Private Service

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Private Service Connect for Google APIs
Private Google Access for on-premises hosts
Private Service Connect for published services
Private services access is a private connection between your VPC network and a network owned by Google or a third party. Google or the third party, entities who are offering services, are also known as service producers. The private connection enables VM instances in your VPC network and the services that you access to communicate exclusively by using internal IP addresses. VM instances don't need internet access or external IP addresses to reach services that are available through private services access.
To learn more about private services access and other private access options, see Private Access Options for Services.
At a high level, to use private services access, you must allocate an IP address range (CIDR block) in your VPC network and then create a private connection to a service producer.
To establish a private connection, complete the following prerequisites:
Project owners and IAM members with the Compute Network Admin role (roles/compute.networkAdmin) can create allocated IP address ranges and manage private connections.
For more information about roles, read the VPC IAM roles documentation.
If you are using Shared VPC, create the allocated IP range and private connection in the host project. Typically, a network administrator in the host project must do these tasks. After the host project is set up, VM instances in service projects can use the private connection.
Because a private connection is implemented as a VPC peering connection, the same quota and limits that apply to VPC Network Peering also apply to private services access.
Before you create a private connection, you must allocate an IP address range to be used by the service producer's VPC network. This ensures that there's no IP address collision between your VPC network and the service producer's network. Create an allocated range for each service producer.
When you allocate a range in your VPC network, that range is ineligible for subnets (primary and secondary ranges) and destinations of custom static routes.
When a service producer creates a subnet on their side of the connection, an open range from the allocation is selected for the subnet's IP address range.
Each service producer requires a minimum IP address range size. For Google, the minimum size is a single /24 block (256 addresses), but the recommended size is a /16 block (65,536 addresses).
The size you choose depends on several factors, for example:
If you don't have a contiguous /16 block, you can start with a smaller allocation and add new ones if you need more IP addresses later.
When you establish a private connection and create a resource with a private IP address, the service creates a subnet in which to provision the resource. The service selects an available IP address range from the allocated range. You cannot select or modify the service producer's subnet IP address range. The subnet is deleted by the service only when you delete all resources in the subnet.
As you provision additional resources, the service provisions them in existing regional subnets that it previously created. If a subnet is full, the service creates a new one in that region.
Before you allocate an IP address range, consider the following constraints:
The following steps describe how to create an allocated IP address range.
Specify an IP range for the allocation:
Click Allocate to create the allocated range.
Create an allocated range in your VPC network.
To specify an address range and a prefix length (subnet mask), use the addresses and prefix-length flags. For example, to allocate the CIDR block 192.168.0.0/16, specify 192.168.0.0 for the address and 16 for the prefix length.
To specify just a prefix length (subnet mask), just use the prefix-length flag. When you omit the address range, Google Cloud automatically selects an unused address range in your VPC network. The following example selects an unused IP address range with a 16 bit prefix length.
Replace the following placeholders with relevant values:
RESERVED_RANGE_NAME: a name for the allocated range, such as my-allocated-range.
DESCRIPTION: a description for the range, such as allocated for my-service.
VPC_NETWORK the name of your VPC network, such as my-vpc-network.
The following example creates a private connection to Google so that the VM instances in the my-network VPC network can use private services access to reach Google services that support it.
You can list ranges with the --filter flag to see which ranges you can use for private services access. Filter for ranges with the purpose VPC_PEERING, as shown in the following example:
Before you delete an allocated IP address range, check that no private connection is using it. You can delete or modify an existing private connection to disassociate the allocated range. If you don't, existing connections remain active, but there's nothing preventing your VPC from using IP addresses that overlap with the service producer's network. Also, the service can't create new subnets because there's no allocated IP address range to select from.
Click Release to return the allocated IP address range to network's pool of available internal IP addresses.
If the allocated IP address range is still assigned to an existing connection, you must enter additional confirmation before you can release the allocation.
Click Release again to confirm the deletion.
Delete the allocation by specifying the name of your allocation.
After you create an allocated range, you can create a private connection to a service producer. The private connection establishes a VPC Network Peering connection between your VPC network and the service producer's network.
Private connections are a one-to-one relationship between your VPC network and a service producer. If a single service producer offers multiple services, you only need one private connection for all of the producer's services.
If a single service producer offers multiple services and you want to control which allocated ranges are used for different service resources, you can use multiple VPC networks each with their own private connections. This configuration lets you select a particular network when creating a new managed service resource to ensure that the associated allocated ranges are used for the new resource.
If you connect to multiple service producers, use a unique allocation for each service producer. This practice helps you manage your network settings, such as routes and firewall rules, for each service producer.
