Sexual Fedish
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Sexual Fedish
Medically Reviewed by Brunilda Nazario, MD on January 27, 2015
While you might like the sight of your partner in a pair of high heels during sex, that doesn’t necessarily mean you have a shoe fetish.
A fetish is sexual excitement in response to an object or body part that’s not typically sexual, such as shoes or feet. They’re more common in men.
Many people with fetishes must have the object of their attraction at hand or be fantasizing about it, alone or with a partner, in order to become sexually aroused, get an erection, and have an orgasm .
A person with a fetish might masturbate while they hold, smell, rub, or taste the object. Or they might ask their partner to wear it or use it during sex.
People can “fetishize” almost anything.
There are many web sites about lots of fetish interests, says Richard Krueger, MD, an associate clinical professor of psychiatry at Columbia University. “Anything you could imagine.”
According to a study, the most common fetishes involve body parts, such as feet, or body features, such as obesity, piercings, or tattoos. The feet are by far the most common. Body fluid, body size, and hair fetishes aren’t far behind.
After body parts comes things you wear. The same study put clothes worn on the hips and legs, such as stockings and skirts, at the top of the list. Footwear, then underwear, ranked closely behind.
Fetishes that involve the feel of a certain material, often leather or rubber, are also common. Some people like dressing themselves and their partner in furry animal costumes.
Sexual behavior experts don't agree on the causes. Some people can trace their attraction back to early childhood, before they were aware of their sexuality.
A fetish can also come from seeing inappropriate sexual behavior during childhood or from sexual abuse, says Kenneth Rosenberg, MD. He's a psychiatry professor at Weill Cornell Medical College.
A sexual fetish is not a disorder by definition, but it can reach that level if it causes intense, lasting distress.
“Whether somebody is doing this by themselves or with a partner, if they’re happy with it, then it’s not an issue," Krueger says, as long as it causes pleasure and no one is being forced to take part.
“My patients come to me because they feel it’s a problem,” Rosenberg says. “Their behaviors are not interesting, fun, or even sexy. They are not simply experimenting with novel means of sexual expression. They are desperate, compulsive, and sometimes so distressed by their behaviors that suicide is a consideration.”
When it's a disorder, it feels out of control. Someone might disappear from work or home to practice their fetish in secret. This fascination could also keep them from doing their job.
“A physician could have a foot fetish, for example, and spend a large amount of time and attention on his patients’ feet,” Krueger says.
People with these disorders might also steal to get the object of their desire. Often, they can’t have meaningful sexual relationships with other people. They might prefer to have time alone with their object, even when they're in a relationship with another person.
“If your partner said, ‘Wear a pair of sexy shoes tonight,' you’d probably say, ‘Why not?’ But if your partner said, ‘You can sleep in the other room, just leave me your shoes,’ that would be a problem,” Rosenberg says.
Standard treatment includes medication and talk therapy with a psychiatrist or counselor.
Still, some fetishes can be harmless. A recent study on “adult baby/diaper lovers” found that among nearly 1,800 men and 140 women who report having this fetish, most said they were "comfortable" with their fetish and that it wasn't a problem.
The same can be said of people who enjoy bondage, discipline or domination, sadism, and masochism, commonly known as “BDSM,” Rosenberg says. As long as everyone agrees, then chances are “no one’s getting hurt in a way that is extreme or permanent, and everyone’s happy with what’s happening.”
Scorolli, C. International Journal of Impotence Research , published online Feb. 15, 2007.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5 th ed. (DSM-5). American Psychiatric Association, 2013.
Hawkinson, K. Archives of Sexual Behavior , published online Jan. 29, 2014.
Richard Krueger, MD, associate clinical professor, Columbia University, N.Y.
Kenneth Rosenberg, MD, clinical associate professor, Weill Cornell Medical College, N.Y.
