Pretty Baby Length

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Pretty Baby Length
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1978 US historical drama film by Louis Malle
April 5, 1978 ( 1978-04-05 ) (United States)
Brooke Shields as Violet
Keith Carradine as E. J. Bellocq
Susan Sarandon as Hattie
Frances Faye as Nell
Antonio Fargas as The Professor
Matthew Anton as "Red Top"
Diana Scarwid as Frieda
Barbara Steele as Josephine
Seret Scott as Flora
Cheryl Markowitz as Gussie
Susan Manskey as Fanny
Laura Zimmerman as Agnes
Miz Mary as Odette
Gerrit Graham as "Highpockets"
Mae Mercer as Mama Mosebery
^ "Brooke Shields talks about her hard-drinking mama in memoir" . nypost.com . 12 November 2014 . Retrieved 2022-01-30 .
^ Jump up to: a b "BBFC Case Study: Pretty Baby (1978)" . 4 August 2020.
^ Jump up to: a b McMurran, Kristen. "Pretty Brooke" Archived 2016-09-25 at the Wayback Machine , People (May 29, 1978).
^ Jones, Derek (2015-05-22). Censorship: A World Encyclopedia . p. 807. ISBN 9781136798641 . Retrieved 2016-01-11 .
^ "The Kubrick Site: Censorship of Kubrick's Films in South Africa" . Late in 1983, the DOP reviewed a number of films and released them on circuit. In some cases, as for example Louis Malle's Pretty Baby, the film had been banned and never screened before
^ "Rewind DVD comparison" .
^ Pretty Baby , Internet Movie Database. Accessed May 6, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b " Pretty Baby (1978)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
^ Canby, Vincent. "Critic's Pick: Pretty Baby ," The New York Times (April 5, 1978).
^ Jump up to: a b Ebert, Roger. " Pretty Baby ," (June 1, 1978).
^ Variety Staff. " Pretty Baby " Variety (January 1, 1978). Accessed May 6, 2010.
^ The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made. The New York Times via Internet Archive . Published April 29, 2003. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
^ "Festival de Cannes: Pretty Baby" . festival-cannes.com . Retrieved May 21, 2009 .
Pretty Baby is a 1978 American historical drama film directed by Louis Malle , and starring Brooke Shields , Keith Carradine , and Susan Sarandon . The screenplay was written by Polly Platt . The plot focuses on a 12-year-old prostitute in the red-light district of New Orleans soon after the beginning of the 20th century.
The title of the film is inspired by the Tony Jackson song " Pretty Baby ", which is used in the soundtrack. Although the film was mostly praised by critics, it caused significant controversy due to its depiction of child prostitution and the nude scenes of Brooke Shields, who was 12 years old at the time of filming.
In 1917, during the last months of legal prostitution in Storyville , the red-light district of New Orleans, Louisiana , Hattie is a prostitute working at an elegant brothel run by the elderly, cocaine-sniffing Madame Nell. Hattie has given birth to a baby boy and has a 12-year-old daughter, Violet, who lives in the house. When photographer Ernest J. Bellocq comes with his camera, Hattie and Violet are the only people awake. He asks to be allowed to take photographs of the women. Madame Nell agrees only after he offers to pay.
Bellocq becomes a fixture in the brothel, photographing the prostitutes, mostly Hattie. His activities fascinate Violet, though she believes he is falling in love with her mother, which makes her jealous. Violet is a restless child, frustrated by the long, precise process Bellocq must go through to compose and take pictures.
Nell decides that Violet is old enough for her virginity to be auctioned off. After a bidding war among regulars, Violet is bought by an apparently quiet customer. Hattie, meanwhile, aspires to escape prostitution. She marries a customer and leaves for St. Louis without her daughter, whom her husband believes to be her sister. Hattie promises to return for Violet, once she's settled and has broken the news to the new spouse.
Violet runs away from the brothel after being punished for some hijinks. She appears on Bellocq's doorstep and asks him if he will sleep with her and take care of her. He initially says no, but then he takes her in and commences having a sexual relationship with the child. In many ways, their relationship resembles one between a parent and child, with Bellocq standing in for Violet's absent mother. Bellocq even buys Violet a doll, telling her that "every child should have a doll". Bellocq is entranced by Violet's beauty, youth, and photogenic face. She is frustrated by Bellocq's devotion to his photography and lack of care for her as a dependent, as much as he is frustrated by the reality that she is a child.
