Push notifications ios

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Push notifications ios

As an iOS developer, you know that iOS supports two types of notifications: Local and Push or Remote. Actually, you can find a couple of older tutorials about local notifications in this and this link. Push notifications on the other hand are not scheduled by the app. With push notifications, app creators can send messages to users when necessary, either in random times or scheduled, and either with a customized personalised or a default message body. Here is a good resource for some general information about Apple Push Notifications. Every single push notification that is sent from a provider to one or more target devices, follows a mandatory path. In simple words, the lifecycle of a remote notification can be summed up as shown next:. I encourage you to pay a visit to the official documentation for useful details about the way push notifications work. Several steps are required so as an app can accept push notifications. Those steps are divided in two general categories: The programming preparation, and the production of various certificates, provisioning profiles and more. The programming part is easy, as it consists of standard pieces of code that must be added to the project. The confusing is the second part, where a number of other actions are necessary to be taken in various places, such as the Mac OS Keychain Access app, the project, and the Apple Developer Member Center portal. Besides all that, there are two kinds of remote notifications: If you manage to successfully receive sandboxed notifications in your app and at the same time you have taken all the actions that were shortly mentioned above properly, then you can be sure that live push notifications will work too. Our goal in this tutorial is quite simple: The first thing I always do right before I get into the point of each tutorial is to provide some information regarding the demo app that we are about to implement. Also, quite often I give you a starter project to begin with, but not this time. All you have to do for the demo app of this tutorial, is to create a new iOS project in Xcode, and just stop there. Regarding the project name, feel free to set any value you wish. In my case, I titled it PNDemo. So, I take as granted that:. Now that you have created the demo project, put it aside for a few minutes, and get ready for the first step in the whole preparation process. In the window that comes up, you need to mandatorily fill in the User Email Address and Common Name fields. Besides that, click to the Saved to disk option so you are able to save the CSR file to disk, and use it later in the Apple Developer website. Click Continue and optionally choose a folder and a name for the CSR file right before you save it. The certificate we just requested for and saved to disk will be used to sign other certificates in the Apple Developer website. This App ID is going to uniquely identify our app amongst others, and it will help APN servers to properly route the notifications. To a new certificate for push notifications, and to a provisioning profile that will let us run the app on a test device. First things first, so begin by going to the Apple Developer Member Center. Provide your credentials, and get connected. By landing to the new webpage, click to the Identifiers link under the iOS Apps section:. For starters, we need to fill in two fields:. For the purpose of this tutorial, I just leave the default value. Personally, I always find it way better to set an explicit App ID than using the wildcard, no matter what the features of the app are meant to be. After having set the above values, scroll down until you reach the App Services area. Click to the checkbox to mark it as selected, and make sure twice that it is checked before you continue. Next, click to the Continue button, and wait for a confirmation page to show up. Verify that everything is okay, and then click to the Submit button to get finished. If you feel that something is wrong, then you can go back and change any of the previously set values. The last step here is to see the Registration Complete page. You might have noticed in the previous part that the status for both Development and Distribution mode is not marked as Enabled but as Configurable , even though we checked enabled the Push Notifications service during the App ID creation. That means that we need to take some extra actions so we can manage to switch to the proper state. In a real app you should definitely configure the Distribution mode, otherwise push notifications are not going to work when your app will go live to the App Store. Click it to proceed. In the next step scroll down until you see the Push Notifications section. Next, click to the Choose File… button so you can search for the CSR file that you generated in the first step. Finally, click to the Generate blue button that you can see in the following screenshot. Great, you just created a new certificate that will enable you to send push notifications in development sandbox mode. Now, you must download it and add it to the keychain the Keychain Access app on Mac , so proceed by clicking to the Download button. Make sure that the. You can skip setting a password simply by clicking to the OK button in the next window. If you set one, make sure to remember it or write it somewhere, because the file becomes unusable if you forget it. Note that in this tutorial we are not going to use the file you just exported. You are going to need it, however, in case you want to test push notifications from a server like Parse, where you have to provide