Small Teenagers Sex

Small Teenagers Sex
SOURCES: Halpern-Felsher, B.L. Pediatrics , April 2005; vol 115: pp 845-851. Remez, L. Family Planning Perspectives, November/December 2000; vol 32: pp 298-304. Bonnie L. Halpern-Felsher, PhD, associate professor of pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco. David Landry, senior research associate, Alan Guttmacher Institute, New York.
14-Year-Olds May See Oral Sex as Abstinence
April 4, 2005 -- Nearly a third of 14-year-olds plan oral sex within six months -- and nearly 20% say they've already tried oral sex, a California survey shows.
The survey is not a national sample. The data, while carefully collected, comes from 580 ninth-grade boys and girls at two California schools. But the numbers are in line with -- and even a bit lower than -- larger studies of American teens' sexual behavior.
The young teens say oral sex is a safer, more acceptable alternative to vaginal sex. That's true, says researcher Bonnie L. Halpern-Felsher, PhD, of the University of California, San Francisco. Oral sex, by itself, carries no risk of unwanted pregnancy. And some sexually transmitted diseases, sexually transmitted diseases , such as AIDS, are harder to get from oral sex than from vaginal sex.
But Halpern-Felsher says the survey shows that many teens don't fully appreciate the very real risks of engaging in oral sex.
"Yes, risks are less likely to occur with oral sex. The question is, do you think at age 14 you are really ready for this?" Halpern-Felsher tells WebMD. "You are still having intimacy with another person, and there still are possible physical and emotional risks. My concern is the feeling that oral sex is no big deal. It very well might be a big deal."
Halpern-Felsher's study -- published in the April issue of Pediatrics -- provides sorely needed data, says youth sexual behavior expert David Landry, senior research associate at the Alan Guttmacher Institute, a nonprofit organization focused on sexual and reproductive health research, policy analysis, and public education.
"There has been a dearth of information about adolescent oral sex in U.S. survey research," Landry tells WebMD. "A lot of the media reports I've seen about teen oral sex are rather alarmist. But it has been going on for a long time. It is nothing new, as data from 1988 and 1995 show. If anything, this latest research shows an incidence lower than we've seen before. But this is not a national sample."
Halpern-Felsher notes that her study is the first to gather information from teens as young as 14. The kids enrolled in her ongoing study -- with the full consent of their parents - and filled out surveys every six months. The survey questions become more detailed and cover more sexual topics as the children get older.
"We are finding that these ninth-graders -- and they are really young -- are engaging in thinking about these things," Halpern-Felsher says.
And what these young teens are thinking may surprise their parents.
"Young adolescents are perceiving that oral sex is less risky than vaginal sex in terms of health risks -- STDs, pregnancy, and HIV," Halpern-Felsher says. "They also see oral sex as having fewer social and emotional risks. They think they are less likely to feely guilty, to get in trouble, to have a bad reputation, or to have a relationship problem. They also felt oral sex is more acceptable. They think more teens are having it, and that it is OK in the context of both a dating and nondating relationship -- a one-night stand in our terms."
One finding that worries Halpern-Felsher is that a small but significant proportion of teens think oral sex carries zero physical risk. Fourteen percent of teens said there was zero risk of getting HIV from oral sex, and 13% said the behavior carried zero risk of transmitting chlamydia . Only 1% and 2%, respectively, thought vaginal sex carried zero risk of HIV or chlamydia infection.
Experts say there is no doubt that oral sex can transmit virtually any sexually transmitted disease - including HIV including HIV and chlamydia. The risk of getting most of these infections from oral sex is lower than the risk of getting them from vaginal sex. But the exact risks of oral sex are largely unknown, Landry says.
"I would say it is encouraging that most adolescents are aware there is a risk of STDs from engaging in oral sex," he says. "This research clearly indicates that most youth also are aware that oral sex is less risky than sexual intercourse. But it is important for them to know that our scientific understanding of risk of STDs from oral sex isn't very well defined. We simply know there is a risk. How much risk we don't reliably know at this time."
This does NOT mean that unprotected oral sex is safe sex . Safe oral sex means using barrier protection --- condoms or dental dams -- to prevent infection. If abstinence is the only safe sex method a person uses, then abstinence must include oral sex as well as vaginal sex.
"This has to be a consistent message: When people engage in oral sex they should use a barrier method," Landry says. "Unfortunately, in the U.S., fewer and fewer teachers are talking about how condoms can be used to prevent STDs or even pregnancy -- let alone how condoms can be used in the context of oral sex."
Most adults see oral sex as sex. Teens don't.
"It is not considered real sex to teens," Halpern-Felsher says. "They think they are still virgins if they had oral sex compared to vaginal sex. Oral sex is something else. For teens it is not under the rubric of sex as we know it today."
This has important implications for every kind of sex education.
"It is so incredibly important that when people are working with teens they must not just say, 'When you are having sex,' because that won't cover oral sex," Halpern-Felsher says. "We really need to break the barriers and start talking about all the things we consider to be sexual experiences."
Since oral sex is already prevalent at age 14, these conversations have to take place before a child reaches puberty.
"There is no data on exactly how young you should start -- maybe at age 10 or 11, but we have no evidence," Halpern-Felsher says. "But regardless of the child's age, don't hide from the conversation. We do know that parents who have complete conversations with their children about sex have kids who make wiser decisions about these issues."
Halpern-Felsher and Landry say the "big talk" isn't as effective as more frequent, more casual conversations. There are many opportunities for such discussions.
"Instead of just one big talk, you absolutely need ongoing conversations," Halpern-Felsher says. "There are many teachable moments when we parents can discuss issues of sexuality with our children, especially as our culture is awash with sexuality. It is important to seize those moments rather than to let them pass by. It is important to be open and honest and have clear consistent messages with youth. The frequency and openness of conversations is important. It has effects both on delaying sex and on using protection when sex occurs."
These conversations aren't all teens need.
"The bottom line is that youth need accurate information to make responsible decisions about sexual activity -- and that includes all forms of sex they might engage in," Landry says. "Unfortunately, in the U.S. we have been pulling back in school-based education to provide that info. Fewer students get information on how to protect themselves."
Here's how to avoid the most common mistakes.
What do you know about locking lips?
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April 26, 2013 / 1:01 PM
/ CBS News

