Security Holes

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Security Holes
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API security leader, CEO & cofounder, Salt Security .
Organizations rely on developers to create amazing modern applications—from mobile apps to video streaming services to online food delivery and transportation conveniences. Businesses require more compressed release windows to get these services out the door sooner and gain a competitive advantage. To keep up with this demand, developers must build code faster than ever, applying agile and DevOps techniques to speed development cycles.
This new paradigm has spurred the “shift-left” security movement—namely, taking security requirements and incorporating them earlier into the development cycle. The business objectives are simple: to shorten development time, save on human resources and lower costs.
Shift Left: When It Does And Doesn’t Work
When technologies have not yet been implemented, organizations can establish security guidelines and parameters at the start of the development process. Applying shift-left strategies to new and emerging technologies delivers the biggest value.
Teams don’t need to worry about going back and retrofitting existing technologies with additional security capabilities. Technologies have not yet been integrated within the broader environment. Container security provides a good example of an effective shift-left model that has provided considerable value to organizations.
However, shift-left strategies lose value quickly—and dramatically—when applied to technologies already in use within the environment. With widely adopted technologies, relying on a shift-left approach creates multiple security holes that increase business risk.
Shift Left Leaves Existing Running Assets Exposed
Shift left identifies security gaps for only what is in development. Shift left does not protect what is already running within your organization, which is why runtime monitoring and protection capabilities will always be needed.
Take application programming interfaces (APIs). APIs have existed for many years. With the increase of digital services and online applications, their usage has exploded. APIs enable data to be instantly exchanged across multiple platforms.
The average company now has hundreds or even thousands of APIs running in production. Given the rapid speed of API development over the past few years, most companies don’t even know how many APIs they have running, making it impossible to protect them.
Shift Left Lengthens Your Effort-To-Value Ratio
According to a recent study by Ponemon Institute, Costs and Consequences in Gaps in Vulnerability Response , the majority of organizations (62%) remain unaware of vulnerabilities that could lead to a data breach. The same research found that 60% of breach victims said that they were breached due to an unpatched but known vulnerability where the patch had simply not yet been applied.
Researchers also found a significant increase in the amount of time required to fix vulnerabilities, particularly in the instance of high-severity vulnerabilities. The report found that the time required to fix these vulnerabilities grew over 25%—from 194 days to 246 days.
Not many businesses would survive with that timeframe. To reduce risk sooner, organizations must start with the right and then shift left. Companies must reduce risk in the shortest time in the most efficient way possible.
Start With The Right For Immediate Defense
Runtime protection lets you stop the bleeding now, keeping data and systems protected while teams figure out whatever vulnerability allowed the potential exploit. Runtime protection provides an immediate defense to 100% of your workloads right now, dramatically decreasing security risks without even changing one line of code.
In addition, behavioral analysis in runtime always provides the greatest value for fast attack detection and response. Applying behavioral analysis in runtime gives organizations insight into what "normal" looks like within their environment, making it easier to spot anomalies as soon as they occur.
Runtime insights also complement a shift-left approach by uncovering vulnerabilities that can be remediated in development. By sharing runtime findings with development, organizations can incorporate them in future cycles.
Shift Left Misses Business Logic Attacks
In the case of APIs, organizations also face another security threat that cannot be resolved through shift left capabilities: attacks against business logic.
APIs are not just straight code where you can look for code flaws in the development and testing phase. APIs instantiate business logic into code. Because you can’t exercise business logic in static code analysis, preproduction security testing tools fall short in protecting organizations from attacks against APIs. No code scanner can parse business logic, leaving organizations exposed to major forms of API abuse, such as credential stuffing, account takeover (ATO) and scraping.
To spot business logic flaws in APIs, you need to see APIs in action, requiring security capabilities external to the code base. While organizations can (and should) use security testing tools to verify certain elements of an API implementation, such as well-known misconfigurations or vulnerabilities, they must understand their limitations in regards to business-logic attacks.
