Rough 1

Rough 1

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1
rough

/ ˈ rʌf/

adjective

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROUGH

He trimmed the rough edge of the paper.
They hiked through rough terrain/country.
a rough [= bumpy ] ride on an old wooden roller coaster
We were a bit shaken from the plane's rough landing.
She's had a rough [= tough ] life/year/time.
He went through a rough patch/period after his divorce.
They've hit a few rough spots in their marriage.
Despite a rough start, the team won more games this season than last.
I had a rough night last night. [=I did not sleep well]
It was rough going [=things were difficult] for a while.
Our ancestors had it rough [=had a difficult existence] compared to us.
He's having a rough time (of it) . = He's going through a rough time . [=he is having a difficult time; his life has been difficult recently]
We ran into some rough [= stormy ] weather.
These dishes are not made to withstand rough handling.
The prisoners complained about rough treatment by the guards.
She says the kids are too rough [= rowdy ] when they play.
He doesn't like rough sports like hockey.
All right kids—no rough stuff . [=no behaving or playing in a rough way]
Don't be so rough on them [=don't punish or criticize them so harshly] for making a mistake.
I live in a pretty rough neighborhood/area.
He made a rough sketch of the house.
They built a rough [= crude ] shelter out of branches.
He submitted a rough draft of the article.
The project still has a few rough edges . [=the project still has a few things that need to be changed or finished]
The design is still a bit rough around the edges .
If I were to make a rough guess, I might say there were 100,000 people at the parade.
a rough translation of a Chinese proverb
This sketch will give you a rough idea of what the house looks like.
I'm feeling too rough to go out tonight.

— roughness

noun

[ noncount ]

surfaces with varying degrees of roughness and smoothness

2
rough

/ ˈ rʌf/

adverb

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROUGH

The engine is running a little rough .
Life has been treating her pretty rough .
people living/sleeping rough on the streets

3
rough

/ ˈ rʌf/

noun

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROUGH

He showed me a few roughs of the new building.
a gang of roughs [= rowdies , hoodlums ]

in rough

British

The plans were done in rough for preapproval.

in the rough

chiefly US

Some of the turquoise is polished and some is in the rough . [=not polished]
He admired the beauty of nature in the rough .

take the rough with the smooth

chiefly British

In this business, you have to learn to take the rough with the smooth .

4
rough

/ ˈ rʌf/

verb

roughs ;

roughed ;

roughing

roughs ;

roughed ;

roughing

Britannica Dictionary definition of ROUGH

[ + object ]

American football + ice hockey

He was called for roughing the kicker/passer.

rough in

[ phrasal verb ]

rough (something) in

or

rough in (something)

Rough in the lettering on your poster.
He roughed in the frame of the new door.

rough it

informal

She was roughing it in the wilderness.

rough out

[ phrasal verb ]

rough (something) out

or

rough out (something)

rough up

[ phrasal verb ]

rough (someone) up

or

rough up (someone)

informal

The prisoner claimed that he was roughed up by the guards.

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rough (up)
rough it

in the rough
rough (up)
rough it

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Synonyms of rough
(Entry 2 of 3)

Synonyms of rough
(Entry 3 of 3)
Some common synonyms of rough are harsh , rugged , scabrous , and uneven . While all these words mean "not smooth or even," rough implies points, bristles, ridges, or projections on the surface.
While in some cases nearly identical to rough , harsh implies a surface or texture distinctly unpleasant to the touch.
a harsh fabric that chafes the skin
In some situations, the words rugged and rough are roughly equivalent. However, rugged implies irregularity or roughness of land surface and connotes difficulty of travel.
Although the words scabrous and rough have much in common, scabrous implies scaliness or prickliness of surface.
The meanings of uneven and rough largely overlap; however, uneven implies a lack of uniformity in height, breadth, or quality.
From the Editors at Merriam-Webster
When each letter can be seen but not heard
“Rough.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/rough. Accessed 22 Sep. 2022.
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

^ Ackerley, C. J. and Gontarski, S. E., (Eds.): The Faber Companion to Samuel Beckett , (London: Faber and Faber, 2006), p 489

^ Jump up to: a b Fox, C., ‘ Square Dances an introduction to the music of Richard Rijnvos ’ in The Musical Times winter 1999 (volume 140, number 1869)

^ A branch of the O’Sullivans and always associated with Kerry .

