroin trade 6. Cocaine trade 7. Cannabis trade 7. Synthetic drug trade 5. Cyber-dependent crimes 6. Financial crimes 7. Criminal actors 6. An assessment of the impact and influence of a specific criminal actor type on society. Mafia-style groups 6. Criminal networks 7. State-embedded actors 5. Foreign actors 7. Private sector actors 5. Political leadership and governance 6. Government transparency and accountability 6. International cooperation 8. National policies and laws 8. A state's legal action and structures put in place to respond to organized crime. Judicial system and detention 7. Law enforcement 8. Territorial integrity 5. Anti-money laundering 6. Economic regulatory capacity 6. Victim and witness support 6. Prevention 5. Non-state actors 7. Analysis Download full profile english spanish. People Spain plays a major role in transnational human-trafficking markets, operating predominantly as a transit and destination country. Drugs Spain is a significant destination for the transnational heroin market. Cyber Crimes Cybercrime is on the rise in Spain, with malware being the most common type of attack. Financial Crimes Financial fraud has become a key organized crime activity in Spain and online fraud now accounts for a significant portion of all reported crimes. Criminal Actors The criminal ecosystem in Spain is dominated by foreign criminal groups, mainly of Italian, Albanian, Russian, Nigerian, Serbian, Turkish, Mexican and Dutch origin, all of which have a sustained presence in the country. Leadership and governance Spain is currently facing a complex political situation, with tensions rising between the political class and civil society. Criminal justice and security The Spanish judicial system is effective in prosecuting individual actors who commit certain organized crime offences, such as drug mules and small-scale thieves. Economic and financial environment Spain has been identified as a hub for money laundering. Read the analysis Listen the podcasts View all events. Next Skip. How to measure organized crime? Read more on globalinitiative. Give us feedback We're constantly working to improve the Index.

Spanish Town buy Heroin