Private Key Ssl
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Private Key Ssl
How can I find my Certificate’s Private Key?
July 9, 2019
CSR and certificate installation related questions
You’ve received your SSL Certificate , and now you need to install it.
Firstly, let’s go through some basics. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) security is about using two unique keys: the Public Key is encrypted within your SSL Certificate, while the Private Key is generated on your server and kept secret.
All the information sent from a browser to a website server is encrypted with the Public Key, and gets decrypted on the server side with the Private Key. Together the key pair keeps communication secured, and one key will not work without the other.
The Private Key is generated with your Certificate Signing Request (CSR). The CSR is submitted to the Certificate Authority right after you activate your Certificate. The Private Key must be kept safe and secret on your server or device, because later you’ll need it for Certificate installation.
Note : all Certificates except Multi-Domains support Private Key generation in your browser. The key is always saved during SSL activation, we never receive this information. That’s why it’s important you save and back it up during the process if you use the in-browser automatic generation method. If the Private Key key file is lost, you’ll need to reissue your Certificate .
Can I generate a new Private Key for my Certificate if I lose the old one?
Yes. You can generate a new private key and CSR , or use the automatic CSR and key generation during Certificate reissue (this option is available for all Certificates except for the Multi-Domains).
What does the Private Key look like?
It looks like a block of encoded data, starting and ending with headers, such as —–BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY—– and —–END RSA PRIVATE KEY—–.
You may not get to see this code when generating your CSR . Usually, it gets generated in the background with the CSR, and is automatically saved on your server. The system also fills the corresponding field automatically during installation of your Certificate in some control panels, such as cPanel.
The way this works varies depending on your web server, control panel, or any other tools used for CSR generation. Select the one that applies to you in the following section for specific guidance.
Normally, the CSR/RSA Private Key pairs on Linux-based operating systems are generated using the OpenSSL cryptographic engine, and saved as files with “.key” or “.pem” extensions on the server.
But no specific extensions are mandatory for text files in Linux, so the key file may have any name and extension, or no extension at all.
If you remember the whole name of the key file or at least part of it, you can use the following command in your console to find the file and its directory:
The slash symbol in this command implies that the search begins from the root directory of the server. This way you have more file options to view. The name of the file in between the single quotation marks should be the part of the name that you remember. To search for the file by extension, enter “*.key” to view all the files with the “.key” extension on your server.
Tip: often the name of the file corresponds to the domain name it was generated for e.g. “domain_tld.key” or “domain.tld.pem”.
Here’s another useful command that lets you search files by their content:
This command will return the absolute path to the Private Key file if it’s located on your server.
Windows servers don’t let you view the Private Key in plain text format. When you import your Certificate via MMC or IIS, the Private Key is bound to it automatically if the CSR/Key pair has been generated on the same server.
If you need to obtain the Private Key to install your Certificate on a different server, you can export the key in a password protected PFX (PKCS#12) file. To do that, open the MMC Certificates snap-in tools following these steps:
Win+R >> mmc.exe >> OK >> File >> Add/Remove Snap-in >> Certificates >> Add >> Computer account >> Next >> Local computer >> Finish >> OK
Next, go to Certificate Enrollment Requests >> Certificates (if you haven’t completed the Certificate request yet). If you’ve done that, you’d select Personal >> Certificates , then right-click the Certificate >> select All Tasks >> Export . The Export wizard will open, and give you instructions. You can find more detailed instructions here .
Once that’s done, you will see the .pfx file containing your Certificate, CA-Bundle, and Private Key. To extract the key, use this tool . Choose the PKCS12 to PEM option, then upload the file and enter your chosen password.
The Keychain tool in the Server application of Mac OS X won’t allow you to access the Private Key via the graphic user interface. Instead use the Terminal, by opening /etc/certificates/ directory and clicking the file.
