Rasht buy MDMA pills

__________________________

📍 Verified store!

📍 Guarantees! Quality! Reviews!

__________________________

▼▼ ▼▼ ▼▼ ▼▼ ▼▼ ▼▼ ▼▼

▲▲ ▲▲ ▲▲ ▲▲ ▲▲ ▲▲ ▲▲

Rasht buy MDMA pills

Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. In this study, a simple and reliable method by gas chromatograph—mass spectrometry GC—MS was developed for the fast and regular identification of 3, 4-MDMA impurities in ecstasy tablets. In so doing, 8 samples of impurities were extracted by diethyl ether under alkaline condition and then analyzed by GC—MS. The results revealed high MDMA levels ranging from The experimental results indicated the acceptable time window without interfering peaks. Consequently, the intense MDMA levels would support the police to develop a simple quantification of impurity in Ecstasy tablets. A worldwide consumption of the well-known synthetic drugs club drugs increased annually. It is available in various forms on the drug market, mainly as tablets, capsules or powder, all called ecstasy. The Ecstasy tablets mostly contain amphetamine-type stimulants including 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine MDMA , 3, 4-methylenedioxyamphetamine MDA , methamphetamine MA and ketamine Keta , etc 4 , 5. The term is used more generally for all amphetamine type substances sold in form of tablets in the illicit market. Amphetamines and other related derivatives are powerful stimulants of the central nervous system and one of the most highly addictive drugs. The majority of people take MDMA orally, most often in tablet or capsule form. MDMA poisoning features are due to release of endogenous catecholamines particularly norepinephrine and dopamine and block their reuptake into presynaptic vesicles. MDMA produce profoundly positive feelings and empathy for others, that it eliminates anxiety. Furthermore, MDMA overdose is characterized by persistent psychosis, high blood pressure, panic attack, and in more severe cases, loss of consciousness, seizures and a marked rise in body temperature. In some cases, at high doses, it can cause convulsions, loss of consciousness, coma, and hyperthermia respectively 6 - 8. Due to the widespread abuse of amphetamine, drug testing for amphetamines is routinely done in forensic toxicology. So, introduction of new and fast determination method is essential 9. Detailed impurity information has been reported on the drugs seized in countries such as Australia 10 , Thailand 11 , Philippines 12 , Korea and Japan respectively Hence, a rapid, precise and reproducible methodology is required for the quantitative and qualitative determination of drugs for forensic science. These methods are time-consuming, especially concerning diagnosis, since often require the use of more ones analytic method to find the amphetamine drugs. Another advantage is that the technique is trouble-free to do and may be easily available in health centers, as opposed to other methods that are more expensive such as LC—MS—MS 17 and therefore not accessible to all diagnostic centers including local antinarcotics police. A general disadvantage of quantitation based on in vivo detection is relatively lower abundance for ones of the chemical derivatization of samples resulting lower coverage. GC-MS methods are often preferred for quantitative determination. To the best of our knowledge, the use of different methods did not provides sensitive and selective detection of amphetamine containing tablets, with the exception of 3,4-MDMA. This study was aimed to describe a GC—MS method for impurity profiling, after a simple liquid—liquid extraction. The first aim was to develop a fast, routine, quantitative and qualitative GC-MS method for confirmation of the presence of 3, 4- MDMA in the sized drugs. The ecstasy tablets seized in Ahwaz-Iran were examined and the data matrices were analyzed. This method evidently makes possible a simple identification of impurity in Ecstasy tablets. The second aim was to study GC-MS pattern of 3. All ecstasy samples discussed were obtained in tablet forms. The samples were confiscated by the Ahwaz-Iran antinarcotics police. The 8 random samples were categorized into 4 groups and analyzed. The tablets weighed from 0. All standard solutions were prepared with doubly distilled water. The analyses were performed on an Agilent GC system. Helium was used as the carrier gas at a flow rate of 0. Then the final temperature held for 15 min. The MS system was operated in electron impact mode. EI was used as ionization mode at 70 eV. The measurements were carried out in the selected ion monitoring mode in three time windows. MS scanning was performed at the range of 35— amu. GC-MS was used for determination of chemical profile of the tablets. A total of 8 samples of ecstasy tablets were studied from each kind of four provided samples, collected randomly from seizures at year. These samples were chosen from more than samples of ecstasy tablets seized in local antinarcotics police. These samples were divided into four groups according to their physical and appearance characteristics such as shape, break line, color, weight, diameter and thickness. Ecstasy tablets were ground and homogenized. Then, 5 mg of the powdered tablets was dissolved in 2 mL distilled water. The mixing was followed by addition of 2 mL pre-distilled diethyl ether. The solution was mixed 10 min and centrifuged at rpm. The ether layer was then separated and was transferred into a glass insert of GC micro vial for automatic sampling and dried. GC—MS analysis was carried out to identify the impurities. In order to avoid impurity degradation, the extracts were prepared and injected on the same day. Due to the increasing number of drug cases, as well as the widening globalization of illicit drugs, law enforcement agencies worldwide have adopted the strategy of profiling of drug impurities. They consist of a large variety of active ingredients and some contain a mixture of MDMA and one or more amphetamine-type drug s such as ketamine with apoptotic and neurodegenerative activities Amphetamine drugs are strongly controlled in most countries. Analytical information derived from the analysis of the illicit drugs, is important for legal and intelligence purposes. Liquid—liquid extraction LLE is a classical technique that has been often used for carrying out the extraction of many compounds from various kinds of samples. Most laboratories prefer using liquid—liquid extraction for sample preparation. GC—MS is recently the most used method