Qualité assurance
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: a program for the systematic monitoring and evaluation of the various aspects of a project, service, or facility to ensure that standards of quality are being met
Days after workers announced their intent to unionize, Raven management announced plans Jan. 24 to break up the department of quality assurance workers and distribute them to other teams.
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Suhauna Hussainstaff Writer, Los Angeles Times , 23 May 2022
As such, state survey agencies must be given adequate resources for increasing oversight of state survey performance and evaluating strategies to improve quality assurance activities.
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Marilyn Rantz, STAT , 9 Apr. 2022
The team was also working on final touches such as quality assurance testing.
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Evan Nicole Brown, The Hollywood Reporter , 1 Mar. 2022
Those use cases are developer quality assurance testing of channels before their public launch and limiting the distribution of channels to a small set of users.
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Jacob Siegal, BGR , 23 Feb. 2022
Much of the testimony discussed employees’ duties and whether quality assurance testing was distinct enough from other departments.
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Washington Post , 17 Apr. 2020
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Merriam-Webster
quality as·sur·ance
| \ -ə-ˈshu̇r-ən(t)s
\
: a program for the systematic monitoring and evaluation of the various aspects of a project, service, or facility to ensure that standards of quality are being met
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These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'quality assurance.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback .
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“Quality assurance.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quality%20assurance. Accessed 20 Aug. 2022.
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James Bucki is a former writer for The Balance Small Business and the director of computing technology at Genesee Community College.
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Quality assurance is the act or process of confirming that quality standards are being met within an organization. Quality assurance is one facet of quality control, alongside proper planning and implementation. The International Organization for Standardization helps develop, implement, and ensure international standards for quality.
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Quality assurance (QA) is the act or process of confirming that a firm's quality requirements are being met. Managing the quality of production involves planning, fulfilling, and monitoring activities. Quality assurance is the monitoring facet of that discipline.
Learn about the history of quality assurance, why it's important, and how the International Organization for Standardization attempts to apply quality assurance standards globally.
Quality assurance encompasses the processes and procedures that systematically monitor different aspects of a service or facility. Through audits and other forms of assessment, quality assurance efforts detect and correct problems or variances that fall outside established standards or requirements.
In other words, quality assurance ensures a high level of quality during the development of products or services.
A business can build a positive reputation for reliability when it ensures a consistent level of quality in its products or services. This bolsters consumer trust and confidence in the business, and it helps the business compete with others in the same market.
The term "quality assurance" is sometimes used interchangeably with "quality control," another facet of the management process. However, quality control pertains to the actual fulfillment of whatever quality requirements have been put in place. Quality assurance is checking in on quality control methods to ensure they're working as planned.
Most businesses utilize some form of quality assurance in production, from manufacturers of consumer packaged goods to software development companies. Some companies may even establish a quality assurance department with employees that focus solely on quality assurance.
Quality assurance methods focus on establishing good processes to produce products with the quality already built-in, rather than going through an unmonitored production process and trying to “inspect the quality” of a product that’s already been finished.
Concepts of quality control can be traced back to at least the Middle Ages and the rise of guilds. A craftsman could access a network of connections with other craftsmen and suppliers by joining a guild organization. He could then benefit from the reputation of the guild based on standards of quality in the products produced by its members.
The Industrial Revolution brought about more specialization in labor, as well as mechanization. Quality assurance evolved to address specialized tasks performed by workers. With the introduction of mass production, the need to monitor the quality of components being produced by large numbers of workers created a role for quality inspectors .
As the number of things being created rose, statistical process control —utilizing statistical methods to help ensure quality—became increasingly important. World War II and the need for consistently well-made munitions further stressed the importance of quality assurance.
Today's approaches to quality assurance may differ depending on the industry. For example, a hospital might implement QA methods to improve the quality of healthcare. This could include defining quality by understanding core activities in effective patient care, setting quality benchmarks, and measuring quality with surveys, audits, and supervision.
Another business, such as a nutritional supplement manufacturer, would have completely different methods to ensure quality since its product parameters are completely different than a hospital. For example, the supplement company might guide its processes based on guidelines for active pharmaceutical ingredients.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) was founded in 1947 with the goal of ensuring quality across national borders. ISO consists of standards organizations that represent over 160 countries. It maintains an effective quality assurance system for manufacturing and service industries.
One product of the ISO is the set of standards that have become known as the ISO 9000 family. The criteria detailed in these management systems are designed to help organizations meet statutory and regulatory requirements for product quality and consumer needs.
Manufacturers and businesses can become certified by fulfilling the requirements defined in ISO 9001. This offers independent confirmation of an organization's adherence to quality standards. More than 1 million organizations around the world are ISO 9001 certified.
To obtain ISO 9001 certification, the management of an organization develops quality assurance goals that are codified into policies and guidelines. These policies and guidelines are specifically designed to meet the unique needs of its business and manufacturing processes, and they're often crafted with the assistance of a consultant.
Once the organization implements the guidelines, the systems are assessed for compliance with ISO 9000 standards. The results of the assessment identify any areas that fall outside of ISO standards. If the organization addresses any problem areas within a given time frame, then it receives certification.
International Organization for Standardization. " About Us ." Accessed July 2, 2020.