Its name should be something like “*.key.pem”. And the terminal commands to open the file are: cd /etc/certificates/ , then ls , and sudo nano test.key.pem .
Note : to check if the Private Key matches your Certificate, go here . Then paste the Certificate and the Private Key text codes into the required fields and click Match .
If your Tomcat SSL connector is configured in JSSE style, the Private Key must be in a password-protected keystore file with a .jks or .keystore extension. This file, unlike most other cases, is created before the CSR. To extract the Private Key, you’ll need to convert the keystore into a PFX file with the following command:
After the PKCS12 file is generated, you can convert it to a PEM file with separated CRT, CA-Bundle and KEY files using this tool . Alternatively, use the following command in the terminal:
“Private.key” can be replaced with any key file title you like.
WHM stores your private keys and CSR codes in the SSL Storage Manager menu. On the homepage, click SSL/TLS >> SSL Storage Manager . To view the Private Key, click the magnifier icon next to the relevant key in the Key column.
Click Domains >> your domain >> SSL/TLS Certificates . You’ll see a page like the one shown below. The key icon with the message “Private key part supplied” means there is a matching key on your server.
To get it in plain text format, click the name and scroll down the page until you see the key code. Alternatively, click the green arrow icon on the right. This will download a PEM file, containing your Private Key, Certificate and CA-Bundle files (if they were previously imported to the server). The files can be opened in any text editor, such as Notepad.
When generating a CSR in Synology DSM , the Private Key is provided to you in a zip file on the last step. The key code is contained within a server.key file, that can be opened with a text editor, such as Notepad.
Webmin works as a graphic user interface (GUI) on top of the command-line interface. There is also a file manager called Filemin, that you can use to browse the server file system and find your Private Key file. Alternatively, go to Others >> Command Shell and run the find or grep command, which you can find in the Linux Operating Systems section above.
Your Private Key needs to be saved during CSR generation, as it will not be available via the graphic user interface.
That said, you may be able to retrieve your Private Key via SSH. It is saved as a temporary file in the “/tmp” folder. The path to the file will look something like this: “/tmp/tmp.npAnkmWFcu/domain.com.key”.
Note: the files in the /tmp directory are deleted every time your server is rebooted, so this is not a safe place to store your Private Key.
To get the path to your key file, use this Linux command:
Where you see “domain.com”, replace this with the actual domain name you generated the CSR for.
The path to your key file can also be found using the grep command:
In the up-to-date version of DirectAdmin, your Private Key is saved on the server. Access it in the “Paste a pre-generated Certificate and key” field during installation.
If that section is empty, it may mean the CSR and key were generated elsewhere, or the key was not saved in DirectAdmin due to a glitch. If a glitch happened, try retrieving the key via SSH. Usually it is saved in this directory:
/usr/local/directadmin/data/users//domains/.key
Note: and are your DirectAdmin details.
On the homepage, find the SSL management section by clicking the Private Keys button. This will display a list of all the Private Keys generated in Webuzo. To see the key code, click the pencil icon to the right under the Option column, as shown in the screenshot below:
To sum up, ways to find your private key fully depend on the interface of the web server where you generate the CSR. If the methods described above did not help you find the private key for your certificate, the only solution would be to generate a new CSR/private key pair and reissue your certificate and to make sure that the key is saved on your server/local computer this time.
Lost Private key | SSL Wiki
How can I find my Certificate’s Private Key ? – HelpDesk | SSLs.com
openssl - How to generate SSL certificate with private key ?
FAQ – What Is a Private Key ? – SSL Information and FAQ
OpenSSL Tutorial: How Do SSL Certificates, Private Keys , & CSRs Work?
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Asked
9 years, 7 months ago
Active
9 years, 7 months ago
How did you save your certificate? (p12 or pfx perhaps?)