the. So for now just keep that file along with the rest. Here we are going to register the device or devices that the app is going to be tested to in the Apple Developer website. If you have already done so in the past and your device is already listed there, then you can just skip this step. Supposing that you are going to add your device for first time here, what you have to initially do is to plug it to your Mac and then go to Xcode. Continue by clicking to your device to the left, so you see its details on the main window area. Double click on that value, and then copy it. Now go back to the Apple Developer website, and click to the All option under the Devices category. Any existing registered devices will be listed to the main window area. Click Continue , and in the next step make sure that the information you just provided is accurate. Once you are ready, click to the Register button to get finished with the guide. You can verify that your device has been added indeed to the list with the registered devices simply by clicking once again to the All option in the Devices category. Go through all entries until you find the one with the name you just entered. Any existing profiles will be shown to the main window side, and in a few minutes our new one will be added there as well. In the new form that appears, and for the sake of our example, select the iOS App Development option the first one by clicking on it. Anyway, once you select the proper option, use the Continue button to move to the next step. Locate and select the proper App ID value in the dropdown control and then move on. Next, you must include your iOS Development certificate to the provisioning profile supposing that you have at least one. Continue, and get ready to select the device or devices that the app is going to be run to. Lastly, give a name to your provisioning profile so you can distinguish it amongst others. Click Generate and wait for the next screen. All you have to do now is to follow the instructions of the above image, and double click to the file you just downloaded so as to be installed. We have two goals to achieve here:. So, bring the app in Xcode in front of you and select the project in the Project Navigator. Make sure that you are in the General tab. What you have to do is to go to the Team dropdown control, and select the proper team that will be used for provisioning. Provide the Apple ID and password matching to your Developer account, and click to the Add button to get finished. Going into the details of this process is out of our scope, therefore if you are unsure on what you should do please take a look at this link for a step by step guide. After you have successfully added your Apple ID, close the Preferences window and return to General tab so you select the proper team value. Next, click to the Capabilities tab and go to the Push Notifications section. All you have to do here is to just turn the switch on. As the message in the above screenshot says, by enabling the Push Notifications capability the proper entitlement is automatically added to the Info. Now open the Build Settings tab, and locate the Code Signing section. Expand the Provisioning Profile entry, and in the row titled Debug click to the Automatic value so as to display a list with all the existing provisioning profiles in your Developer account. Select the one with the name matching to the profile you downloaded and installed in the previous step. However, you mandatorily have to do that in the same fashion when you create and download the proper provisioning profile from the Apple Developer website. Similarly to what we just did, click to the iOS Developer or iPhone Developer value in the Debug row, and select a proper identity as shown next:. Do not forget that your identity matching to Distribution should be set in the Release row in a real app as well. Now click to the Target to the left side of the General tab, and select the Project:. Go to the Code Signing section, and follow the exact same steps as above. First select the correct provisioning profile for the Debug mode, and then the proper Code Signing Identity. We are going to begin by making the app register itself to iOS for push notifications and to explicitly specify the notification types we desire like for example badge , sound and alert message. Add the two lines shown right above the return true command:. Initially, we specify the notification types we desire for our app, and then we create a UIUserNotificationSettings object that will be used to register for push notifications. Even though both of those lines are important, the last is the one that really makes possible push notification to be received. The four lines we added in total in this part are pretty much a standard piece of code, so you can use it almost as is in your projects. Registering for push notification is important, but it consists of the half programming work we have to do only. The other half regards the implementation of some useful delegate methods that make your app properly respond to received notifications. It is called when the app successfully manages to register itself for push notifications. In normal conditions, the second parameter is vital, as it contains a unique key for each device, called device token. In real-world applications, you should send the device token to the server that originally sends the push notifications. The device token is in this form: If you are planning to use as a provider a solution that also gives you a framework to integrate and handle push notifications like Parse , then the framework guidelines will actually show you the kind of implementation you