Senegal buying hash

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Senegal buying hash

As an independent publication, we rely on contributions from readers like you to fund our journalism. Yamba: Cannabis in West Africa. Senegal, West Africa is known for its rich culture, beautiful beaches, stretched deserts, and welcoming locals. Located at the western-most point of the continent, Senegal is adorned with a multitude of terrains. All forms of cannabis are illegal in Senegal and there are strict laws and heavy police enforcement for usage of the substance. Casamance is located in the southern region of Senegal, in between the Gambia and Guinea-Bissau. Its climate is more sub-tropical than the other regions of the country, resulting in more rainfall and lush greenery. Miles of rice paddy fields and palm trees line the outer portion of the city while swamps, forests, and mangroves line the inner. The majority of Senegal speaks and follows the language and customs of Wolof, but Casamance is different. It is a Diola or Jola country with languages and a culture far from the Wolof. While many other Senegalese societies, like the Wolof, are hierarchical, the Diola society is egalitarian. They have no known history of slavery, no historical practice of Islam, and every villager takes to the type of employment they want or need. All of these characteristics of Casamance help explain how they create their own rules with regards to business and commerce. Going against the vigorous laws of the country and practicing their own means of employment, and this village relies completely on the cultivation of cannabis for their livelihood. The village is inaccessible by road, and due to the distance and difficult nature of passing through the swamps crocodiles, etc. In fact, according to locals, not a single police officer has visited since the s. In stark contrast to the thousands of tourists and expatriates Senegal brings in each year, the vast majority of the Casamance lives in poverty. For the Kouba villagers, cannabis is their only viable economic option. They are able to harvest and grow their own fruits and vegetables but do not have roads close enough to them to market such produce. Cultivating a kilo of cannabis alone can garner them a return of 30, West African Francs roughly 50 American Dollars , a figure much more attractive to the villagers when compared to the Francs earned from selling a kilo of onions. In order to grow enough of the plant to support their whole population, the village has numerous fields reserved solely for hemp. The fields have not been measured numerically but are much larger than any fields they have for their produce. Women are responsible for helping gather the hemp stalks from the land, separating the seeds from the stalks, and placing them on metal roofs, exposed to the world from above. Those who would like to purchase the cannabis from them spend hours travelling by canoe to reach the village. Villagers use this money to aide their construction and for the education of their children. While the Kouba villagers live without fear of repercussions, those who live outside of the village fear the year prison sentence for cultivation of cannabis and the stigmas around drug use in the predominantly Muslim country. On your next visit to Senegal I suggest passing up the jail house, however, and going for a swim instead! Sign up on our mailing list to get the latest news from Denver Urban Spectrum. We've recently sent you an authentication link. Please, check your inbox! Sign in with a password below, or sign in using your email. Get a code sent to your email to sign in, or sign in using a password. Enter the code you received via email to sign in, or sign in using a password. Lost your password? Privacy Policy. Support our work As an independent publication, we rely on contributions from readers like you to fund our journalism. One-time Monthly Annually. Find out with our free weekly newsletter. Sign up. I don't have an account I already have an account. Subscribe to our newsletters:. Sign in. Sign in with your email Lost your password? Try a different email Send another code. Send authorization code. Sign in with a password.

Cannabis in Senegal

Senegal buying hash

Michael Cole receives funding and 'in kind' support from the European Union and a number police forces and forensic science organisations around the world to carry out research. A new drug called kush is wreaking havoc in west Africa , particularly in Sierra Leone where it is estimated to kill around a dozen people each week and hospitalise thousands. The drug, taken mostly by men aged 18 to 25 , causes people to fall asleep while walking, to fall over, to bang their heads against hard surfaces and to walk into moving traffic. Kush in Sierra Leone is quite different; it is a mixture of cannabis, fentanyl, tramadol, formaldehyde and — according to some — ground down humans bones. It is mixed by local criminal gangs, but the constituent drugs have international sources, facilitated no doubt by the internet and digital communications. While cannabis is widely grown in Sierra Leone, the fentanyl is thought to originate in clandestine laboratories in China where the drug is manufactured illegally and shipped to west Africa. Tramadol has a similar source, namely illegal laboratories across Asia. Formaldehyde, which can cause hallucinations , is also reported in this mixture. As for ground human bones, there is no definitive answer about whether or not they occur in the drug, where such bones would come from, or why they might be incorporated into the drug. Some people say that grave robbers provide the bones, but there is no direct evidence of this. But why would bones be incorporated into the drug? Some suggest that the sulphur content of the bones causes a high. Another reason might be the drug content of the bones themselves, if the deceased was a fentanyl or tramadol user. However, both are unlikely. Sulphur levels in bones are not high. Smoking sulphur would result in highly toxic sulphur dioxide being produced and inhaled. Any drug content in bones is orders of magnitude less than that required to cause a physiological effect. The drug is reported in both Guinea and Liberia , which share porous land borders with Sierra Leone, making drug trafficking easy. Kush costs around five leones 20 UK pence per joint, which may be used by two or three people, with up to 40 joints being consumed in a day. The effects of the drug vary and depend on the user and the drug content. Cannabis causes a wide variety of effects, which include euphoria, relaxation and an altered state of consciousness. Fentanyl, an extremely potent opioid, produces euphoria and confusion and causes sleepiness among a wide range of other side-effects. The danger of the drug is twofold: the risk of self-injury to the drug taker and the highly addictive nature of the drug itself. A further problem is the need to finance the next dose, often achieved through prostitution or criminal activity. Kush is another example of polydrug mixtures of which forensic scientists are becoming increasingly aware. Another tobacco and cannabis-based drug, nyaope , otherwise known as whoonga, is found in South Africa. This time the tobacco and cannabis are mixed with heroin and antiretroviral drugs used to treat Aids, some of which are hallucinogenic. These drugs are inexpensive and provide an escape from unemployment, the drudgery of poverty, sexual and physical abuse, and the effect, in some cases, especially in west Africa, from having been a child soldier. So what can be done about these drugs? The effectiveness of legislation alone is questionable, and many of those who attend the very limited rehabilitation centres return to drug use. Perhaps what is required is an integrated forensic healthcare system where legislative control is backed up by properly resourced rehabilitation centres coupled with a public health and employment programme. What changes are made in response to this epidemic remains to be seen. Edition: Available editions Europe. Become an author Sign up as a reader Sign in. Michael Cole , Anglia Ruskin University. Events More events.

Senegal buying hash