Replace the following placeholders with relevant values:
RESERVED_RANGE_NAME: the name of one or more allocated ranges.
VPC_NETWORK: the name of your VPC network.
PROJECT_ID: the ID of the project that contains your VPC network.
The command initiates a long-running operation, returning an operation name.
Check whether the operation was successful.
Replace OPERATION_NAME with the operation name that was returned from the previous step.
You can specify more than one allocated range when you create a private connection. For example, if a range has been exhausted, you can assign additional allocated ranges. The service will use IP addresses from all of the provided ranges in the order that you specified.
After you create a private connection, you can list it to check that it exists. The list also shows the list of allocated ranges that are associated with each connection. For example, if you don't remember which allocated range you assigned to a connection, view the list to find out.
List private connections in your VPC network.
Replace VPC_NETWORK and PROJECT_ID with the name of your VPC network and the project ID.
For existing private connections, you can add or remove allocated IP address ranges without disrupting traffic. For example, as you scale, you might add an allocated range if you're close to exhausting the existing one.
You cannot remove allocated IP ranges using Google Cloud Console. If you want to remove an allocated range, use the gcloud instructions to modify the connection. When you remove a range from a private connection, the following applies:
The allocated range is no longer associated with the private connection, but it is not deleted.
Existing service producer resources might continue to use the removed range.
Private services access will not use the removed ranges to allocate new subnets.
Add or remove assigned allocated IP address ranges on an existing private connection.
Replace the following placeholders with relevant values:
RESERVED_RANGE_NAME: a list of one or more names of allocated ranges to assign to the private connection.
RESERVED_RANGE_NAME replaces the previous list of allocated ranges. If you omit a range that was previously associated with this private connection, the range is removed from the connection. You must use the --force option to remove a range.
VPC_NETWORK: the name of your VPC network.
PROJECT_ID: is the name of your network's project ID.
Deleting a private connection does not delete the service that uses the connection. You must first delete all resources associated with the instances of the service that are using the connection. After you've deleted the resources, you can delete the private connection.
Delete the private connection's VPC Network Peering connection.
Replace the following placeholders with relevant values:
VPC_NETWORK the name of VPC network.
Cloud DNS private zones are private to your VPC network. If you want to let a service producer network resolve names from your private zone, you can configure DNS peering between the two networks.
When you configure DNS peering, you provide a VPC network and a DNS suffix. If the service producer needs to resolve an address with that DNS suffix, the service producer forwards those queries to your VPC network to be resolved.
These supported services support DNS peering, with the exception of Cloud SQL.
If you want to enable DNS peering, you must enable the Cloud DNS API in your project
Set up DNS peering between your VPC network and the service provider network.
Replace the following placeholders with relevant values:
PEERING_NAME: a name for this DNS peering configuration.
VPC_NETWORK: the name of your VPC network that is connected to the service producer using private services access.
DNS_SUFFIX: the DNS suffix you want to peer with the service producer. You must provide a complete DNS domain name, including the dot. For example, example.com. is a valid DNS suffix.
List the peered DNS domains in a VPC network.
Replace the following placeholders with relevant values:
Replace the following placeholders with relevant values:
PEERING_NAME: the name of the DNS peering configuration.
VPC_NETWORK: the name of the VPC network.
When you create a private connection with a service producer, you allocate an IP address range for them to use. If you use multiple services from a service producer, each service will reserve a chunk of IP addresses from that allocated range. You can check which services are using which IP addresses so that, for example, you can see which services are using large blocks of IP addresses and avoid IP address exhaustion.
To view which service is using a particular IP address range:
For a given private connection, if you exhaust your allocated IP address space, Google Cloud will return this error: Failed to create subnetwork. Couldn't find free blocks in allocated IP ranges.
You can expand the existing allocation or add new ones. The expanded allocation must be a contiguous IP address range that includes the existing range. Expanding an allocation is recommended because there's no limit on the size of an allocation, but there is a limit on the number of allocations that you can create.
To add allocated ranges to an existing private connection:
The service producer's network might not have the correct routes to direct traffic to your on-premises network. By default, the service producer's network only learns the subnet routes from your VPC network. Therefore, any request that's not from a subnet IP range is dropped by the service producer.
In your VPC network, update the peering connection to export custom routes to the service producer's network. Exporting routes sends all eligible static and dynamic routes that are in your VPC network, such as routes to your on-premises network, to the service producer's network. The service producer's network automatically imports them and then can send traffic back to your on-premises network through the VPC network.
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
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Service to an individual rather than to the community, state, etc.; (in later use) specifically domestic service in a private house.
Mid 17th century; earliest use found in Richard Brome (c1590–1652), playwright.
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