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sexual arousal a person receives from an object or situation
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Sexual fetishism or erotic fetishism is a sexual fixation on a nonliving object or nongenital body part. [1] The object of interest is called the fetish ; the person who has a fetish for that object is a fetishist . [2] A sexual fetish may be regarded as a non-pathological aid to sexual excitement, or as a mental disorder if it causes significant psychosocial distress for the person or has detrimental effects on important areas of their life. [1] [3] Sexual arousal from a particular body part can be further classified as partialism . [4]
While medical definitions restrict the term sexual fetishism to objects or body parts, [1] fetish can, in common discourse, also refer to sexual interest in specific activities. [5]
In common parlance, the word fetish is used to refer to any sexually arousing stimuli, not all of which meet the medical criteria for fetishism. [5] This broader usage of fetish covers parts or features of the body (including obesity and body modifications), objects, situations and activities (such as smoking or BDSM ). [5] Paraphilias such as urophilia , necrophilia and coprophilia have been described as fetishes. [6]
Originally, most medical sources defined fetishism as a sexual interest in non-living objects, body parts or secretions. The publication of the DSM-III in 1980 changed that by excluding arousal from body parts in its diagnostic criteria for fetishism. In 1987, a revised edition of the DSM-III ( DSM-III-R ) introduced a new diagnosis for body part arousal, called partialism . The DSM-IV retained this distinction. [6] Martin Kafka argued that partialism should be merged into fetishism because of overlap between the two conditions, [6] and the DSM-5 subsequently did so in 2013. [1] The ICD-10 definition (World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases) is still limited to non-living objects. [3]
In a review of 48 cases of clinical fetishism in 1983, fetishes included clothing (58.3%), rubber and rubber items (22.9%), footwear (14.6%), body parts (14.6%), leather (10.4%), and soft materials or fabrics (6.3%). [7]
A 2007 study counted members of Internet discussion groups with the word fetish in their name. Of the groups about body parts or features, 47% belonged to groups about feet ( podophilia ), 9% about body fluids (including urophilia , scatophilia , lactaphilia , menophilia , mucophilia ), 9% about body size, 7% about hair ( hair fetish ), and 5% about muscles ( muscle worship ). Less popular groups focused on navels ( navel fetishism ), legs, body hair, mouth, and nails, among other things. Of the groups about clothing, 33% belonged to groups about clothes worn on the legs or buttocks (such as stockings or skirts), 32% about footwear ( shoe fetishism ), 12% about underwear ( underwear fetishism ), and 9% about whole-body wear such as jackets. Less popular object groups focused on headwear, stethoscopes, wristwear, pacifiers, and diapers ( diaper fetishism ). [5]
Erotic asphyxiation is the use of choking to increase the pleasure in sex. The fetish also includes an individualized part that involves choking oneself during the act of masturbation, which is known as auto-erotic asphyxiation. This usually involves a person being connected and strangled by a homemade device that is tight enough to give them pleasure but not tight enough to suffocate them to death. This is dangerous due to the issue of hyperactive pleasure seeking which can result in strangulation when there is no one to help if the device gets too tight and strangles the user. [8]
Devotism involves being attracted to body modifications on another person that are the result of amputation. Devotism is only a sexual fetish when the person who has the fetish considers the amputated body part on another person the object of sexual interest. [9]
Fetishism usually becomes evident during puberty, and may develop prior to that. [1] No single cause for fetishism has been conclusively established. [10]
Some explanations invoke classical conditioning . In several experiments, men have been conditioned to show arousal to stimuli like boots, geometric shapes or penny jars by pairing these cues with conventional erotica. [11] According to John Bancroft , conditioning alone cannot explain fetishism, because it does not result in fetishism for most people. He suggests that conditioning combines with some other factor, such as an abnormality in the sexual learning process. [10]
Theories of sexual imprinting propose that humans learn to recognize sexually desirable features and activities during childhood. Fetishism could result when a child is imprinted with an overly narrow or incorrect concept of a sex object. [12] Imprinting seems to occur during the child's earliest experiences with arousal and desire, and is based on "an egocentric evaluation of salient reward- or pleasure-related characteristics that differ from one individual to another." [13]
Neurological differences may play a role in some cases. Vilayanur S. Ramachandran observed that the region processing sensory input from the feet lies immediately next to the region processing genital stimulation, and suggested an accidental link between these regions could explain the prevalence of foot fetishism . [14] In one unusual case, an anterior temporal lobectomy relieved an epileptic man's fetish for safety pins. [15] [16]
Various explanations have been put forth for the rarity of female fetishists. Most fetishes are visual in nature, and males are thought to be more sexually sensitive to visual stimuli. [17] Roy Baumeister suggests that male sexuality is unchangeable, except for a brief period in childhood during which fetishism could become established, while female sexuality is fluid throughout life. [18]
The ICD-10 defines fetishism as a reliance on non-living objects for sexual arousal and satisfaction. It is only considered a disorder when fetishistic activiti
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