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Portugal has seized records amount of cocaine from South America in recent months, underscoring how the country is regaining its place as a significant drug entry point and transit hub. Most recently, on August 8, Portuguese police seized over 1. The result is that looks set to be a record-setting year for Portuguese cocaine seizures. To date, no academic research has focused on the actions of transnational criminal groups in Portugal. But the better we understand this reality, the more effective we can be at countering such groups. IC: How important is Portugal as a transit hub in the European cocaine pipeline? SF : Portugal has always been a point of reference in the transatlantic cocaine trade. The country lies along some of the traditional transit routes: the northern route, the central route, and the West African coast route. The first two pass alongside the two Portuguese archipelagos in the Atlantic Ocean, where many vessels make a stop — the Azores and Madeira. The third route runs along the West African Coast and includes countries with which Portugal has historical affinities, such as Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau. Looking at the quantities seized, we can identify periods of high seizures and periods in which they decrease significantly. I think this is due to several factors. Firstly, the activity of specific criminal groups, such as Galician clans in Spain. Secondly, the constant diversification of routes: in recent years, drug trafficking routes have tended to get closer to consumer markets. And thirdly, the law enforcement strategies adopted by Portuguese authorities. Since , Portugal seems to have taken on a more central role in the cocaine pipeline to Europe. This can be seen from the larger quantities that have been seized and from the involvement of important international criminal groups in drug trafficking through the country. From to , Portugal was either in fifth or sixth place in Europe in terms of cocaine seizures. And That is an increase of over 20 percent from the total amount seized in SF : Brazil has been the leading country of origin for cocaine seized in Portugal for at least a decade. In addition to those two, seizures have been common on vessels from Venezuela , the Dominican Republic , Costa Rica , Ecuador , and Paraguay , as well as the Caribbean. These places of provenance have remained relatively stable in recent years. What has changed in the last decade is the large decline in seizures of cocaine from West Africa, particularly Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau. IC: What about personnel? Which Latin American nationalities are most active within the Portuguese cocaine trade? SF : In the last decade, the role of Brazilians in cocaine trafficking in Portugal has grown substantially. Since , they have represented the second nationality with the highest number of detainees for cocaine trafficking, right after Portuguese citizens. He lived in Lisbon for two years and was the head of a global trafficking network. In addition, Spanish citizens have often been detected, as well as Dutch, Albanians , Colombians, and Venezuelans in smaller numbers. Generally, these individuals do not have major personal connections to Portugal, they have logistical support bases in the country and use it only to traffic drugs. Portuguese traffickers mostly confine themselves to providing for domestic supply through the direct purchase of cocaine in Latin America, Africa, or other European countries such as Spain. They are rarely part of large-scale cocaine operations. When they are, they typically act as low or mid-level operators rather than leaders. Do they have any visible links to Portugal? In recent months, specific media reports have alleged that certain individuals are part of the gang, but their connection to the PCC has not been proven. One such case, from April , involved the seizure of two tons of cocaine and the arrest of three Brazilians. Another case concerned Nelma Kodama , a Brazilian black-market currency trader, who was arrested last April. Is that also the case in Portugal? SF : Roughly 80 percent of the cocaine seized here comes by sea. In recent years, the use of fishing boats has declined. Hiding cocaine in containers of fruit is advantageous as it allows for a regular supply. It can also be facilitated by corrupt infrastructure employees who work with the traffickers. That said, around 3. And in , Portugal seized around 5. IC: What about yachts leaving cocaine floating in the ocean for onward pick-up. Does that still happen? SF : Direct entry into ports is much more common, likely due to increased patrolling. However, Portuguese and Spanish authorities recently carried out a police action against shipyards that were producing speedboats to collect hashish and cocaine around the Iberian Peninsula. In the first six months of this year, authorities have frequently seized smaller quantities of drugs, between 20 and 50 kilograms, sent by air cargo. IC: And approximately how much of that cocaine is destined for the domestic market compared to onward transit? SF : Only a tiny fraction of the cocaine seized in Portugal is destined for the domestic market. National cocaine consumption is small and of little interest to international groups, especially compared to other European markets in which both the volumes consumed and prices paid are substantially higher. SF : Portuguese authorities have tried hard to crack down on cocaine and have performed well. Authorities can improve on information sharing and cooperation. In most cases, organized crime is transnational, which means fighting it must also be transnational. Subscribe to our newsletter to receive a weekly digest of the latest organized crime news and stay up-to-date on major events, trends, and criminal dynamics from across the region. Donate today to empower research and analysis about organized crime in Latin America and the Caribbean, from the ground up. Skip to content. IC: What the main countries from which cocaine arrives in Portugal? IC: Any closing thoughts? Stay Informed With InSight Crime Subscribe to our newsletter to receive a weekly digest of the latest organized crime news and stay up-to-date on major events, trends, and criminal dynamics from across the region.

Summer comes to Setúbal

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It was here for a few weeks on the heels of winter, then last week, mid-summer barged in, blowing her hot air and sunshine all over the place. How rude. Although not a Mediterranean country, contrary to geographically-challenged claims, when the heat hits, we in Portugal behave like the people in southern-most countries—we hibernate during the hottest parts of the day. Middle-of-the-day breaks are best for napping, snacking, writing, listening to podcasts, and reading. Traditionally, Portuguese buildings are constructed to keep the heat out and the cool, as it is, in. In my new place…hold on, let me measure…some of the walls are nearly two feet thick! To state the obvious: residential construction methods in Portugal are vastly different from how houses are built in the U. Energy poverty is a problem; areas with fewer resources, older, run-down buildings, and an aging population are subject to the worst disparities. Heat waves and cold snaps can be deadly , especially for seniors. Although I sacrifice some natural light in my new apartment compared to the previous one, the benefits of my new abode otherwise make it worth it ask me in February. Some people use portable air conditioners, and some have split unit systems installed heat pumps. These units, mounted above interior doorways, are relatively small and generally energy-efficient. To discover what my little house feels like before making big financial expenditures and even bigger holes in my walls seems prudent. Clearly, these global crises are not terrifying enough to mobilize most governments and populations to make the mandatory changes we need to make—now. I realize there are people with compromised health and other issues that make air conditioning essential and we are all pending members of this group. Air conditioning technology is the great missed opportunity in the fight against climate change : Soaring AC demand will threaten our power grids and accelerate global warming — unless we begin making significant changes soon. Now, two years after that article was published, the imperative to make changes is upon us—and we are out of procrastination time. Over the past few years decades? Some of us are just surviving as we find our way through the haze of modern life with wars or would-be wars on our doorstep, climate catastrophe, new viruses, and the reign of megalomaniac narcissistic authoritarians. Checking out can be survival—or it can be just lazy disengagement. Would you be willing to question your daily habits and beliefs around what you think you need to function or be happy? On closer examination, are there some patterns you would change—or would you keep everything as is? How cool would that be?! Leave your feedback in the comments section below. SO, What do vanlife, the romanticized, faux-agrarian, overwhelmingly white cottagecore trend feudalism and barely-subsistence farming was fun! In ribbed sweating solid wood, a style of its own and infinitely practical Your generosity, in part, affords me time to write this letter to you each week ish. Almost scary but then I remembered- dah, Twins! Share this post. Copy link. Thanks for reading life: examined! Subscribe to receive new posts and support my work. Previous Next. Discussion about this post Comments. Andrew Ditton. Expand full comment. Roland Millward. We can all do our bit to save energy. Ready for more? Start Writing Get the app. Substack is the home for great culture. This site requires JavaScript to run correctly. Please turn on JavaScript or unblock scripts. Expand full comment Reply Share.

Setubal buying blow