International Organization for Standardization. " ISO 9000 Family ." Accessed July 2, 2020.
By Thomas Hamilton
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Updated July 2, 2022
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Quality is extremely hard to define, and it is simply stated: “Fit for use or purpose.” It is all about meeting the needs and expectations of customers with respect to functionality, design, reliability, durability, & price of the product.
Assurance is nothing but a positive declaration on a product or service, which gives confidence. It is certainty of a product or a service, which it will work well. It provides a guarantee that the product will work without any problems as per the expectations or requirements.
Quality Assurance in Software Testing is defined as a procedure to ensure the quality of software products or services provided to the customers by an organization. Quality assurance focuses on improving the software development process and making it efficient and effective as per the quality standards defined for software products. Quality Assurance is popularly known as QA Testing.
Quality Assurance methodology has a defined cycle called PDCA cycle or Deming cycle. The phases of this cycle are:
These above steps are repeated to ensure that processes followed in the organization are evaluated and improved on a periodic basis. Let’s look into the above QA Process steps in detail –
Quality control popularly abbreviated as QC. It is a Software Engineering process used to ensure quality in a product or a service. It does not deal with the processes used to create a product; rather it examines the quality of the “end products” and the final outcome.
The main aim of Quality control is to check whether the products meet the specifications and requirements of the customer. If an issue or problem is identified, it needs to be fixed before delivery to the customer.
QC also evaluates people on their quality level skill sets and imparts training and certifications. This evaluation is required for the service based organization and helps provide “perfect” service to the customers.
Sometimes, QC is confused with the QA. Quality control is to examine the product or service and check for the result. Quality Assurance in Software Engineering is to examine the processes and make changes to the processes which led to the end-product.
Examples of QC and QA activities are as follows:
The above activities are concerned with Quality Assurance and Control mechanisms for any product and not essentially software . With respect to software
Following table explains on differences between SQA and Software Testing:
There are 5 primary Quality Assurance Functions:
There are several certifications available in the industry to ensure that Organizations follow Standards Quality Processes. Customers make this as qualifying criteria while selecting a software vendor.
This standard was first established in 1987, and it is related to Quality Management Systems. This helps the organization ensure quality to their customers and other stakeholders. An organization who wishes to be certified as ISO 9000 is audited based on their functions, products, services and their processes. The main objective is to review and verify whether the organization is following the process as expected and check whether existing processes need improvement.
The Capability Maturity Model Integrated (CMMI) is a process improvement approach developed specially for software process improvement. It is based on the process maturity framework and used as a general aid in business processes in the Software Industry. This model is highly regarded and widely used in Software Development Organizations.
CMMI has 5 levels. An organization is certified at CMMI level 1 to 5 based on the maturity of their Quality Assurance Mechanisms.
This model assesses the maturity of processes in a Testing Environment. Even this model has 5 levels, defined below-
Quality Assurance is to check whether the product developed is fit for use. For that, Organization should have processes and standards to be followed which need to be improved on a periodic basis. It concentrates mainly on the quality of product/service that we are providing to the customers during or after implementation of software.
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Training of Quality Standards and Processes
Software Quality Assurance is about engineering process that ensures quality
Software Testing is to test a product for problems before the product goes live
Involves activities related to the implementation of processes, procedures, and standards. Example – Audits Training
Involves actives concerning verification of product Example – Review Testing
The scope of SQA applied to all products that will be created by the organization
The scope of Software Testing applies to a particular product being tested.
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Quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) are two terms that are often used interchangeably. Although similar, there are distinct differences between the two concepts. This page will explain the differences between quality control and quality management, and provide definitions and examples of each.
Quality assurance and quality control are two aspects of quality management. While some quality assurance and quality control activities are interrelated, the two are defined differently. Typically, QA activities and responsibilities cover virtually all of the quality system in one fashion or another, while QC is a subset of the QA activities. Also, elements in the quality system might not be specifically covered by QA/QC activities and responsibilities but may involve QA and QC. Figure 1 shows ISO 9000 definitions from ISO 9000:2015: Quality management systems - Fundamentals and Vocabulary .
See training courses for these crucial functions:
Figure 1: Quality System, Quality Assurance, and Quality Control Relationships
Quality assurance can be defined as "part of quality management focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled." The confidence provided by quality assurance is twofold—internally to management and externally to customers, government agencies, regulators, certifiers, and third parties. An alternate definition is "all the planned and systematic activities implemented within the quality system that can be demonstrated to provide confidence that a product or service will fulfill requirements for quality."
Quality control can be defined as "part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements ." While quality assurance relates to how a process is performed or how a product is made, quality control is more the inspection aspect of quality management. An alternate definition is "the operational techniques and activities used to fulfill requirements for quality."
For some service organizations, the concept of quality control may be foreign because there is no tangible product to inspect and control. The quality assurance function in a service organization may not include quality control of the service but may include quality control of any products involved in providing the service.
A service may include products that are documents (such as a report, contract, or design) or tangible products (such as a rental car or units of blood). It may be necessary to control product quality in a service organization to ensure that the service meets customer requirements.
Inspection is the process of measuring, examining, and testing to gauge one or more characteristics of a product or service and
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