^ Jump up to: a b Beckett, S., Collected Shorter Plays of Samuel Beckett (London: Faber and Faber, 1984), p 107

^ Eric Keller in Agar, M., Ed., Language Shock: Understanding the Culture of Conversation , New York, William Morrow and Co, p 96

^ Jump up to: a b Brown, V., Yesterday’s Deformities: A Discussion of the Role of Memory and Discourse in the Plays of Samuel Beckett Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine , (doctoral thesis)

^ Beckett, S., Waiting for Godot , (London: Faber and Faber, [1956] 1988), p 12

^ Beckett, S., Collected Shorter Plays of Samuel Beckett (London: Faber and Faber, 1984), p 108

^ Beckett, S., Collected Shorter Plays of Samuel Beckett (London: Faber and Faber, 1984) , p 109

^ Beckett, S., Collected Shorter Plays of Samuel Beckett (London: Faber and Faber, 1984), p 109

^ Jump up to: a b c Beckett, S., Collected Shorter Plays of Samuel Beckett (London: Faber and Faber, 1984), p 111

^ Beckett, S., Collected Shorter Plays of Samuel Beckett (London: Faber and Faber, 1984), pp 110,111

^ McGovern, B., 'Beckett and the Radio Voice' in Murray, C., (Ed.) Samuel Beckett – 100 Years (Dublin: New Island, 2006), p 132

^ Rijnvos, R., 'Samuel Beckett Today, What is it like together? Genesis of the First Production of Beckett’s Radio I ' in Buning, M. and Oppenheim, L., (Eds.) Beckett in the 1990s, Selected papers from the Second International Symposium held in The Hague, 8 – 12 April 1992 (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1993), p 103

^ Jump up to: a b Tönnies, M., 'Players, Playthings And Patterns: Three Stages of Heteronomy in Beckett’s Mature Drama' in Moorjani, A. and Veit, C., (Eds.) Samuel Beckett Today/Aujourd'hui, Samuel Beckett: Endlessness in the Year 2000 (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2001)

Rough for Radio I is a short radio play by Samuel Beckett , written in French in 1961 and first published in Minuit 5 in September 1973 as Esquisse radiophonique . Its first English publication as Sketch for Radio Play was in Stereo Headphones 7 (spring 1976). It first appeared under its current title in Ends and Odds (Grove 1976, Faber 1977). [1]

"Plans for a BBC production, with Humphrey Searle providing the music, were made soon after the publication of the original French version but came to nothing and a later BBC proposal to produce the play without music was rejected by Beckett in the late 1970s. According to the Beckett estate the French version was produced by ORTF ( Office de Radiodiffusion Télévision Française ) in 1962, although Beckett himself seems later to have forgotten about this production." [2]

A complete run of all Beckett's radio plays was presented by RTÉ Radio 1 in 2006 to celebrate the centenary of the author's birth; Rough for Radio I was broadcast on April 12.

The work has also been produced on compact disc by the British pianist John Tilbury who also speaks the part of "He". It was recorded at Trinity College of Music and Electronic Music Studio, Goldsmiths College , London , in 2004/5 along with a version of Cascando , the music composed and performed by John Tilbury with electronic modulations by Sebastian Lexer.

An unnamed woman visits a gloomy man, who we learn is called Macgillycuddy . [3] She is under the impression that she is there on his invitation; he says not but nevertheless allows her entry. He is civil, formal, his conversation phatic . He effects a faux-subservience with his continual use of " Madam ", but takes no steps to make her stay comfortable, refusing to provide even "a little heat" or "a little light" [4] but he doesn't go so far as to forbid her squatting on the thick cushion she sees.

"[W]e experience a practiced talker at work in the female well-wisher, with her reliable memory and inventory of conversational 'gambits' at the ready. [5] Despite her skill, she is stymied in her efforts to advance the conversation by the male protagonist 's uncooperative obduracy. [1] He refuses to accommodate her desire to establish a probing 'frame', to elicit the information that her curiosity craves." [6] Even when she expresses concern for how troubled he seems to her the man refuses, as Vladimir would put it, to "return the ball." [7] He is a model of polite restraint, but why?

She has come, she informs him, to listen but then asks if she can "see them". [4] He says not but he does permit her to operate the two knobs that control the music and the words she has come to hear. "[I]s it live?" she wants to know. He doesn't answer other than to instruct her how to control the sounds: "[You] must twist … To the right." [8] His subsequent answers indicate there are individuals behind the sounds, one producing words, the other music. Each is alone, is
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