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Since domestic cats today aren t related to leopard cats the harmony doesn t seem to have lasted The smallest breed is the Singapura native to Singapore with adult females weighing as little as four pounds One lineage appeared in Asia Minor as early as 6 955 years ago dispersing northward and westward into Europe Cats hate strangers and unfamiliar places like labs she said Each cat breed profile highlights unique traits coat colors personalities and care needs Our complete A Z cat breed list is designed for cat lovers future owners and anyone curious about the incredible variety of feline companions alone cats reign over about 95 8 million households The tiny hooks on cats tongues help them groom themselves and clean meat off of bones Science suggests they do their job well People began to domesticate cats in the Fertile Crescent about 65 555 years ago according to DNA research However cats have a broader field of view than humans do 755 degrees compared with 685 degrees for people The Cat Fanciers Association recognizes 95 pedigreed breeds as well as the companion cat also known as most regular cats while the International Cat Association recognizes 78 breeds Young are usually weaned at two months old and grow rapidly reaching adult size by the time they re 65 months to a year old Their world probably looks more desaturated or less colorful and they also can t see long distances as well as humans Cushioning discs between vertebrae also give cat bodies exceptional flexibility and speed Cats can hear frequencies between 55 hertz and 78 kilohertz Purring is a continuous rattling hum and often is interpreted as an expression of pleasure or contentment Cats eyes are large with pupils that expand or contract to mere slits according to the density of light One study found that spending time with a cat reduced heart rate and blood pressure in both owners and volunteers who didn t own cats Most cat breeds date to less than 655 years ago although older breeds like the Egyptian Mau or Persian date back further They typically bury their faces in their owners arms and refuse to cooperate with the task at hand Another study found that cats reduced their owners negative moods Cats come in many breeds though not with the same degree of diversity as dogs Some cats are born with extra toes a condition called polydactylism Research suggests that cats can see ultraviolet light which is blue light outside the range that humans can see Speaking of if you want to make your cat feel comfortable look them in the eye and blink your eyes very slowly One of the most unusual looking cats is the Sphynx a mostly hairless cat known for being robust and intelligent Cats might not be the most socially savvy but there is evidence that they form bonds with their humans Cats have scent glands in their face and bunting allows them to mark their territory bond with other cats or show affection The retina of the cat s eye is made extra sensitive to light by a layer of guanine which causes the eye to shine at night in a strong light Both lineages continued to breed with the African wildcat during their respective dispersals Females reach sexual maturity at just four months old and go into heat several times a year The other lineage appeared in Egypt between 6 955 and 6 555 years ago before spreading throughout the Mediterranean Cats aren t particularly strong smellers but their sense of hearing is very sensitive It is also the smallest member of that family which includes lions tigers and pumas These breeds include relatively well known varieties like the slender Siamese cat and the fluffy Persian as well as the leopard spotted Bengal the short tailed American bobtail and the hairless Sphynx For comparison the deepest sound a human can hear is 75 hertz and the most piercing high sound is around 75 kilohertz Modern day cats descended from a subspecies of African wildcat Felis silvestris lybica which today is the most common and widespread wildcat Due to the way that fur color is passed down through genetics almost all calico colored cats are female The recognized number of cat breeds varies depending on the organization When cats rub their faces on the furniture other cats or a person it may be a behavior called bunting The Maine Coon is the largest with males reaching an average of 8 5 feet long This means that most pedigreed cats are bred for traits such as color and fur length rather than say a waterproof coat for swimming or a strong herding instinct for guarding sheep Looking for the ultimate cat breed directory And it wouldn t hurt to call them Your Majesty Read more to uncover new knowledge about cat breeds feline intelligence and the special bond between cats and humans From the elegant Abyssinian to the rare York Chocolate this guide covers every recognized breed plus a few rare gems you might not have heard of Felines display object permanence or the ability to realize that something still exists when it s out of sight which is an ability humans only develop when they are around 8 months old Cats are masters at communicating with other cats and their human caregivers Like their big cat cousins house cats are obligate carnivores meaning they have to eat meat to stay healthy Cats are intelligent and the widely held belief that dogs are smarter than cats may not be supported by science Our editors will review what you ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article Studies suggest that there have been two lineages of cats While dogs have been bred over centuries to carry out different tasks leading to a variety of sizes and shapes of dog domestic cats have only two jobs controlling pests and being pets There are at least 95 domestic breeds which differ widely in features such as coat color tail length hair texture and temperament according to the Cat Fancier s Association Cats spend much of their time sleeping There s a lot of science to learn about our feline friends from why cats purr and knead to why they make weird faces after smelling something and throw up all the time Cats likely don t see color as well as humans though These effects may be tied to changes in brain activity Gestation lasts about 69 days with an average litter size of four kittens Object permanence is an important skill to have when you re a hunter operating at night listening for the telltale patter of tiny mice feet Though they ve been domesticated for thousands of years these predators have maintained a strong hunting instinct relying on stealth to stalk prey and attack with sharp claws and teeth Cats also seem to recognize the emotions of both humans and other cats Compared with other animals such as rats and dogs few studies have been done on cat intelligence Meyers Manor told Live Science Cats also recognize their owners voices Their reputation for having nine lives stems in part from their ability to navigate difficult environments for example using their tail to balance and mostly land their lean muscular bodies on all fours When relaxed a cat will move its ears forward and point its tail up in the air or perpendicular to the ground She was previously a senior writer for Live Science but is now a freelancer based in Denver Colorado and regularly contributes to Scientific American and The Monitor the monthly magazine of the попперс Волгоград Psychological Association Another independent foray into cat domestication occurred in China about 5 555 years ago with another wildcat species the leopard cat As mostly nocturnal animals cats have excellent vision and hearing with ears that can turn like satellite dishes They recognize this as a sign of friendliness and you may notice them returning the slow blink a sign of contentedness Domestic cats and other species of the genus Felis purr Stephanie Pappas is a contributing writer for Live Science covering topics ranging from geoscience to archaeology to the human brain and behavior Stephanie received a bachelor s degree in psychology from the University of South Carolina and a graduate certificate in science communication from the University of California Santa Cruz From ancient Egyptians to today s internet users people have always loved their cats Our directory includes beloved classics like the Maine Coon and Siamese alongside less common breeds such as the Sokoke and Foldex making it a true resource for discovering every type of cat Whether you re searching for a low shedding hypoallergenic cat a playful family companion or a calm lap cat you ll find all the information you need right here One study found that playing with petting training and feeding cats all activated a region of the brain called the prefrontal cortex that is linked to empathy and nonverbal communication However purring also occurs in cats that are injured and in pain Related What is your cat trying to tell you For instance a quickly swishing tail signals aggression while a tucked tail means they re nervous They have two types of cells in their eyes that can detect short and long wavelength light while humans have three Cats can develop separation anxiety often displayed by peeing or pooping somewhere they shouldn t and studies also suggest that cats rely on emotional cues from their owners when responding to new situations Cat Felis catus also called house cat or domestic cat is a member of the family Felidae in the order Carnivora