Preproduction testing would never have uncovered the Log4j (Log4Shell) vulnerability, one of the most potentially dangerous and widespread vulnerabilities ever discovered. Looking at the longer list that OWASP defined for the top 10 API threats , the first six, which proceed in order of frequency, all derive from business logic gaps, where shift left can’t help.
Shift Left Provides Value but Cannot Meet All Security Requirements
Shift left does not deliver the full context needed to secure an infrastructure. Rather, shift left provides a small piece of the puzzle to deepen security across today’s modern applications. You simply cannot test everything in predeployment.
Testing tools weren’t designed to find all abuses, and not everything can be secured in code. Organizations need runtime protection to catch what was missed in development, to spot security gaps in code changes that don’t go through standard build processes and to capture attacks that will never be surfaced in preproduction testing.
Teaching developers more about secure coding and emphasizing responsible shift-left measures are valid and important endeavors. Shift-left practices provide tremendous value by helping organizations think strategically about improving their security posture as they move forward in the future. However, businesses cannot just look to tomorrow; they must also prioritize the protection of what’s already running in their environment and needs to be secured today.
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December 6, 2021, 11:19 PM · 3 min read
Wireless internet router with status lights on. - Credit: Oleksandr Delyk/Adobe
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Keeping a close eye on your online accounts is incredibly important with scams , hacks , and breaches as common as they are. Your hardware is at risk as well, which is why we always recommend keeping your devices updated. In fact, one of the most indispensable devices in your home can also be one of the most vulnerable. Cybersecurity researchers recently examined a number of popular WiFi routers and found over 200 potential security holes that could put your data at risk.
Editors at the German IT magazine CHIP recently conducted a thorough security test on nine routers from major brands. They teamed up with security experts from IoT Inspector , who provided a security platform for automated IoT firmware checks. What they found might shock you.
“The test negatively exceeded all expectations for secure small business and home routers,” Florian Lukavsky, CTO of IoT Inspector, said of the results of the test on Thursday. “Not all vulnerabilities are equally critical – but at the time of the test, all devices showed significant security vulnerabilities that could make a hacker’s life much easier.”
According to IoT Inspector , the test featured routers from Asus, AVM, D-Link, Netgear, Edimax, TP-Link, Synology, and Linksys. Millions of units of each model are currently in circulation around the world. In all, the researchers found 226 vulnerabilities between the nine models.
Devices from TP-Link had the most vulnerabilities of any device. The company’s Archer AX6000 routers had a whopping 32 security holes. Meanwhile, Synology’s RT-2600ac router came in second place with 30 vulnerabilities. You can see the full list in this document (German).
As IoT Inspector explains, many of the routers had the same vulnerabilities. In many cases, it was an outdated operating system. The researchers noted that integrating a new kernel in the firmware is expensive. As a result, none of the manufacturers were up to date.
The routers also weren’t on the latest software. Most routers update themselves automatically, but only if you enable the feature. Router updates aren’t as frequent as phone or computer updates, but they’re just as important.
The researchers contacted all of the affected manufacturers before publishing the report. Every manufacturer responded by releasing firmware patches for their routers. Even if your router isn’t on the list, take this opportunity to check for any outstanding firmware updates.
Additionally, the German government announced that manufacturers will have to take greater responsibility going forward. The new coalition agreement states that “manufacturers are liable for damage negligently caused by IT security vulnerabilities in their products.” So if hackers find and exploit security holes in routers in the future, manufacturers will pay the price.
Of course, whether or not the manufacturer is responsible, your data is still at risk. IoT Inspector CEO Jan Wendenburg offered the following helpful hint for all router owners:
Changing passwords on first use and enabling the automatic update function must be standard practice on all IoT devices, whether the device is used at home or in a corporate network. The greatest danger, besides vulnerabilities introduced by manufacturers, is using an IoT device according to the motto ‘plug, play and forget.’
Update your software, use strong passwords, and keep an eye out for reports such as these.
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“That’s gonna be a big old NOPE from me,” one person commented.