Watching porn may influence sexual behavior in young people, but not as much as some doctors and parents might have thought.
Researchers in the Netherlands determined that teens who use pornography are not significantly more likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors. However, they did find the amount of pornography young people watched was a significant contributor to differences in teen's sexual behaviors, but one of many factors that could influence their sex lives.
The study was published this week in the Journal of Sexual Medicine.
"Pornography is not as big and bad a wolf as we thought it was, and maybe we should focus on other factors," study author Gert Martin Hald, a clinical psychologist at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark, told HealthDay .
For the study, researchers looked at 4,600 teens between the age of 15 and 25 who lived in the Netherlands. They were asked through a 2010 online survey questions about their ethnicity, relationship status, the amount and type of pornography they viewed, and about their attitudes on sex and history of sexual experiences. Specifically, the subjects were asked to report and potentially risky behaviors, including how many sexual partners they had, whether they had experiences with the same sex and whether they had paid for sex. The survey was conducted online to make subjects feel more comfortable, so they were more likely to answer questions truthfully.
Researchers determined that consumption of sexually-explicit materials by young people only accounted for between 0.3 percent to 4 percent of variances among the teen's self-reported sexual behavior. They did point out that porn may in part open young minds to other sexual possibilities or increase sexual arousal, which could lead to more sexual experiences and increases in risk.
Other factors may be more influential on a teen's sexual behavior, the researchers found. For example, the surveys suggested some subjects had a "sensation-seeking" personality, which may make them more inclined to experiment sexually. Previous studies have reported people with sensation-seeking personalities may be more likely to have sexually transmitted infections, the researchers noted. Sexual assertiveness and self-esteem also played small roles in affecting teen sexual behavior. Other influential factors may include a subject's upbringing and genetics.
"There has been a sort of moral panic - sometimes in Britain and in the U.S. especially - about the influence of pornography on sexual behaviors," Hald told the Globe and Mail . "And although this study can't claim to investigate cause and effect, it can still say that there are a lot of other factors that determine sexual behaviors, so maybe we should put the debate into a larger perspective instead of being just one-sided."
Susan Tortolero, an associate professor of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences at The University of Texas in Houston, told Medpage Today that the study had some flaws, including potential bias because people most likely to answer an online survey about sex may be more likely to try a variety of sexual behaviors. However, she believed that the study did show other factors besides watching porn may shape a teen's sexual prowess.
"So it really confirms that it's not one thing, it's not just exposure to pornography or sexually explicit materials," Tortolero, who was not involved in the study, said. "It really is the entire environment that young people live in."
Hald pointed out that this study shows that parents should temper their reactions if they discover their child watches porn.
"They shouldn't worry as much ... if their child uses pornography, at least from a scientific point of view. It's not the Third World War, so to speak," he stated to Globe and Mail.
Michelle Castillo is an associate editor for CBSNews.com.

First published on April 26, 2013 / 1:01 PM

© 2013 CBS Interactive Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Copyright ©2022 CBS Interactive Inc. All rights reserved.

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Adolescent sexuality .

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