– Bruno
Jun 30 '11 at 18:24
what do you mean by save Bruno? I exported certificate from glassfish then imported it to windows from MMC. I'm pretty much following this turorial dlc.sun.com.edgesuite.net/javaee5/screencasts/wstx-screencast-1 from 23:05 a part with certificates starts... when you see the WS-AT tab it's the part when everything fails..
– user505660
Jun 30 '11 at 18:33
I meant "save" as "export" if you want: how was the certificate created and/or how did you get hold of the certificate (and of its private key) in the first place? Was it generated inside a browser or using a certificate request (CSR)? If it was with a CSR, where was the private key? What has Glassfish to do with it? Are you using that cert (with its private key) on an existing Glassfish server? If so, is it in a JKS or P12 keystore for example?
– Bruno
Jun 30 '11 at 18:38
From what I've seen, you shouldn't need a private key for this certificate on the Windows side. Is it complaining about your "Endpoint certificate" instead?
– Bruno
Jun 30 '11 at 18:44
This should be of interest: social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en/… You might not need to generate a CA (a self-signed cert might be enough), but you'll probably need the makecert options for "Enhanced Key Usage" as mentioned.
– Bruno
Jun 30 '11 at 19:28
7,078 3 3 gold badges 29 29 silver badges 43 43 bronze badges
Very hopeful comment. As Bruno suggested in comments I generated certificate according to social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en/… and I am using it for the SSL connection. I also added it to trusted certificates on glassfish side (and I added glassfish' certificate to windows stores...). Consumer sees the web service however any operation results in javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException so there must be still something off about my configuration... thanks again for the help
– user505660
Jun 30 '11 at 20:13
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When I try to configure WS-AT transactions on windows the system claims I cannot use particular SSL certificate because it has no private key. I tried self signed certificate and one provided by StartSSL - no luck.
I think thanks to extensions it is possible to create certificate with attached private key, the question is is there such tool? Or is there a piece of software that can export it from glassfish keystore?
From what I see in the screencast you noted in your comments, the tiny.cer is the server certificate that you import on the Windows side. You don't need the private key of that certificate, on the Windows side.
The mrbean.cer is the certificate that you import to the jks on the server side. You don't need the private key of that certificate on the server side either.
Which system is complaining about a lack of private key? If it's the Windows side, then look at the certificate details in the MMC Certificates snap-in. At 25:26 in the screencast, you can see the certificate details of the tini.east.sun.com certificate. Note that there is no private key associated with the certificate. This is fine.
What the screencast doesn't show (or I didn't see it scanning through it quickly) are the details of the mrbean certificate, on the Windows side. On the Windows system you need the private key, if you are using the mrbean certificate to connect using SSL to the server. For that certificate on your Windows system, the certificate details tab should show a small icon of a key and the text, "You have a private key that corresponds to this certificate." (The private key isn't actually part of the certificate -- it's stored separately.)
You don't need to export this private key or copy it to the server, in fact, you do NOT want to copy the private key to the server. You want the private key of the mrbean certificate kept safely on the Windows system.
However, if you are using it to connect, as the client certificate for an SSL connection, then there must be a private key showing in the MMC snap-in, and, additionally, the Windows account that is doing the SSL connecting MUST have access to the private key. When you import the client certificate (mrbean) on the Windows side, the Windows account you are logged in as will have access to the private key, but if the code doing the connecting is running under a different Windows account, it does not.
In the MMC snap-in, right click on the certificate (mrbean) and select "All Tasks -> Manage Private Keys". From there, you can give Read access to the Windows account that is doing the SSL connecting. (Be careful -- whoever you give read access to the private key to, can use the certificate to connect via SSL using that certificate.)
So I'm not sure this is the problem, but if it is the Windows side complaining about a lack of private key, and you need a client certificate for an SSL connection, then check that (a) you have a private key associated with the certificate, and (b) the Windows account that needs to use the certificate to connect out via SSL has access to the private key. You can check both things in the MMC snap-in on the Windows system.
Don't copy either private key (client or server) in either direction.
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