Violet eventually returns to Nell's after quarreling with Bellocq, but social reform groups are forcing the brothels of Storyville to close. Bellocq arrives to wed Violet, ostensibly to protect her from the larger world.
Two weeks after the wedding, Hattie and her husband arrive from St. Louis to collect Violet, claiming that her marriage is illegal without their consent. Bellocq does not want to let Violet go. Violet asks if he will go with her and her family. Upon hearing that she does in fact want to go with them, he lets her leave without him, realizing that schooling and a more conventional life will benefit her greatly.
Following her acclaimed performance as a child prostitute in Taxi Driver (1976), the studio was keen on casting Jodie Foster as Violet. However, Malle rejected the idea as he thought the role should be played by a 12-year-old only, and Foster was 14.
Brooke Shields maintains that it was no big deal to shoot her nude scenes. "I did not experience any distress or humiliation," she writes. What she does remember was trying not to look as if "I'd just sucked on a lemon" before her on-screen kiss with 29-year-old Keith Carradine ("Keith was so kind," she writes) and being soundly slapped – on-screen and for real – by Susan Sarandon . [1]
ABC Records released a soundtrack of the film's ragtime score, which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adaptation Score in the "Adaptation Score" category.
Pretty Baby received an R rating in the United States, an X rating in the United Kingdom (18 following a change to the ratings system), [2] and an R18+ rating in Australia, for nudity and sexual content. Continuing controversy over Shields's nude scenes resulted in the film being banned in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Saskatchewan until 1995. Gossip columnist Rona Barrett called the film " child pornography ", and director Louis Malle was described as a "combination of Lolita ' s Humbert Humbert and (by that point) controversial director Roman Polanski ". [3] In Argentina, the film, along with another of Paramount's recent releases ( Looking for Mr. Goodbar ), was banned under the regime of Jorge Rafael Videla during that country's last civil/military dictatorship due in large part to the "pornographic" content that was present in both films. [4] For five years, the film was also banned by the apartheid regime in South Africa. [5]
In addition to the issue of child prostitution, the scenes involving a nude 12-year-old Brooke Shields were controversial. [3] The BBFC originally censored two scenes for the film's cinema release in the UK to remove nudity, but the uncut version was released on DVD in 2006. [2] This same uncut print is the basis of the Region 1 and Region 2 DVD editions worldwide. [6]
Pretty Baby earned $5.8 million in the United States. [7]
The film received mostly positive reviews from critics. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 71% of 28 critics had given the film a positive review, with a rating average of 6.88/10. [8]
In his New York Times review Vincent Canby wrote: "Mr. Malle, the French director ... has made some controversial films in his time but none, I suspect, that is likely to upset convention quite as much as this one – and mostly for the wrong reasons. Though the setting is a whorehouse, and the lens through which we see everything is Violet, who ... herself becomes one of Nell's chief attractions, Pretty Baby is neither about child prostitution nor is it pornographic." Canby ended his review with the claim that Pretty Baby is "... the most imaginative, most intelligent, and most original film of the year to date." [9]
Similarly, Chicago Sun-Times critic Roger Ebert , who gave the film three stars out of four, discussed how "... Pretty Baby has been attacked in some quarters as child porn. It's not. It's an evocation of a time and a place and a sad chapter of Americana ." [10] He also praised Shields's performance, writing that she "... really creates a character here; her subtlety and depth are astonishing." [10]
On the other hand, Variety wrote that "the film is handsome, the players nearly all effective, but the story highlights are confined within a narrow range of ho-hum dramatization." [11] Mountain Xpress critic Ken Hanke, looking at the film from the perspective of 2003, said of Pretty Baby : "It was once shocking and dull. Now it's just dull." [8]
The New York Times placed the film on its Best 1000 Movies Ever list. [12]
The film won the Technical Grand Prize at the 1978 Cannes Film Festival . [13]
Development / By
Joshua Bartlett
/ Last Updated on September 15, 2022
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From the minute you find out you’re pregnant, one of the biggest things on your mind is whether your baby is growing and developing on schedule. Even after they’re born, your baby’s size can help doctors determine if your little one is healthy. But what size should your baby be, exactly?
