Pregnant Germany

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Starting a family in a foreign country can be an unsettling prospect. Luckily, as with all aspects of German healthcare, the standard of care is very high. If you have discovered you are pregnant or you are trying for a baby, the below gives an overview of what to expect when you’re expecting in Germany.
The first step for any expectant mother should be to make sure that you are covered by German health insurance. Statutory health insurance provides comprehensive cover for expectant mothers, everything from check-ups to childbirth. If you have private health insurance, you should check with your provider to see exactly what is covered.
If you discover you’re pregnant, your first step should be to make an appointment with your gynaecologist (Frauenarzt). You can normally make an appointment directly with them, but you may need a referral from your regular doctor (GP). This appointment normally takes place around eight weeks after conception. If you are working in Germany, you can request a confirmation of pregnancy (Schwangerschaftsbestätigung) to present to your employer.
After this, you will attend 12 regular check-up appointments: one every four weeks until week 32 and then every two weeks thereafter. Your employer is obliged to give you time off to attend these appointments. Routine care usually includes:
After your first appointment, you will receive a document known as a Mutterpass (mother’s passport). This is an important piece of paperwork where the results of all of your tests are recorded. You must keep it safe and bring it with you to every doctor’s appointment. You also need to bring it to the hospital when you give birth.
In Germany, you have three options for giving birth:
Most hospitals offer an information evening (Infoabend), during which prospective patients are able to have a look around the facilities, meet with the staff and ask questions. Once you have made your decision, it is a good idea to pre-register with your chosen hospital so that all arrangements can be made in advance. You will need your Mutterpass, your passport, and possibly a copy of your birth certificate (and marriage certificate, if you are married).
Towards the end of your pregnancy (or sometimes earlier), you will start meeting regularly with a midwife (Hebamme). They will come to your home, administer check-ups, and support you before, during and after the birth of your child. A midwife is usually the responsible person at your child’s birth, although it may not be the same midwife who administers your home visits.
You can select your own midwife, or be assigned one by your doctor. It is worth searching for one in advance (usually at around 12-15 weeks), as many can only take on a few patients at a time. In larger German cities, it is usually possible to find English-speaking midwives. The website Hebammensuche allows you to search for midwives according to location, language ability and specialism.
You should complete a prenatal course (Schwangerschaftsvorbereitung or Geburtsvorbereitung) four weeks before your due date. There are many different types of courses in Germany. You can either take them at your chosen hospital, or through an alternative provider such as the German Red Cross.
There are several different types of courses, i.e. for first-time parents or single parents, and usually English-language options as well. Your hospital or midwife will able to advise you on the courses available to you locally.
Maternity leave is more of a requirement than a right in Germany - from six weeks before birth to eight weeks after (longer in the case of multiple or premature births). During this time, if you are employed, you continue to be treated as an “active employee” and receive your full salary as part of your maternity benefit. After your maternity leave period ends, you can apply for parental leave.
If you wish to take maternity leave and parental leave (your partner is also entitled), you need to inform both your employer and your health insurance fund in advance. It is wise to take care of this at least several weeks before you intend to go on leave.
If you think you are in labour, you need to go to your chosen hospital. Call ahead to let them know you’re coming, and bring your Mutterpass. You will be examined to make sure you are actually in labour and, if so, you will be checked into a birthing room (Kreißsaal).
After the birth, you will be given some time to recover before being taken back to the ward with your baby. A standard hospital stay following birth is between three and seven days in Germany (or up to 14 in the case of a caesarean section), but you are permitted to request early release. During these days you will be regularly checked on by nurses, who can assist you with breastfeeding and bathing. Your baby will undergo several tests to make sure they are healthy.
After the birth, you will continue to receive regular visits from your midwife to check on both you and the baby. Before leaving the hospital, you need to make sure to collect some important pieces of paperwork:
Your new baby needs to be registered at the registry office (Standesamt) within seven days of the birth in order to receive a birth certificate and a tax ID (even babies get them in Germany!) Once you have a birth certificate you can also apply for child benefit and a passport for your child.
As new parents, both you and your partner are entitled to Germany’s generous parental allowance.
Children born in Germany need to be registered at the Standesamt; info on required documents, acknowledging paternity and registering a child born abroad.
Information on birth certificates (Geburtsurkunde) in Germany: how to get a birth certificate, replace a lost one and international birth certificates.
Everything expats need to know about family life in Germany: marriage, divorce & separation, pregnancy & childbirth, birth certificates and parental leave.