for the determination of drugs which allows working with complex matrixes leading to high specificity along with sensitivity. GC-MS method showed full advantage of the high resolution for impurities using multiple points of selectivity for identification based on the match of retention time and mass spectrum of an unknown peak with that of the standard Figure 1 , 2 and 3. The internal standard method was used to construct the calibration curve. Acceptable linear regression was obtained for calibration curves Table 1. The proposed fragmentation for monitoring of 3, 4- MDMA and typical MS spectra profile for the analysis of tablet sample A and internal standard down. The proposed fragmentation for monitoring of Ketamine and typical MS spectra profile for the analysis of tablet sample B up and internal standard down. In order to show the specificity of GC-MS method in Amphetamines measurement, the determinations were carried out in two series; with and without solvent. Only a peak was seen in solution. This peak was not observed in solvent. This feature shows the selectivity of GC-MS method in the amphetamine determination. After construction calibration curves for target compounds, the proposed procedure described above was applied to determine the target analytes in tablet samples. Typical MS spectrum of the diethyl ether extracts of drug samples are shown in Figure 2 - 4. With using information are listed in Table 1 , the amount of present compounds were calculated. Table 2 is shown data of amount impurities found, as a result of GC—MS analysis. The amount of MDMA was different in all samples. The proposed fragmentation for monitoring of Metamphetamine and typical MS spectra profile for the analysis of tablet sample C up and internal standard down. The sensitivity of the MDMA analysis and the specificity of peaks are improved 3 , 5 - 6. The peaks of derivatives are particularly desirable when the mass spectrum of the underivatized molecules is of low diagnostic value. Multi-drug combinations were found only in one tablet sample. In this study, the range of tablets weight was 0. The range of MDMA content was percent mean 90 mg. The tablet weight usually ranges from 40 to mg. The content is differing regionally. MDMA Identification was accomplished by comparing the retention time and mass spectrum of tablet A with standard spectrum. Comparing the retention time MDMA identification was accomplished by comparing the retention time and mass spectrum of standard spectrum. Amphetamine identification was accomplished by comparing the retention time at 1. The MDMA content in tablet samples were ranging from 60— mg. The range of tablets was mg. The MDMA levels were ranging from The results of this study showed MDMA levels ranging from GC technique is a fast analysis that recently coupled with MS. The GC method is not suitable for samples requiring extensive derivitization, as well as for complex samples such as seized samples for an effective separation of the large number of ingredients. The throughput and coverage of unknown samples were significantly improved by this coupling. The efficiency of the extraction process and the identity of MDMA peak were verified This method requires long run times. These times are less in GC-MS. GC-MS provide an appropriate method for large numbers of chemical including abuse drugs in a complex mixture. This technique unifies the separation power and sensitivity of a GC-FID with the analyte specificity of a spectroscopic technique. Therefore this method is able to provide highly specific spectral data on individual compounds in a complex mixture of compounds without prior separation. The present study showed the simultaneous quantification of amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine MDMA , Amphetamine AM and ketamine in tablets. In this research, we used a simple liquid—liquid extraction prior GC-MS analysis. The sample preparation procedures prior to GC include several steps. In order to obtain high extraction recoveries of the drugs, some variables such as pH, extraction time and organic solvent were investigated and optimized. The method was optimized following a one-at-a time variable approach using the peaks area as analytical signals. This study has demonstrated the successful application of GC-MS method for the quantitative and qualitative determination of the multiple illicit drugs. This method is a rapid detective tool in the clinical emergency management. All experiments were applicable in less than half-hour. The experiments require low levels of the sample. The preparation method is minimal and simple. This work not only provides information about MDMA content of ecstasy tablets, but also develops a new method for the fast and regular identification of 3, 4-MDMA impurities in ecstasy tablets. Chemical profiling is able to provide more reliable information than the physical characteristics of the tablets. Also, impurity profiling could reveal the hidden information on the clandestine MDMA laboratory. The Information about the impurities in methamphetamine allowed identification of the drug synthetic routes. We are actively pursuing the identities of the unknown impurities via synthetic approach and will report the outcomes of our efforts in next publication. The study was carried out by Tahere Safarpour as her MSc. The authors thank the staffs of the Faculty of Rasht Azad University and Faculty of Pharmacy, Jundishapur University for their help during carrying out the study. This study was supported by the Research affairs of Jundishapur University. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Iran J Pharm Res. Find articles by Amir Jalali. Find articles by Amir Hatamie. Find articles by Tahere Saferpour. Find articles by Alireza Khajeamiri. Find articles by Tahere Safa. Find articles by Foad Buazar. Received Sep; Accepted Mar. Open in a new tab. Similar articles. Add to Collections. Create a new collection. Add to an existing collection. Choose a collection Unable to load your collection due to an error Please try again. Add Cancel.

Impact of Pharmaceutical Impurities in Ecstasy Tablets: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Study

Rasht buy MDMA pills

She fabricates myths based on frequent motives in mythology across the world, for instance, the duality and superpowers of twins, fertility, sacrifice, and death, in order to make her narrative installations. Portrait of Dorsa Asadi. She lives and works in Tehran. Download CV.

Rasht buy MDMA pills