The average newborn weighs about 7.6 pounds and is 19.5 inches long. By her first birthday, she will have grown to 21.5 pounds and 29.2 inches. A typical newborn is likely to be between 5.5 and 8.4 pounds, although many factors including gender, genetics, gestation, and even birth order can affect her weight without long-term negative effects.
While useful, averages are still just generalizations. Keep reading to learn about what can influence your baby’s height and weight, and when your little one’s growth patterns might indicate a problem.
Newborns usually weigh around 7.6 pounds and are 19.5 inches long. After birth, it’s common for babies to lose a bit of weight before beginning to pack on the pounds.
Over the course of your child’s first year of life, you’ll make many visits to the pediatrician for “well-child checks.” These doctor’s visits help your pediatrician keep an eye on your baby and make sure he or she is growing and developing as predicted. At each visit, the pediatrician will likely weigh and measure your baby and use their measurements to help determine if there might be any health problems to worry about.
At a well-child visit, your pediatrician might mention your baby’s “growth chart.” A growth chart tracks your little one’s growth and compares it to the average weights and heights of other babies at the same age.
Growth charts are helpful because they provide a range of completely healthy heights and weights. The most important thing to consider is whether your baby is following their growth curve; that is, if the slope of their graph looks the way it’s supposed to.
Some babies are just small, so their measurements might be toward the lower end of the ‘healthy’ range. Some babies are bigger, so they’d show up on the higher end of the range.
Even though growth charts can be very helpful, it’s important to remember that they’re still just a tool to help determine the overall health of your baby. Some children consistently fall outside of the average range of heights and weights but are completely healthy.
So, if your little one isn’t perfectly average, don’t panic! Your pediatrician will let you know if there’s any reason for concern.
Before we jump into the specifics, here is a big chart with all of the data we collected!
Birth weight is a crucial indicator of your newborn baby’s health. According to data taken from thousands of births across the United States, the average weight of a newborn is 7.6 pounds (3.4 kg). The average length of a newborn is 19.5 inches (49.5 cm).
An average doesn’t mean that every newborn should weigh exactly 7.6 pounds, though. Most healthy newborns usually fall in a weight range between 5.5 and 8.4 pounds. A ‘low-birth-weight’ baby would be born smaller than 5.5 pounds, while a ‘high-birth-weight’ baby would be born weighing more than 8.4 pounds.
Many factors can influence your baby’s size at birth:
It’s normal for babies to lose up to 5%-10% of their birth weight !
Babies are born with extra fluid, which is lost across the first few days of life. Two weeks after birth, a baby should have returned to his original birth weight.
If you’re worried that your little one is losing too much weight, keep track of their eating and peeing schedule.
Newborns should eat every 3 hours or so. Each nursing session should last for at least 10 minutes. If your baby is eating formula, they should drink 3-4 ounces at each feeding. Newborns should have around 6-8 wet diapers a day by 3 to 5 days of age.
If your baby seems dehydrated or is refusing to eat, call your doctor.
Your baby’s first doctor’s appointment usually comes at the 2-week mark. Your pediatrician will check to make sure your little one is back up to their original birth weight (your baby’s length probably won’t have changed very much since they were born).
If your baby isn’t back to their original birth weight, it means they aren’t eating enough. If you’re exclusively breastfeeding, your pediatrician might recommend you see a lactation consultant to help with any difficulties you and your baby might have encountered. The doctor might also recommend supplementing with high-calorie formula to help your little one gain back their weight more quickly.
A baby’s average weight at one month is 10.2 pounds (4.6 kg), while their average length is 22.4 inches (55.9 cm). A baby usually gains one pound between birth and their 1-month checkup.
A baby’s average weight at two months is 11.9 pounds (5.4 kg), while their average length is 23.1 inches (58.8 cm). Babies can gain around 1-2 pounds and 1-2 inches this month!
A baby’s average weight at three months is 13.4 pounds (6.1 kg), while their average length is 24.1 inches (61.2 cm). As your baby continues to get older, their growth rate will slow.
A baby’s average weight at four months is 14.8 pounds (6.7 kg), while their average length is 24.9 inches (63.4 cm).