If you're thinking of getting married in Germany, find out about the requirements, documents, registry office (Standesamt) application and the ceremony.
How to claim child benefits (Kindergeld), including all the eligibility requirements, how to apply, payment amounts, age limit and tax-free allowances info.
Information for expats on maternity benefit in Germany (Mutterschaftsgeld): statutory maternity leave and pay, eligibility requirements and how to apply.
New parents may qualify for the German parental allowance (Elterngeld or ElterngeldPlus). Check the payments value, requirements and application process.
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All you need to know about having a baby in Germany, from finding a gynecologist to delivery costs, postnatal classes, German birth certificates and citizenship, maternity leave, health insurance for new mothers and child benefits and allowances.
If you’re having a baby in Germany, you’ll find that the German healthcare system is high-quality. It offers a great deal in terms of clinical care to ensure the best possible outcomes for parents and their newborn. We explain what you need to know when giving birth in Germany and what services are available.
This guide explains each stage of childbirth in Germany:
Cigna Global provides comprehensive health insurance to over 86 million customers in over 200 countries. They have a wide access to trusted hospitals, clinics and doctors and provide expats with help on tailoring a plan to suit your individual healthcare needs.
Approximately 785,000 babies were born in Germany in 2017, with a total fertility rate of 1.57 children per woman. Data from the nation’s Federal Statistical Office shows that nearly every fourth child born in Germany the previous year had a foreign mother. One in five German residents has foreign roots.
Having a baby in Germany combines the best of birth worlds. Expectant mothers learn about essential oils and feel-good home remedies, but also have access to the latest technology. While midwives (Hebammen) are your essential point of contact, expect to have at least three and up to nine ultrasound tests during pregnancy. At all points, expect to receive a barrage of information about the process, what you’re going through, and more. German law requires medical professionals to advise patients of what they’re dealing it.
Women can give birth in a hospital, birth house or at home, with all the options covered by health insurance. Private maternity options are also available for foreigners who want a risk-free delivery. Anyone living in Germany will need to be registered with a German health insurance scheme to have costs covered. If you’re also working in Germany and paying into the German social security scheme, you may claim maternity leave. There are also other benefits available once you have a baby in Germany, such as child benefits and childcare allowances.
After giving birth in Germany, you must arrange your baby’s registration and apply for a German birth certificate. A child born on German soil or to German parents can claim German citizenship if they meet certain conditions.
In Germany, both state-funded and private health insurance schemes cover an annual visit to the gynecologist (Frauenarzt) for every woman over the age of 20. You can choose to either consult the same gynecologist you see every year or book an appointment with another, either through your GP or by ringing one close to you.
Once they’ve decided they want to have a baby, many German women also visit their gynecologist for advice on conception.
Keep in mind that gynecologists and obstetricians are different professionals in Germany. Pre-natal checkups are carried out by your gynecologist, but they will only attend a birth if they’re registered with your hospital of choice. An obstetrician will only attend the birth if there are complications.
Expatica’s guide on visiting a specialist in Germany covers how to go about the process.
Your state German health insurance will typically cover the basic costs of pregnancy and childbirth. You may, however, find additional costs for some of the paperwork for giving birth in Germany. If you give birth in a private hospital, check what your private health insurance covers or what costs you must incur for the baby’s delivery and care.
Some of the largest health insurance companies in Germany, called Krankenkassen, include:
You can compare private health insurance providers in Germany and get free quotes on our special Expatica health insurance page.
Think you might be pregnant? In Germany, you need a Schwangerschaftstest! A standard urine test is available at a supermarket or pharmacy (Apotheke); in the major cities, you’ll find them at vending machines at train stations! Such tests have an accuracy rate of about 98% and are accurate from the first day your period is due. There are also tests you can use earlier – ask the pharmacist which works for you.
If your test’s positive or you don’t want to fiddle about, your gynecologist can do a more comprehensive blood test. Like urine tests, these look for the beta HCG hormone; the placenta produces this, but blood tests usually detect the hormone earlier. In most cases, your doctor will need to prescribe the lab work for insurance to cover it. Read Expatica’s guide to finding a doctor in Germany.
The Federal Ministry for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth provides several services to women who need support and advice regarding their pregnancy. A 24-hour, free hotline is available on 0800 40 40 020 in 18 languages, as well as online support.