have to make. Anyway, as we are not meant to use a real server in the scope of this tutorial, all the above is just information that you definitely need to know so you act appropriately in real conditions. For now, we are going to show the device token to the console only. We need to know it, so we can test push notifications in a while. Registering successfully for push notifications is not something that we can be sure of. There may be reasons that make that effort fail. As you know, push notifications will appear on the device when the app is not in the foreground, however, it often happens notifications to be received while the app is running, and in that case you as a developer have to take the proper actions so to properly deal with them. In our demo, we will just show in the console the incoming information. In real apps however, this should definitely not be the approach you follow. For your reference, here is the link to the UIApplicationDelegate protocol documentation, where you can find more methods regarding the remote notifications. Considering that this post aims to guide you on how to get prepared for push notifications, the above three methods are good enough to get us covered. Testing push notifications was a hassle sometime ago, as the only way that had been available was either to write a command line script from scratch, or to find a ready script and change it according to the details of the app and the device. This solution still exists, but today there is a number of apps on the Mac App Store that have been designed for this job exactly. As you understand, this is the way that we are going to follow here. Actually, in most of them you have to specify three things only:. You can get the device token easily, as long as you run the demo app at least once and take a look at the console. What you should see is similar to that:. Apparently, you have to allow them if you want to test them. In the Payload field you specify the details of the push notification. For more information about the payload and all the possible values you can set, please visit the official documentation page. To set the proper value to the Certificate field, you must use the Browse button and search for the push notifications certificate for development if the Development is the selected option in the Gateway of course. All you have to do is to click to the Push button. Also, play around by changing the badge number, or enabling and disabling the sound so you verify that everything is working as expected. The second application that is being presented here as a tool called Easy APNs Provider , and you can find it here. This one is a free app too and it offers some extra options to play with and try more advanced aspects of push notifications such as additional data. To use it, begin from the Add tokens… buttons so you add the device token to the app. Once you do it, click first to the Add button so you see the device token be listed to the bottom side of the window. Optionally, you can set a name for the device by clicking to the left side of the token in the list. At the end click to the Confirm button. Continue by making sure that in the dropdown control right below the selected value is: You will see in the status that the app has been connected to the Apple Push Notification servers. Now, you have to prepare the payload of the push notification. For best demo reasons, you can select the Content, badge and sound option. Then fill in the fields in the form below with any values you desire for title, content, and badge. If you want to see the payload in raw mode JSON mode , click to the Raw tab, otherwise stay with the form which is a lot easier to handle. Finally, click to the 5. Send APN button to send the notification. As I said to the beginning of this part, you are not obliged to use the above two tools only. Make a search to the Mac App Store and find other apps that will possibly serve your needs in a better way. There were many steps that we went through in this tutorial, and many distinct actions we had to take. If you are reading this and you have successfully managed to send push notifications in sandbox mode, then you can be pretty much sure that live notifications will work as well. Gabriel has been a software developer for about two decades. He has long experience in developing software solutions for various platforms in many programming languages. Since middle he has been developing almost exclusively for iOS. Tutorials consist of the best way to share knowledge with people all over the world. In simple words, the lifecycle of a remote notification can be summed up as shown next: About the Demo App The first thing I always do right before I get into the point of each tutorial is to provide some information regarding the demo app that we are about to implement. So, at this point create a new iOS project and then, please keep going. So, I take as granted that: You have a paid Developer account, or you have at least access to such an account. In the opposite case, take a look here. You already have some knowledge what the payload of a notification is content, badge, sound, any additional data , and what you can do with it. To refresh your memory about notifications take a look here. The Certificate Signing Request Now that you have created the demo project, put it aside for a few minutes, and get ready for the first step in the whole preparation process. When the Keychain Access app opens by double clicking to the. If that happens, then just drag and drop the certificate to the login keychain. Author gabtheodor Gabriel Theodoropoulos.

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