Beginning this month, your baby’s growth will likely even out. She’ll be gaining around 1 pound or so each month until she’s 7 months old.
A baby’s average weight at five months is 16 pounds (7.3 kg), while their average length is 25.7 inches (65.3 cm). Your baby will likely be double his birth weight by the time he hits 5 months.
A baby’s average weight at six months is 17.2 pounds (7.8 kg), while their average length is 26.3 inches (67 cm). At six months, your baby will likely be growing 1-2 centimeters each month.
A baby’s average weight at seven months is 18.3 pounds (8.3 kg), while their average length is 26.9 inches (68 cm). Baby girls tend to be smaller than boys, so keep that in mind while looking at the average across both genders.
A baby’s average weight at eight months is 19.1 pounds (8.7 kg), while their average length is 27.5 inches (70 cm). Your baby will likely go through several growth spurts during their first year, so don’t be surprised if they seem to gain two inches overnight!
A baby’s average weight at nine months is 19.8 pounds (9 kg), while their average length is 28.1 inches (71.4 cm). At nine months, your little one should be eating lots of solids in addition to their breast milk or formula. Make sure you’re feeding your baby nutritious foods: too many added sugars or fats can lead to unhealthy weight gain.
A baby’s average weight at ten months is 20.7 pounds (9.4 kg), while their average length is 28.6 inches (72.4 cm). Your baby is probably moving and grooving by now, so you might notice a slight dip in their weight gain as they burn more calories.
A baby’s average weight at eleven months is 21.6 pounds (9.8 kg), while their average length is 29.1 inches (74.1 cm). As your baby approaches their 1st birthday, they should be packing on around 3 ounces every week.
By your baby’s 1st birthday, he or she will likely weigh almost 3 times their original birth weight! A baby’s average weight at twelve months is 22.3 pounds (10.1 kg), while their average length is 29.6 inches (75.3 cm).
Although your little one’s growth will continue to slow as they move past their first birthday, it won’t be long before your teensy little newborn is a full-fledged toddler.
Just like many factors influence a baby’s birth weight, many factors can affect your baby’s growth during their first year.
Much of a baby’s growth is determined by factors outside of your control (genetics, gender, etc.), but there are certain things you can do to ensure your baby stays on-track in their growth and development.
Although high school biology wasn’t always the easiest course to pay attention to, you probably still remember that genes control what an individual looks like.
There are more than 700 different genes that can determine a person’s height, influencing such things as growth hormones and the movement of growth plates. When it comes to height, scientists believe that genetic makeup (DNA) is actually responsible for 80% of a person’s height! So, if your family has ‘tall’ genes, your baby will probably be tall.
Genes also play a key role in determining your baby’s weight. Some families consistently give birth to 10-pound babies, while other families are known for small newborns.
Genes are tricky things: recessive genes mean that a baby’s height and weight can still be pretty unpredictable throughout their life.
Even extra small babies can grow to be the tallest in their family, and a chunky newborn doesn’t mean the baby will grow up to be heavy.
Even from birth, boys tend to be taller than girls. Your child’s pediatrician will use a gender-specific growth chart to ensure that your child, whether male or female, is growing appropriately.
In the United States, newborn boys were 19.7 inches (49.9 cm) long, while newborn girls were 19.4 inches (49.3 cm) long. Half an inch difference doesn’t seem like much, but the height difference continues to grow as kids get older and go through puberty.
During puberty, boys generally start their growth spurts a year later than girls , but they can continue growing in height until the age of 18 or older. Boys also tend to grow faster than girls as they enter puberty, which leads to a taller average height in men than in women.
Although it’s not always the case, boys are also likely to be heavier than girls throughout their life. This weight difference can be seen right from the beginning, with a higher reported birth weight among newborn boys. The same genes that determine biological sex also influence body composition, so adult men usually weigh more than adult women.
Without good nutrition, your baby’s body won’t have the building blocks it needs to grow to its full potential.
Nutrition is one factor affecting your child’s growth that you can control, so it’s important you make good nutritional choices that will set your child up for a healthy future.
Before birth, a mother’s nutritional intake plays a huge role in the growth of her baby. After birth, it’s crucial that a baby continue to receive adequate nutrition in order to grow and develop as expected. For their first year of life, breast milk or formula provides all the vitamins and minerals your little one needs to thrive.
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