Abortion (Abtreibung) is a controversial topic in Germany, but in middle European style, the two parties have reached a compromise. The German penal code – the Nazi-era provision is known as Paragraph 219a – now defines abortion under certain circumstances as “illegal, but without threat of punishment”. What this means is that a woman and her gynecologist may decide upon an abortion together in three cases. These are, on criminal grounds following sexual abuse (within 12 weeks), on medical grounds (within 22 weeks), and if the child is likely to be born with a physical or mental disability, in which case the doctor must give the pregnant woman detailed information on caring for children with disabilities before she opts for an abortion. Insurance companies usually cover these procedures.
Women have the legal right to terminate their pregnancy or undergo an abortion in Germany. They are expected to attend schwangerschaftskonfliktsberatung (pre-termination counseling). About 96% of abortions carried out in Germany are through this program. Women may have an abortion within 12 weeks after conception, provided they meet the following conditions:
As of February 2019, it is easier to find abortion clinics in Germany, following revisions to the country’s abortion law. Doctors and clinics can now say they offer abortions on their websites, but not what sort of procedures they use.
Women must pay for the abortion procedure themselves, but some low-income women may be eligible for state support.
The abortion pill is legal in Germany for the first 63 days of pregnancy. Not all clinics offer it, however.
In all cases, women should ask as many questions as necessary to understand the legal and medical situation as well as the procedure and possible complications.
Find more information on the family planning website (in German).
The main point of contact during your pregnancy in Germany is the community midwife, who coordinates arrangements on your behalf with a team of midwives, GPs, obstetricians, and other hospital staff. The midwife is the person who will arrange appointments and tests on your behalf.
Your community midwife can arrange an antenatal appointment for your visit to the hospital consultant. At this appointment, you complete the hospital registration process, which usually takes around 45 minutes. This is important as it allows you to go straight to the maternity unit when the time comes for giving birth in Germany.
Parents-to-be can visit the hospital as part of a scheduled tour of the maternity unit (Info-Abend). During this, you’ll get the opportunity to visit the delivery suite. You’ll also meet with the hospital midwives and medical staff. This gives you a chance to discuss any aspect of your care during childbirth in Germany.
Health professionals who are providing care for you will record your and your baby’s progress on a maternity record (Mutterpass). This will have details of each medical appointment.
This is an important document and you must bring it with you to each appointment and to the delivery suite when you are having a baby in Germany. After the baby is born the midwife will store it for safekeeping.
Women having a baby in Germany can choose to give birth in a hospital, birth house or at home. Health insurance covers all the options. Depending on where you live, you may have varying degrees of options available.
Hospitals and clinics are for those women who like the comfort of knowing everything is on the spot, to offer epidurals and deal with emergency services. From birthing balls and water births to more traditional ways of delivery, all options are available. The midwife handles the birth itself. Check that she works with the hospital you want to give birth in. Doctors step in should there be an emergency. Typical hospital stays last three nights, or five nights for C-sections. Maternity wards have two to four beds, with bathroom facilities on the same floor. Many hospitals offer family rooms at an extra charge, where your partner or a companion can stay overnight.
Alternatively, seek out a midwife for delivering your baby at home (Hausgeburt). Many women prefer this option, which is appropriate for pregnancies with few complications. In case of an emergency, you’ll transfer to a hospital.
A birth house or a Geburtshaus is somewhere between the two options, providing a fuzzy, homely atmosphere managed by midwives. There are no emergency services on-site, so in case of complications they’ll call an ambulance, but many also offer outpatient treatments so you can leave within a few hours of giving birth.
Typically, pregnant women see their gynecologists every four weeks or so until the end of the second trimester. On these visits, weight and blood pressure are measured and urine and blood tests are taken. These tests include checking blood groups and Rh factors (for both mother and baby), immunity against rubella, toxoplasmosis and the presence of the cytomegalovirus, gestational diabetes, as well as a standard strep test. However, not all insurance policies cover all tests; it’s worth checking both with the doctor and the insurer.
Women with standard health insurance in Germany will be offered three ultrasound scans. Doctors must discuss the advantages and disadvantages of ultrasounds before carrying them out. Women have the right not to have the scans without giving a reason, to refuse to see imagery from such procedures, and to stay uniformed about the gender of the fetus. The first scan, carried out between the 9th and 12th week, confirms that you are indeed pregnant, checks for the baby’s heartbeat and provides a delivery date. The second, between weeks 19 and 22, and the third, between weeks 29 and 32, also measure th
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