5 Security Holes Almost Everyone's Vulnerable To
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Problems with security seem to pop up all the time—from an easy to hack router to apps that leak your data into the world. Thankfully, it's pretty easy to protect yourself. Here's how to do it.
Unless you keep up to date on all the security news, it's easy to miss a bit here and there about what has been exploited and what hasn't. We're all vulnerable at some point, and if you haven't touched the settings on your computer since you took it out of the box, it might be time to take another look.
Already know about these security holes and have them patched up? Good for you! Send this along to your friends who don't to help keep them safe.
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UPnP (Universal Plug and Play), a component meant to make devices like routers, printers, and media players easy to discover on a network, has been accused of having security holes for a long time , but this week the US Government suggested you disable it yet again . The most recent study suggests 40 million to 80 million network-enabled devices responded to discovery requests from the internet and are vulnerable to an attack that gives hackers access to webcams, printers, passwords, and more. This means routers and devices with the bug can be accessed from the internet to remotely screw with your system even if you don't have malware installed.
The good news is that most of the affected hardware is old, and the problem likely isn't as widespread as it seems. That said, in the case of most devices, you can turn UPnP off in the settings (look in your manual for directions). The UPnP setting on your router doesn't have anything to do with the protocol that lets you stream media over a network , print from inside the network, or anything similar. Turning it off on the router level only blocks you from controlling these devices over the internet , which most people don't need to do.
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I'm tired of transferring my movies and TV shows to my PlayStation 3's hard drive…
To turn it off on a router level, you pop into the admin page and disable UPnP. If you want to check your hardware, security site Rapid7 has made a tool to scan devices on your network .
Most routers come with some kind of administrative website that you access by typing their IP…
As far as security risks go, this one's easy to fix and it's not going to affect a lot of people these days. The rest of these are much worse.
Chances are that your router is using either a WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) password or a WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) password. Unfortunetly, it's pretty simple to crack a Wi-Fi network's WPA password and a WEP password .
Your Wi-Fi network is your conveniently wireless gateway to the internet, and since you're not keen
Both of these vulnerabilities exist for different reasons. In the case of WEP, it's as simple as cracking the password with an automated encyrption program (and a lot of time), while in WPA, it's more about a vulnerability in WPS (Wi-fi Protected Setup) on certain routers. This can be corrected by turning WPS off. If you can't turn WPS off, you can install DD-WRT or Tomato so you can. DD-WRT should add a nice security layer to your home network.
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HTTP Secure is the protocol used to secure everything that you send online that's important. This includes your bank information, social networks, and just about everything else that needs security. For your home network, you can simply install the HTTPS browser extension that ensures you'll always use the secure version of a site so your data doesn't fall into the wrong hands . Without HTTPS, your personal data is far more likely to fall through a security hole and into the hands of some nefarious person.
Chrome/Firefox: HTTPS Everywhere, the browser extension that keeps your data from falling into the…
While it's important to use HTTPS at home, it's far more important to always use it on public Wi-Fi . At places like hotels, airports, or libraries, someone is probably snooping out your passwords . Your best solution for public Wi-Fi is to use a VPN (virtual private network) to route your traffic safely and securely.

Public Wi-Fi networks—like those in coffee shops or hotels—are not nearly as safe as you think.…
It happens time and time again. A hacker finds an exploit, and suddenly all your favorite software and web sites are vulnerable to people snagging your passwords. This might make your entire system insecure, it may give your passwords away, or they're leaking your personal data like name and address. This happens with Java constantly , but it has happened to pretty much everyone at some point, including: Mega , Google Wallet , Apple , Skype , Path , Zappos , LinkedIn , and Facebook .
One million Apple UDIDs (Universal Device IDs) were released to the public today, along with…
First off, you need to keep your software up to date . This means both your operating system and your mobile software. Generally, when your data is leaked, someone notices, and the software is patched up right away.
When you're home visiting the family, often times you'll find yourself updating a few computers…
It's not exactly the perfect solution, but since the security holes are on the service or software side, it's all you can
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